2022年全国大学英语四级辅导讲座课件 .pdf

CET4 四级简介及考试注意事项作文 听力 快速阅读听力 深度阅读完型填空翻译注意 1 一进考场就集中注意力写作文等试题册发下来后抓紧时间做快速阅读交了答题卡1 后准备做听力作文在答题纸 1上其他题目在试题册上作文和快速阅读在答题纸1上作答完成后交答题纸 1 剩下题目在答卡 2 上作答注意 2 因为答题纸 1 要提前交所以一定要抓紧时间做作文和快速阅读必须在规定时间内完成做完听力后剩下 45 分钟时间要完成的题目有选词填空两篇阅读文章完型填空翻译时间短题量大一定要注意时间的分配注意 3 听力和阅读占 70所以四级考试的成绩主要由听力和阅读能力决定选词填空和传统阅读占25 完型填空占 10翻译占 5完型比较难翻译分值少建议不要在这两个题目上花太多时间时间流程表 850-900试音时间900-910 播放考场指令发放作文考卷910 取下耳机开始作文考试作文 910- 940 935 发放含有快速阅读的试题册快速阅读 940- 955 955-1000 收答题卡一 1000-1120 所有题目在答题卡二上作答听力1000-1035 仔细阅读理解 1035-1100 完形填空 1100-1115 翻译 1115-1120 收答题卡二一写作 三段落式 TS 1本社团的主要活动内容 2 参加本社团的好处 3 如何加入本社团切题语 言连贯语言第一位结构第二位内 容第三 位精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 33 页大学英语四六级作文评分标准 2 分条理不清思路紊乱语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误且多数为严重错误5 分基本切题表达思想不清楚连贯性差有较多的严重语言错误 8 分基本切题有些地方表达思想不够清楚文字勉强连贯语言错误相当多其中有一些是严重错误11 分切题表达思想清楚文字连贯但有少量语言错误 14 分切题表达思想清楚文字通顺连贯性好基本上无语言错误仅有个别小错注 白卷 作文与题目毫不相关 或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想则给0 分作文得分技巧总结 1 卷面整洁书写清楚 2 构思简单少犯错误 3 中心突出层次分明 4 固定经典名言注目 5 重在变化宁简勿烂避免语言错误主谓一致单复一致时态一致词组搭配 单词拼写大学英语四级写作技巧谋篇布局四级写作一般以三段式展开题目要求中通常包含三个要点每个要点为一段记住一定要分段第一段提出问题第二段分析问题第三段解决问题例如 2006 年 12 月的题目为 Spring Festival Gala on CCTV 要求 1 许多人喜欢看春节晚会2 但有些人提出取消春节晚会3 我的看法喜欢看春节晚会是正常现象应该作为问题的开端进行简短介绍有些人提出取消春节晚会才是重点必须给出相应的篇幅做详细阐述最后表明我的观点其实就是问作者的态度及解决这个矛盾的方法谋篇布局总的来说有三点要注意 1 开篇就得点题文章字数有限必须采取开门见山的方法但开篇点题并不是说第一段第一句话就得提出问题在这之前可以有所修饰有导入的成分但不要太长一般第三句就得清楚突出地把问题点出来 2 中间段阐述必须清楚中间段是全文的核心部分要做到阐述清楚 clarity论证充分要有一致性unity 连贯性 coherence 和条理性 一 般 由 主 题 句topic sentence topiccontrolling idea 和 扩 展 句developingsupporting sentences组成主题句是观点的高度浓缩应该言简意赅精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 33 页扩展句是对主题句的详细阐述应该做到理由充分内容一致 3 结尾段进行总结restatement并提出解决问题的方法最后的总结在观点上可以重申但不可以重复另外结尾一定要有所升华不能仍停留在对问题的描述上既然存在问题就必须想办法解决常见的开头的写作方法 1 引述名言谚语 eg You have to believe in yourself Thats the secret of success Charles Chaplin ever said In my opinion self-confidence is the first element on the way to your goal As the old saying goes Knowledge is power The main way for us students to gain knowledge is from the books So some students argue that we should read extensively It is well known to us all that 常见的开头的写 作方 法2 对比比 较eg Some people say while others claim that Some people believe but others argue that Old people often feel that but for the young it is 3 提出一个问题 egWhat constitutes enough information for the decision-maker Its impossible to put a number on it but Should the Spring Festival Gala be cancelled Different people have different answers Misunderstanding is inevitable in communications If such misfortunes occurs what is your response Here are some tips for you to treat it in a proper way 常见的开头的写作方法 4 数据引证一般用在看图作文中 eg As we can see in the charts 柱状图圆形百分比图 the number of Chinese people who go abroad has increased greatly between 1992 and 2002 As is clearly shown in the charts there is an increasing number of people who own a car during the recent three years The figures in this graph曲线图 show us that According to the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 33 页graph we can find that It can be seen from the table图表表格that 常见的开头的写作方法 idolexamplerole model learn from 5 陈述现状eg With the rapid development of the interview is becoming more and more important in job-hunting Because of the development of great changes have occurred in the educational system of China Nowadays mobile phone is very popular with college students In recent years cheating in CET4 still prevails among the college students It is well-accepted that nowadays dishonesty is a common phenomenon in society There is a heated debate over private car Nowadays private car aroused a lot of controversy 大学英语四级写作技巧主题句和扩展句写好主题句是最关键的步骤论述的段落包含多个主题句主题句 topic sentence反映段落的中心思想体现文章的整体结构让读者对作者的思路一目了然要写好主题句必须注意以下几个方面 1 主题句必须是个完整的句子与文章主旨密切相关 2 主题句一般是 general sentence 内容明确具体3 主题句内涵要广便于展开细节论述比如写一篇论述计算器的文章主题思想是反映计算器能帮助人们快速解决算术问题但过分依赖计算器会对人脑有不良影响那么主题句应该要紧扣计算器的使用利弊这个方面 