Therebe结构和方位介词复习.ppt

There be 结构结构 和和 方位方位 介词介词 复习复习 Project English 七年级下册七年级下册 Unit 6 一、一、There be 结构结构问题问题1： there be结构用在什么情况？结构用在什么情况？ 表示表示“在某地在某地 /某时有某物某时有某物/某人某人” 等概念时等概念时就就要用要用there be结构。结构。问题问题2： there be结构是怎样的一种句型？结构是怎样的一种句型？ 它是一种它是一种倒装句倒装句。 副词副词there是引导词，无词是引导词，无词义，后接动词义，后接动词be的各种形式，其主语是的各种形式，其主语是be动词后动词后面的名词。主语之后是表示时间和面的名词。主语之后是表示时间和地点的状语地点的状语（通常用（通常用介词短语：介词介词短语：介词 + the + 名词名词）。）。结构：结构： There is / are + 主语主语（某物某人（某物某人 ）+介词短语介词短语(某地某时某地某时) There be的各种句式：的各种句式：v1、肯定句：、肯定句： vThere is + a/an + 可数名词的单数可数名词的单数 +某地某时某地某时 vThere is + 不可数名词不可数名词 + 某地某时某地某时vThere are + 可数名词的复数可数名词的复数 + 某地某时某地某时 v我家房前有个小花园。我家房前有个小花园。 vThere is a small garden in front of my housev瓶子里有些水。瓶子里有些水。vThere is some water in the bottle. v桌子下面有几个球。桌子下面有几个球。vThere are some balls under the desk. v2、否定句：、否定句：vThere isnt +a / an+可数名词的单数可数名词的单数+某地某地/某时某时 vThere isnt (any) + 不可数名词不可数名词 + 某地某时某地某时vThere arent (any)+ 可数名词的复数可数名词的复数+某地某地/某时某时 v树上没有鸟。树上没有鸟。vThere isnt a bird in the tree.v盘子里没有面包。盘子里没有面包。vThere isnt any bread in the plate.v草地上没有兔子。草地上没有兔子。vThere arent any rabbits on the grass.v3、一般疑问句、一般疑问句v一般疑问句要把一般疑问句要把be提到提到there前，句末加问号。如果句前，句末加问号。如果句中有中有some，要改为，要改为any。v结构：结构：Be + there +（any）+主语主语+介词短语介词短语+？v门后有支猫吗？门后有支猫吗？vIs there a cat behind the door? v不，没有。不，没有。vNo，there isnt. v花园里有花吗？花园里有花吗？vAre there any flowers in the garden？v是的，有。是的，有。 Yes，there are4、特殊疑问句、特殊疑问句（1）对）对There be结构中作结构中作主语主语的的名词名词提问，无论提问，无论主语是单数、复数形式，习惯用主语是单数、复数形式，习惯用 “Whats + 介词短语（介词介词短语（介词+地点名词）地点名词） + ？” 中间通常不用中间通常不用there，例如：，例如：v1.There is a bike under the treev Whats under the tree ?v2.There are many books on the tablev Whats on the table ?v(2) 就就There be结构中名词前表结构中名词前表数量的词数量的词提问，提问，习惯用法是习惯用法是 “How many + 可数名词可数名词(复数复数) + are there + 某地某地 (某时某时) ”，如果是不可数名词，如果是不可数名词要用要用 how much。例如：。例如：v1 There is only a teacher in the classroomvHow many teachers are there in the classroom?v2There are twenty-four hours in a dayvHow many hours are there in a day?v3 There is some milk in the fridge vHow much milk is there in the fridge？经典点拨经典点拨v就划线部分提问就划线部分提问vThere are ten books on the desk.v vWhats on the desk?vHow many books are there on the desk?vWhere are ten books? （3）就）就there be结构中的地点状语提问要用结构中的地点状语提问要用where。5、主谓一致、主谓一致v在在There be结构中，结构中，be后若有多个主语，后若有多个主语，be (isare)的变化应根据靠近它的那个主语而定：的变化应根据靠近它的那个主语而定：若若靠近它的是可数名词单数或不可数名词，则用靠近它的是可数名词单数或不可数名词，则用is；若靠近它的是可数名词复数，则用若靠近它的是可数名词复数，则用are，这叫英，这叫英语中的语中的“就近原则就近原则”。如：。如：v1.There a lamp，a mirror，a computer and some books on the deskv2.There some rice and vegetables in the bowlv3.There some pencils，some rules and a pen in the pencil-boxesisisareThere be结构用法口诀vThere 开头开头,be是有，是有，v真正主语在真正主语在be后。后。v主语三单用主语三单用is，v主语复数就用主语复数就用are。v否定否定be后加后加not，v疑问疑问be在在there前。前。v地点状语在最后，地点状语在最后， v就近一致记心头。就近一致记心头。 教你一招教你一招( ) 1. There a telephone in the room. A. have B. has C. isnt D. arent( ) 2. There many places of interest in Beijing. A. are B. is C. have D. has( ) 3. There sugar in your coffee. A. are B. has C. is D. be( ) 4. There a car and two bikes in front of the house. A. are B. has C is D. lies 牛刀小试牛刀小试CACCv( ) 5. there any apples and milk in the v fridge? Yes, there are some.v A. Are B. Is C. Have D. Hasv( ) 6. There arent dormitory buildings v in our school.v A. some B. a C. any D. anv( ) 7. in the basket? v some bread and bananasv AWheres；Therere BWhats；theresv CWhatre；Theres DWhats；thererev( )8. Is there any milk in the bottle？ v A. Yes, theres B. Yes, there arev C. No, there is D. No, there isntACBD3、表示方位的介词用法图解、表示方位的介词用法图解4、部分介词短语的区别、部分介词短语的区别(1 ) 在在前面：前面：我们的教室前面有块黑板。