2022年初中英语语法形容词与副词总结教案 .pdf
学习必备欢迎下载博大教育个性化辅导教案辅导科目：英语授课教师：年级：学生姓名：本次课时：剩余课时：课题类型基础（）巩固（）提高（）授课时间：月日_至_备课时间：月日教学目标重点、难点、考点教学内容定义形容词用来说明人或事物的特征性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或代词副词是用来说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念的词，主要用来修饰动词，形容词或其他副词。形容词，副词的基本用法1.形容词一般放在be动词或连系动词 （5 个感官动词 look feel smell taste sound ， 3 个变得 turn get become ，2 个保持 keep stay ，1 个似乎 seem ）的后面作表语，名词前面作定语如：the book is interesting this is an interesting book 2.形容词作宾语补足语：常见的加形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep，make，find，feel，think等等常见下面的句型中： keep sth+adj ：we should keep our classroom clean and tidy make sth+adj ：what he said made me happy find/feel/think it+adj.to do sth：you will find it very interesting to learn English. 3.副词一般放在行为动词或形容词后面，表程度或频率的副词一般放在动词前面。如：it s raining heavily now / it s often rains in our hometown 4.形容词变副词的规律：直接+ly：slowslowly 以辅音字母加 le 结尾的词，去 e+y：terribleterribly 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词，改 y 为 i，再加 ly：heavyheavily 其他变化： truetruly，full fully 形容词与副词同形的： fast，early，hard，high，straight等daily，lovely，friendly，lonely，ugly，likely 等是形容词，不是副词5.形容词修饰复合不定代词（something，anything，nothing，everything，somebody ，anybody，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载nobody，everybody）时，要放在不定代词的后面。如：the teacher has something important to tell us 6.enough （足够）放在名词前面，形容词、副词后面。如：I don t have enough money to buy the bike 形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化规则1.一般情况下比较级在词尾直接加er，最高级加 est small-smaller-smallest strong-stronger-strongest 2.以 e结尾的词，在词尾加r 构成比较级，加 st 构成最高级nice-nicer-nicest late-later-latest 3.以辅音字母 +y 结尾的词，把 y 改为 i，再加 er 构成比较级，加 est构成最高级heavy-heavier-heaviest easy-easier-easiest 4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写辅音字母，再加er或 est构成比较级和最高级big-bigger-biggest hot-hotter-hottest 5.其他双音节或多音节词在词面前加more构成比较级，加most 构成最高级。important-more important-most important strongly-more strongly-most strongly 6.不规则变化的词good/well-better-best many/much-more-most little-less-least bad/badly/ill-worse-worst far-farther-farthest（距离的远）far-further-furthest（意义上的进一步）old-older-oldest（年龄的老）old-elder-eldest （辈分的大）形容词、副词的基本句型1.原级的用法：very，quite，rather，too，enough，so等词修饰原级The street is very busy / the book is quite interesting 表示 A 与 B 一样时，用 A-as+原级 +as+B（和.一样）Tom is as tall as Kate. Tom runs as quickly as Kate 表示 A 不如 B 时，用 A-not-as/so+原级+as+B（不如）This story isn t as/so interesting as that one . 2.比较级的用法：两者之间的比较或选择用比较级：比较级+than+被比较的对象He is taller than his father who jumps higher，Tom or Jim？比较级前面还可以用： much，a litter，a bit，even，far，still，three times等词来修饰。Why not get up a litter earlier ？ The book is twice cheaper than that one 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载表示“越来越 .”时用：比较级 +and+比较级 /more and more + 原级hotter and hotter 越来越热more and more useful 越来越有用表示“越 .，越.”时，用： the+比较级， the+比较级The more you take exercise ，the healthier you will be 倍数的表达法： A is 倍数+比较级 +than B / A is 倍数+as +原级+as B 3.最高级的用法：三者或三者以上的比较用最高级：the+最高级 +of/in+比较的范围Shanghai is the largest city in China 表示“最 .之一”时用： one of the +最高级 +名词复数Shanghai is the first largest city in China 注意： 1.形容词最高级前一定用the ，副词的最高级可省略the，比较级前不用the，但在“of the two”的结构中，要用： the + 比较级如：the boy in red is the taller of the two 2.形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时不用the ：he is my best friend 3.同类事物才能相比较： the weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Beijing. 形容词、副词易混词辨析1.alone ，lonely alone 形容词“独自的，单独的”。副词“独自地”lonely 形容词“孤独的，寂寞的，荒凉的”练习： 1.the man lives _in a _house ,but he doesn t feel _. 2.he has few friends here,so he is _. 2.ill,sick 生病的两者都可以作为表语。但ill 用作“生病的”时，不可修饰名词，但sick 可以。如： he is ill/sick，he is a sick man . he is an ill man = he is a bad man （意思变了）3.asleep ，sleepy，sleep asleep 形容词“睡着的”。常用词组：fall asleep入睡sleepy 形容词“想睡的，困乏的”。常用词组：be sleepy sleep动词“睡觉”。常用词组： go to sleep （睡觉）练习： he was so _that he fell _easily I have to _by10 at home 4.awake wake awake 形容词“醒着的”常用词组：be awake 醒着的 wake动词“醒来”。