eg Calculators can obviously benefit us However overusing calculators will also do some harm to us 如果句子不够具体明确段落的主题便模糊不清在进一步阐述时会失去方向感如 To improve English proficiency one needs to acquire some skills 这句话中的some skills太泛读者弄不清到底是哪方面的技能技巧改成To improve reading ability one needs to acquire some reading skills 这样精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 33 页含义清楚范围明确便于细节描述而如果句子涉及的面太窄不够general没有进一步讨论的余地这样的句子就不适合作主题句如Today more and more women are going out to work 这句话含义非常清楚没有进行详细阐述的必要所以它本身只能是细节句用来解释主题句主题句确定后必须有足够的细节去支持主题句所提出的观点给出充分有力的论证这就是扩展句的任务扩展句是段落的主干部分是对主题句的中心思想的详细解释它的特点是 1 清晰详实 2 条理分明 3 内容一致如主题句为 Cell phone is one of the most popular means of communication 那么接下来的扩展句应该要紧跟这个中心意思有条理地进行阐述扩展句 1People make use of it to make an appointment take a message for others discuss a question and so on 扩展局 2People even use it to have a meeting or give a notice 这两句话都说明了手机的社交功能而且以递进的顺序排列让读者更好地理解主题句的含义具有说服力大学英语四级写作技巧段落的展开 1 段落一致性在一个段落就只有一个主题句就是说一个段落就只能有一个中心思想一个核心段落中所有其他句子都要围绕这个中心展开或铺述一切与主题句没有直接关系的句子都要舍弃掉如However fake commodities are extremely harmful to consumers as well as to the whole society First of all fake commodities may cause losses to consumers Meanwhile fake commodities may harm peoples health sometimes even lives And in the 1998 fatal alcohol poisoning case in Shanxi Province for example a peasant produced alcohol dreaming of becoming rich overnight which with 27 people killed and about 700 poisoned caused great sufferings to the victims and shocked the whole country as well Therefore 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 33 页it is really high time we took action to crack down on the production and sale of fake commodities 2 段落连贯性一个好段落在具体语言上和内容上要有连贯性段落中的句子要符合一定的条理和逻辑顺序句与句之间衔接要紧密过度要自然流畅这样才能反映出一个清晰的思路如 It is known to us all that modern transportation plays an important role in our life In the past people used to suffer a great deal if they had to make a long journey or convey some heavy goods the fact is that the transport means at that time was simple and rare Today various vehicles ships and airplanes have enabled us to go wherever we like to Not only does modern transportation bring people much convenience but it also frees people from the hard work of conveyance What is more important is that modern transportation has saved much of our time so that we can do more work and learn more knowledge 按逻辑顺序安排细节是使段落连贯的方法之一常用的顺序有四种时间顺序空间顺序演绎法和归纳法演绎法是先通过主题句给出一 般 的 总 体 的 观 点然 后 给 出 扩 展 句 摆 出 具 体 的 事 实 体现 了 一 般 到 具 体general-to-specific 的顺序归纳法是先给具体事实和细节再概括总结出其中道理规律体现了具体到一般 specific-to-general 的顺序使段落连贯的方法之二是使用适当的连接手段 transitional devices 一般是指关联词的使用在英语中句与句之间段与段之间一般都有连词或关联词连接通过这些词读者能够很清楚地明白文章前后的逻辑联系适当使用关联词是四级写作必备的技能大家应该要引起特别重视常用的关联词分为四类 1 列举类 listing 列举法常用在议论文中当作者提出一个论点后可通过列举出一系列事实对其进行说明精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 33 页或论证列举类关联词有 first ly second ly finally for one thing for another on the one hand on the other hand moreover furthermore whats more in addition besides first of all in the first place in the second place then next last but not least 2 举例 类exemplificationillustration 举例法是用事例或数 据对中 心 观点进 行说明论证的方法 举例类关联词有for example for instance such as like takefor example a case in point namely in other words that is especially in particular 3 比较和对比comparison and contrast 比较是把两种或两种以上的事物进行比较以辨别出它们的相似之处对比是将这些事物进行对照辨别其差异而指出各自的特征和本质这类关联词有 but however yet otherwise while in contrast by contrast on the contrary similarly likewise like conversely rather than instead on the other hand equally nevertheless nonetheless unlike still in the same way compared with 4 因果类 cause and effect as a result since because of thanks to due to owing to for this reason hence thus therefore on thisthat account on account of consequently 5 总 结类总结法是指在表达了一个观点或举了一个例子后进行总结给出概括这类关联词有 in this case according to in a word in brief in short to sum up 1 第一段 1 现状说明用于文章开头的语句 1 When asked about When it comes