（我们的教室前面有块黑板。（在范围之内在范围之内）There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom我们家的房前有些树。（我们家的房前有些树。（在范围之外在范围之外）There are some trees in front of our housev 在树上在树上v看看!树上有只鸟。（外来物）树上有只鸟。（外来物）vLook! Theres a bird in the treev看！树上有很多苹果。（长在树上的）看！树上有很多苹果。（长在树上的）vLook! Therere many apples on the tree (3)在墙上在墙上 on the wall（在墙的表面上）（在墙的表面上）vin the wall 镶入墙内镶入墙内 (门、窗、洞门、窗、洞)v墙上有一幅中国地图。墙上有一幅中国地图。vThere is a map of China on the wallv墙上有两扇窗户和一扇门。墙上有两扇窗户和一扇门。vThere are two windows and one door in the wallvReview of this lessonv1. there be 结构结构v句型句型 There is / are + 主语主语 + 介词短语介词短语v There isnt / arent + 主语主语 + 介词短语介词短语v Is / Are there + 主语主语 + 介词短语介词短语 + ?v Whats + 介词短语（介词介词短语（介词+地点名词）地点名词） + ？v How many + 可数名词可数名词(复数复数) + are there +介词短语介词短语+ ？v How much + 不可数名词不可数名词+ is there +介词短语介词短语 + ？v用法口诀用法口诀 There be放句前，主语跟在放句前，主语跟在be后面。后面。v 单数不可数用单数不可数用is，复数用，复数用are最明显。最明显。v 否定否定be后加后加not，疑问，疑问be在在there前。前。v 介词短语表地点，介词短语表地点， “某处有某物某处有某物”记心间。记心间。 v2. 方位介词方位介词vin, on, at, under, behind, beside, next to, near, along, vacross / across from, betweenand , from to , vin front of / in the front of, on the tree / in the tree, on the wall / in the wallv Goodbye!6、There be 结构和结构和have/has的区别的区别v两者都表示两者都表示“有有”。vhave /has表示表示“某人某人/某物某物拥有拥有”，vthere is /are表示表示“某地或某时某地或某时存在存在某人某人/某物某物”。例如：例如：v1.我们有两个篮球。（篮球为我们拥有）我们有两个篮球。（篮球为我们拥有）vWe have two basketballsv2.这个房间有四个窗户。（窗户属房间所有）这个房间有四个窗户。（窗户属房间所有）vThe room has four windows v3.屋里有三个学生。（表存在）屋里有三个学生。（表存在）vThere are three students in the room 在翻译在翻译“有有”时，很多同学搞不清用时，很多同学搞不清用have /has还是用还是用there is /are。告诉大家一个小窍门：。告诉大家一个小窍门： 在汉语句首加个在汉语句首加个“在在”字句子仍通顺，就用字句子仍通顺，就用there is /are。如不通顺就用如不通顺就用have /has。例如：。例如：v（在在）我桌上有本书。加）我桌上有本书。加“在在”句子仍通顺，句子仍通顺，用用there is /are。vThere is a book on my desk.v（在在）我有本书。加）我有本书。加“在在”句子不通顺，用句子不通顺，用have /has。vI have a book. 7、如何翻译、如何翻译“有有”？There be常用时态及句型变化1There is/are +地点地点2There was/were . +地点地点3There is going to /will +be . +地点地点4There +情态动词情态动词+be . +地点地点5There +used to +be. +地点地点6There is/are .+V-ing+地点地点以不变以不变应万变应万变中考考点链接1对基本概念的考查对基本概念的考查2考查主谓一致考查主谓一致3考查与考查与have/has的区别的区别4对反意疑问句的考查对反意疑问句的考查5对对V.ing的考查的考查6对冠词的考查对冠词的考查以不变以不变应万变应万变对基本概念的考查v1.What did you see on the desk? There _ a bottle of orange. 2010北京宣武区北京宣武区 A. was B. were C. has D. hadv2. There _ an English film here tomorrow. 2011武汉武汉 A. has B. is going to be C. will haveback考查主谓一致v( )1. There _ two knives in the pencil box. 09哈尔滨哈尔滨 A. are B. be C. is D. amv( ) 2. There _ a pair of shoes under the bed. The shoes _ mine. 2011达州达州 A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; areback考查与have/has的区别v1. There _ a football game in our school next week. 2010南充南充 A. has B. is going to be C. have D. is going to havev2. There _a football match on TV this evening. 2011陕西陕西 A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to haveback反意疑问句的考查v1. There is a beautiful clock on the wall, _? 2010桂林桂林 A. isnt there B. is there C. isnt it D. doesnt itv2. There is little milk in the bottle, _?2011广东广东 A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt there D. is thereback对名词后v-ing考查1.There is a cat _ under the desk. A. lying B. lied C. lies2.There are some students _ computer games. 2011巴中巴中 A. played B. plays C. playingback对冠词的考查1.There is _“M” in the word “milk”. 2010达州达州 A. a B. an C./ D. the2.There is _ “u” in this word “us”. 2011西安西安 A. a B. an C./ D. the3.There is _ “s” in this word “use”. 2009成都成都 A. a B. an C./ D. the