常用词组：wake up 醒来练习： don t _me up . I want to sleep late The mother had to stay _to look after his sick son 5.die，dead，death，dying die 动词“死”dead形容词“死的”death名词“死”dying 形容词“将死的”精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载练习： the dog has_.it has been _for an hour . His _made us sad The bird is _.let s try to save it 6.fill,full fill 动词，“装满”。常用词组：fill .with ；be filled with（装满）full 形容词“满的，饱的”。常用词组：be full of 装满练习： the box is _.it s_with ping-pong balls Are you hungry ? No ,I m_ 7.good , well good 形容词“好的”well 副词是“好地”意思。作形容词时是“身体健康的”作名词时是“井”练习： he is a _player . He can play basketball very _ I m not feeling _now . I must see a doctor at once 8.instead ,instead of 代替，而不是 instead意为“代替”“替代”，作副词用，通常位于句尾 instead of是 介词短语，后必须加名词或名词短语如：she didnt answer me, instead, she asked me another question. Well ask Li Lei instead of Mary 9.hard hardly hard 作形容词， 意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地， 猛烈地”。hardly 意为“几乎不”。如：The bed was so hard that it took me a long time to fall asleep. 硬的He works hard only before exams. 努力地He can hardly speak English, can he? 几乎不10.Pleased,pleasant,pleasing,pleasure pleased指外物作用于感官 , 使人感到 高兴 、满意、喜欢 , 常见的结构为 : be pleased+ 不定式或从句 , be pleased with,be pleased at (about)。如: Im very pleased with the performance. Were pleased about (at) your success. pleasant意为令人愉快的 ,舒畅的 ,非常好的 ,讨人喜欢的 ,风趣的 如: They spent a very pleasant afternoon in the hills. Spring weather is pleasant. pleasing指某物或某人 使他人高兴、招人喜爱 。如: These flowers are very pleasing. The girl has pleasing manners. pleasure是名词 ,指快乐,愉快的事 ,乐趣。如:Its a pleasure to meet you. May I have the pleasure of dancing with you. 总的说来， pleasant 和 pleasing 表示客观上的“令人高兴或愉快的”，指的是被修饰名词给别精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载人的感觉； pleased 表示的是主观上“感到高兴或愉快的”，指的是被修饰名词自身的感觉。11.surprise , surprised ,surprising surprise 既可以做名词，又可以作动词。常用词组 in surprise 惊奇地（放在句末） to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是eg : To my surprise, he was a thief. v 使 吃惊His words surprised me a lot 他的话使我大吃一惊。surprised形容词“感到惊奇的”。常用词组：be surprised at somebody/something/doing something对某人的行为 /某事/干谋事感到惊讶I am surprised at you. 我对你的行为跟到惊讶。I was surprised at your tone. 我对你的腔调吃惊不小。I was surprised at seeing/to see him there.我真想不到在那里见到他12.some times ，sometimes ，some time ，sometime some times 几次（time 作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。）如：I am sure that we have met some times before.我肯定我们之前见过几次了。The newly bought microwave oven failed to work some times. 新买的微波炉坏了几次了。sometimes 副词：有时候。如：Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. I sometimes have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。some time某段时间。常与 for 连用。如：We plan to stay in Hainan for some time. 我们打算在海南呆上一段时间。I will keep the computer for some time, so you can use it. sometime （1）副词：某个时候。（可指过去或将来的某个时候。）如：Would you come to the cinema with me, sometime? 找个时间和我看场电影行吗？(将来) Well take our holiday sometime in August. 我们会在八月找个时间度假。（将来）I bought this sometime last summer. 这是我在上个夏天买的。（过去）13.how often，how long，how soon，how far how often 指每隔多久，主要用来对频度副词或状语(如：once a week, three times a month 等) 如：A：How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次 ? B：Once a month. 每月一次。A：How often do you visit your mother? 你多长时间看你妈妈一次? B：Once a week. how long 1.表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如 three days, four weeks 等) 如：A： How long did he stay here? 他在这儿呆了多久 ? B： About two weeks. 大约两个星期。2. 表示某东西有多长。如：A：How long is the river? 这条河有多长？B：About 500 km. 大约 500 千米。how soon指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in an hour, in two weeks 等) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载如：A：How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来 ? B：In an hour. 1 小时以后。A：How soon shall we know the results? 我们多久能知道结果 ? B：I dont know. how far 指距离（多远）How far is it from here to the zoo? Its 6 kilometers 课后功课学生对于本次课的评价：1、是否掌握知识 全部掌握基本掌握不掌握2、是否满意老师教学 特别满意满意一般不满意学生签字：教师评定：1、上次作业评价：好较好一般差2、学生课堂表现：很积极较积极一般不积极3、学生接受程度：全部接受大部分接受大部分接受不能接受4、课间纪律：好较好一般差5、其他情况：教师签字：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页