to Faced with mostmany people believe that but other people consider it differently regard it as 2 When it comes to peoples opinions differ Some hold the opinion that while others claim that 3 There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the role view idea of Some people claim 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 33 页that while others believe that 4 There is a general discussion today about the problem issue of Those who criticize argue that They believe that But people who advocate on the other hand argue that 5 Most people are of the opinion that But I personally believe that 6 Now people in growing numbers are beginning to realize that 7 Now it is generally acknowledged that but I doubt whether 2 图表描述用于描写图片或数据的语句 1 In 1990 it increaseddecreased from to 2 By comparison with 1998 it decreasedincreased by 3 The figure has nearly doubled compared with as against that of last year 4 It has increased decreased almost twice six times compared with 5 The number is twice four times half as much as that of 1990 6 It accounts for takes up percent of the total 占的比例 7 The number was more than less than a half third quarter of the 1990 total 2第二段 1 原因列举用于解释原因的语句 1 The phenomenonchange in mainly result from the fact that 2 One may regard the phenomenon as a sign of response to 3 There are many causes reasons for this dramatic growthdecrease First Second Finally 4 A number of factors can account for the change in 5 Another contributory factor of is 6 Why do people For one thing for another One reason is Another is Perhaps the primary reason is 7 is also responsible for the rise decrease in 2观点陈述用于比较驳斥的语句 I 用于比较的语句 1 The advantages of A outweigh any benefit we gain from B 2 Good as A is it has its own disadvantages For one thing it for another it 3 Although A has enormous much considerable 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 33 页a distinct advantage over B it can not compete with B in 4 As advantage sounds ridiculous means nothing when Bs advantages are considered II 用于驳斥的语句 1 Although a lot of people believe that I doubt wonder whether the argument bears much analysis close examination 2 As opposed to widely held ideas I believe think argue that 3 Although the popular belief idea is that a current study survey indicates that 4 They may be right about but they seem to neglect fail to mention consider the fact that 5 Although it is widely accepted that it is unlikely to be true that 6 It is true that but this is not to say it doesnt mean that 7 There isare absolutely no in fact every reason s for us to believe accept resist reject that 8 What these people fail to understand consider mention is that 9 You One may think argue say that It probably will But 10 It is one thing to believe that but it is quite another to say that 3 第三段 1 From what has been discussed above Taking into account all these features Judging from all evidence offered we may safely draw the conclusion that 2 All the evidence supports an unshakable conclusion that 3 It is high time that we placed great emphasis on 4 It is high time we put an end to the undesirable phenomenon of 5 There is little doubt no denying that further attention must be paid to the problem of 6 It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 33 页写作的七项基本原则1 长短句原则 As a creature I eat as a man I read Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind they are in a way quite similar 强烈建议在文章第一段开头用一长一短在文章主体部分要先用一个短句解释主要意思然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式定会让主体部分妙笔生辉文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了 2主题句原则主题句通常放在句首 To begin with you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam 主题句 Without sufficient preparation you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly 3阐述观点的一二三原则 1first second third last不推荐原因俗 2firstly secondly thirdly finally不推荐原因俗3the first the second the third the last不推荐原因俗 4in the first place in the second place in the third place lastly 5to begin with then furthermore finally强烈推荐 6to start with next in addition finally强烈推荐 7first and foremost besides last but not least强烈推荐 8most important of all moreover finally 强烈推荐 9on the one hand on the other hand 适用于两点的情况 10for one thing for another thing适用于两点的情况 4短语优先原则写作时尤其是在考试时如果使用短语有两个好处其一用短语会使文章增加亮点如果老师们看到你的文章太简单看不到一个自己不认识的短语你的得分率将会降低相反如果发现一些精彩的短语你的文章定会得高分其二关键时刻思维短路只有凑字数怎么办用短语是一个办法比如 I cannot bear 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 33 页it可以用短语表达I cannot put up with it I want it可以用短语表达 I am looking forward to it 5多实少虚原则写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西不要空话连篇这就要求一定要多用实词少用虚词所谓虚词是指那些比较大的词比如我们说很好的时候不应该只说nice 这样空洞的词应该使用一些诸如generous humorous interesting smart gentle warm-hearted hospital之类的更形象的词再比如走出房间 general的词是 walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说 slip out of the room 小姐走出房间应该说sail out of the room 小孩走出房间应该说dance out of the room 老人走出房间应该说 stagger out of the room 6 多变句式原则 1 加法串联可以在任何句子之间加and 但最好是前后的句子有先后关系或者并列关系比如说 I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar 如果是二者并列的我们可以用一个超级句式 Not only is the fur coat soft but it is also warm 其它的短语可以用 besides furthermore likewise moreover whats more in additionalong with as well as 2转折拐弯抹角批评某人缺点的时候我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点然后转入正题再说缺点写文章的时候只要在要点之前先来点废话注意二者之间用个转折词就够了 The car was quite old yet it was in excellent condition The coat was thin but it was warm 更多的短语 despite that still however nevertheless in spite of despite notwithstanding instead of in contrast on the contrary unlike whereas 3因果昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩然后我主动搭讪然后我们去咖啡厅然后我们认识了然后我们成为了朋友可见讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序先什么后什么所以然后这个词就变得很常见了其实这个词表示的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 33 页是先后或因果关系 The snow began to fall so we went home 更多短语 then therefore consequently accordingly hence as a result for this reason so that due to owing to thanks to because of 4失衡句头重脚轻或者头轻脚重文章中如果出现失衡句子更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同其实就是主语从句表语从句宾语从句的变形 This is what I can do Whether he can go with us or not is not sure 同样主语宾语表语可以改成如下的复杂成分 When to go Why he goes away 5附加多此一举在句子中穿插定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语使句子有变化 The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine I dont enjoy that book you are reading Mr Liu our oral English teacher is easy-going 附加法其实很简单同位语要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成定语从句借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中 6排比排山倒海句文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句一个个的对偶句一个个的不定式一个个的词一个个的短语如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势 Whether your tastes are modern or traditional sophisticated or simple there is plenty in London for you Nowadays energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil coal natural gas solar heat the wind and ocean tides We have got to study hard to enlarge our scope of knowledge to realize our potentials and to pay for our life气势恢宏 7 挑战极限原则 I Walking in the street my phone rang既然是挑战极限必然是比较难的但是并非不可攀原理在学生的文章中很少发现诸如独立主格的句子其实也很简单只要花上5 分钟的时间看看就可以领会它就是分词的一种特殊形式分词要求主语一致而独立精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 33 页主格则不然比如 The weather being fine a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills Africa is the second largest continent its size being about three times that of China 议论文写作的基本模式从 2006年 6月四级改革以来议论文已经成为四级作文的绝对主流对于这种类型的文章写作框架如下第一段现象背景介绍引出话题公众观点大概理由第二段关于话题的相关因素影响作用好处危害或原因等第三段陈述自己观点或预期未来组成一篇文章的三要素是结构内容和语言对于此类型的文章同学们是很难在结构上略胜一筹的至于具体内容也完全不需要推陈出新因为批卷老师是完全没有时间仔细看理由的所以如何体现我们的写作能力和文章价值关键在于文章遣词造句的质量此类文章的高分原则为第一在文章中必须有五个左右的衔接词来体现逻辑性第二用词尽量避免重复体现语言的灵活和升级第三尽量使用非陈述句式如倒装被动虚拟语气及插入语等话题 大学生话题大学生话题主要涉及大学生的校园学习生活择业及人生观等方面A学习精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -