2022年英语语法练习分类汇编-情态动词和虚拟语气 .pdf

高考英语总复习（五年高考） （三年联考）精品题库：第四章 语法练习分类汇编第八章 情态动词和虚拟语气第一部分近年高考题荟萃高考题1. (09 安徽 29) Some people who don t like to talk much are not necessarily shy ；they just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would 答案B 2. (09 北京 25) One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A. need B. must C. should D. can 答案 B 3. (09 福建 35) But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 答案 B解 析虚 拟 语 气 。 此 处 虚 拟 语 气 表 示 与 过 去 事 实 相 反 ， 句 子 谓 语 动 词 用would/should/could/might + have done结构，故选B。4. (09 湖南 30) It s the office! So you know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry. A. must B. will C. may D. need 答案 A解析句意为：这是办公室！因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。must 表示 “ 绝不 ” 的意思。5. (09 海南 25) What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelve A. should B. would C. will D. shall 答案A解析你这是什么意思，只有十张票吗?应该有十二人。should 表示 “ 应该，应当 ” 。6. (09 上海 27) It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. A. may B. can C. must D. should 答案C 7. (09 四川 13) I don t care what people think.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 37 页 Well, you _ A. could B. would C. should D. might 答案C 解析考查情态动词的用法。答话的人提了一个建议 你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should 可以用来向别人提建议，所以答案为：C 8. (09 天津 15) This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might 答案B 9. (09 重庆 32) Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? She_in the classroom. I saw her there just now. A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been 答案 C 10. (09 全国 20) I can t leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back. A. can B. must C. will D. may 答案B 11. (09 江苏 28) He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. A. could express B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed 答案C2008 年高考题1.(08 全国 17) Liza well not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.A.will B.can C.must D.may 答案 D 解析句意为： Liza 极有可能不想去旅行她讨厌旅行。may well 很可能，极有可能，表示猜测。当表示猜测时，will 和 can 不能与 well 连用， must 只能用于肯定句中。2.(08 北京 21) John promised his doctor he not smoke ， and he has never smoked ever since.A.might B.should C.could D.would 答案 D 解析句意为 :约翰答应医生他不再吸烟，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。由句意可知空格处表示允诺，故应选精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 37 页择 D 项。3.(08 天津 6) She have left school， for her bike is still here. A.can t B.wouldn t C.shouldn t D.neednt 答案 A 解析句意为：她不可能离开了学校，因为她的自行车仍然在这儿。can t 表示不可能；wouldn t have done 表虚拟； shouldnt have done 本不该做 (却已做了）；needn t have done 本没必要做 (但已做了）。4.(08 江西 26) What a pity!Considering his ability and experience， he better.A.need have done B.must have doneC.can have done D.might have done 答案 D 解析句意为：太遗憾了！鉴于他的能力和经验，他本可能做得更好。need have done 本来有必要做（而没做） ；must have done 是对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测，表示“过去一定做了”； can have done是对过去发生的事情的不肯定的推测；might have done 表示 “本来可以”。5.(08 湖南 28) You don t have to know the name of the author to find a book.You find the book by the title.A.must B.need C.can D.would 答案 C 解析句意为： 要找到一本书你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根据书的标题找到这本书。 can 表示“可以，能够” 。6.(08 陕西 9) What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? Well ， it be big that s not important.A.mustn t B.needn t C.can t D.won t 答案 B 解析句意为：“你想要什么样的房子？要大的吗？”“噢，它不需要很大，那不重要。”由.thats not important. 这一语境可知，空格处应表示“不需要”，故须用 neednt。7.(08 四川 10) Although this sound like a simple task，great care is needed.A.must B.may C.shall D.should 答案 B 解析句意为：尽管这听起来可能像一项简单的任务，但是需要非常仔细。must 一定，必须； may 可能，可以；精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 37 页shall 将要； should 应该。各自表达的意义不同，选may 最妥当。8.(08 重庆 30) I can t find my purse anywhere. You have lost it while shopping.A.may B.can C.should D.would 答案 A 解析may 表达推测之意，意为“可能”。9.(08 浙江 11) You be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!A.wouldn t B.can t C.mustn t D.neednt 答案 B 解析句意为：你不可能饿了，你两个小时之前才吃的午饭！cant 指不可能； mustnt表猜测时，不能用于否定句；Neednt 指没有必要。10.(08 福建 24) It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it be rather cold sometimes.A.must B.can C.should D.would 答案 B 解析must 必然，一定； can 可能； should 应该； would（过去）将，总会。本题提供的语境是“有时可能会”。11.(08 辽宁 22) Peter be really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general.A.shall B.should C.can D.must 答案 C 解析句意为：虽然彼得总体上来说是一个好人，但有时真的难以相处。can 在这里不表示主观的推测，而表示客观的可能性。12.(08 江苏 35) I m sorry.I at you the other day. Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldn t shoutB.shouldn t have shoutedC.mustn t shoutD.mustn t have shouted答案 B 解析句意为：“对不起，几天前我本不应该朝你大喊大叫的。” “不要放在心上。我自己有点情绪失控。 ”shouldnt have done sth.本不应该做某事(但已经做了 )。13.(08 山东 24) Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we it 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 37 页without you.A.can manage B.could have managedC.could manage D.can have managed 答案 B 解析could have done 本能够做某事（但没做）。2004-07 年高考题A组1.(07 全国 27) How s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It be， but it is now heavily polluted.A.will B.would C.should D.must 答案 C 解析考查情态动词的区别。will 可用来表示“意愿；客观必然性等”；would 可表示“意愿；过去常常（现在也可能是那样的） ” ；should 表示“应该，理应” ；must 表示“必然；一定，准是”。结合语境可知，此处用should 表示虚拟。句意为： “这本来应该是美丽的，但是现在它被严重污染了。 ”2.(07 北京 26) In crowded places like airports and railway stations， you take care of your luggage.A.can B.may C.must D.will 答案 C 解析句意为：在像飞机场和车站这样拥挤的地方，你一定要照看好自己的行李。must表示“必须，一定”符合句意。3.(07 上海 29) Guess what ？ I have got A for my term paper. Great!You read widely and put a lot of work into it.A.must B.shouldC.must have D.should have 答案 C 解析由“have got A”可知是对过去发生事情的推测，故用“情态动词 +have done”结构。must have done 表示“必定做过某事” ，符合题意。4.(07 安徽 23) The teacher have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him，I suppose.A.should B.can C.would D.must 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 37 页答案 D 解析must have done 表示对过去所做事情的肯定判断，表示“一定”。5.(07 江西 27) Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. You it in the wrong place.A.must put B.should have putC.might put D.might have put 答案 D 解析考查情态动词表推测的用法。由yesterday 可知 A、C 两项错误； should 应该，理应； might 或许，可能，显然D 项正确。6.(06 全国 24) There s no light onthey be at home.A.can t B.mustn tC.neednt D.shouldn t答案 A 解析考查情态动词的用法。句意为：（家中）没有亮灯，他们肯定不在家。此处要用情态动词表推测，且用于否定句表示“肯定不”，故cant 符合要求。 must 表推测时不用于否定句，mustnt 表示“禁止，不许”；neednt 表示“不需要” ；shouldnt 表示“不应当” ，故 A 项符合要求。7.(06 全国 31) Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.A.was happening B.happensC.has happened D.happened 答案 D 解析考查虚拟语气的用法。as if 仿佛，好像，其后的从句可出现虚拟语气。句意为：Eliza 清楚地记得每一件事，仿佛它是昨天发生的！句中remembers 为一般现在时，故as if 从句中用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气。8.(06 全国 10) We hope that as many people as possible join us for the picnic tomorrow.A.need B.must C.should D.can 答案 D 解析句意为：我们希望尽可能多的人能参加我们明天的野餐。用can.表示可能性。9.(06北京 25) Whats the name? Khulaifi. I spell that for you?A.Shall B.Would C.Can D.Might 答案 A 解析shall 在问句中征求对方意见，主要用于第一人称。答语句意为：“我给你拼写一下好吗？”精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 37 页10.(06天津 11) We have proved great adventurers，but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.A.needntB.may not C.shouldn tD.mustnt答案 B 解析句意为： 我们或许还没有证明是伟大的探险者，但我们已取得了在过去的10 年里的最伟大的进展。故应用may not。11.(06浙江 19) Could I have a word with you，mum? Oh dear ，if you .A.can B.must C.may D.should 答案 B 解析考查情态动词的用法。句意为：妈妈，我可以和你说句话吗？”“噢，亲爱的，如果你非要说的话。 ”must 表示必须要做的事。12.(06福建 27) If it were not for the fact that she sing ，I would invite her to the party.A.couldn t B.shouldn tC.cantD.might not 答案 C 解析考查情态动词的用法。题中that 引导同位语从句。 “she cant sing”是一个事实，是指在能力、技能等方面不能、不会。13.(06湖南 32) Some aspects of a pilots job be boring，and pilots often work at inconvenient hours.A.can;have to B.may;canC.have to;may D.ought to;must 答案 A 解析考查情态动词的用法。句意为：飞行员工作的某些方面可能是令人厌倦的，并且飞行员经常在不方便的时候工作。第一空表示的是客观的可能性，应用can；而第二空说在不方便的时候还要干，因此表示客观上的必须，用have to，意为“不得不” 。14.(05全国 26) Tom ，you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! A.wouldn t B.mustn tC.needn t D.may not 答案 B 解析考查情态动词。 wouldn t 用以提示客气的请求；mustn t 表示禁止，不允许；neednt 表示没必要；may not 表示不可以。根据语境要求Tom 不许把衣服放在地板上。15.(05全国 19) John，look at the time. you play the piano at such a late hour?精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 37 页A.Must B.Can C.May D.Need 答案 A 解析must 在此处显示出说话人的不快，有“难道非要”的意思。16.(05北京 26) He have completed his work ；otherwise ，he wouldn t be enjoying himself by the seaside. A.should B.mustC.wouldn t D.can t 答案 B 解析考查情态动词表猜测的用法。由句意“他一定是已经完成工作了；否则，他就不会在海边玩得那么高兴。”可知是对过去发生事情的肯定推测。17.(05上海 27) There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A.mustn t B.shan t C.shouldn t D.neednt 答案 C 解析句意为：因为你在驾校已经训练了这么多，通过路考一定没有什么困难。本句中表达出劝慰对方的语气。mustnt 表示“禁止，不允许” ，表示警告或命令; shant 表示“将不会”；shouldnt 表示据情况推测“理应”；neednt 表示“不必” 。18.(05天津 14) I have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldnt B.couldn tC.mustn t D.neednt答案 B 解析考查对过去发生的情况的推测。couldnt have done 是对过去发生情况的否定推测，其肯定形式同样是对过去发生情况的推测，意为“可能已” 。shouldnt have done本来不应该，但实际已经；neednt have done 本来不需要，但实际上已经； must 表示推测时，只用在肯定句中。故选B 项。19.(05辽宁 26) This cake is very sweet.You a lot of sugar in it.A.should put B.could have putC.might put D.must have put 答案 D 解析句意为：这蛋糕，非常甜。你一定放了许多糖在里面。20.(05浙江 9) The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because itbe very slow.A.should B.must C.will D.can 答案 D 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 37 页解析此处表达一种可能性，要用 can， 其他三项都表示主观情态。should 应该， 义务，must 必须，一定，will 将会，都与句意不符。21.(05福建 31) Catherine ， I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks.You it.I could manage it myself.A.neednt doB.needn t have doneC.mustnt doD.shouldn t have done答案 B 解析考查情态动词的完成式和一般式的区别。neednt do 不需要做；mustnt 禁止做， 都用于现在的动作；neednt have done 表示做了本来不必去做的事；shouldnt have done 是本不该做却做某事。22.(05湖南 24) Lucy doesn t mind lending you her dictionary.She .I have already borrowed one.A.can t B.mustn tC.needn t D.shouldn t 答案 C 解析考查情态动词的辨析。根据后面的句子“Ive already borrowed one”说明她没必要借字典给我了，故选C 项。23.(05湖北 32) Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere. Well ， he have gone farhis coats still here.A.shouldn tB.mustn tC.cantD.wouldnt答案 C 解析由句意可知， “他肯定没走远” ，此处是对过去的否定推测，而且语气最强，故用cant have done。24.(04福建 32) I ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.You her last week. A.ought to tell B.would have toldC.must tell D.should have told 答案 D 解析考查“情态动词+have done”构成的虚拟语气用法。答语句意为：你本该上周就告诉她 (其实没告诉她 )。25.(04湖北 26) Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? Sorry ，I am not sure.But it be.A.might B.will C.must D.can 答案 A 解析“ I am not sure”说明说话者对情况没有把握，推测语气较弱，使用might 。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 37 页B组1.(07 湖南 24) The biggest problem for most plants，which just get up and run away when threatened，is that animals like to eat them.A.shantB.cantC.needntD.mustnt答案 B 解析句意为： 对于绝大多数受到威胁时不能起来就逃跑的植物来说，最大的问题是动物喜欢吃它们。Sahant 表将来 ;neednt 不必， mustnt 禁止，都不正确。2.(07 陕西 14) I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I have driven her there.A.could B.must C.might D.should 答案 D 解析本题考查情态动词。could have done（过去）可能做过；本能够做；must have done（过去）肯定做过； might have done（过去）可能做过；should have done 本应该做（而事实上没做）。由句意“我告诉你朋友该怎么去旅馆，但或许我应该开车送她去那儿。”可知应选D 项。3.(07 四川 24) What does the sign over there read?“ No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 37 页A.will B.may C.shall D.must 答案 C 解析shall 用于第二、三人称，表示命令、允许、警告等，此处表示警告。4.(07 重庆 29) What do you think we can do for our aged parents? You do anything except to be with them and be yourself.A.don t have to B.oughtn t toC.mustntD.cant答案 A 解析dont have to 不必； oughtnt to 不应当； mustnt 禁止，不允许；cant 不可能。答语句意为： “除了与父母呆在一起和做你自己以外，你不必做任何事情。因此A 项符合题意。5.(07 浙江 15) My cat s really fat. You have given her so much food.A.wouldn t B.couldn tC.shouldn tD.mustnt答案 C 解析考查情态动词。句意为：我的猫真胖。你本不应该给她那么多食物。shouldnthavedonesth 本不应该做某事（暗含做了）。6.(07 福建 25) My MP4 player isnt in my bag.Where I have put it?A.can B.must C.should D.would 答案 A 解析考查情态动词。由句意“我的MP4 不在我包里。我可能把它放哪儿了？”可知应选 A。can have done 过去可能做过而must have done “过去肯定做过” ，只能用于肯定陈述句；should have done本应该做过（而事实上没做） ；would have done 只能用于虚拟语气。7.(07 江苏 22) She looks very happy.She have passed the exam. I guess so.Its not difficult after all.A.should B.couldC.must D.might 答案 C 解析must have passed the exam肯定是通过考试了，由前句中的 “happy” 和下句中的 “not difficult after all ”可以推知。8.(07 山东 32) They two free tickets to Canada，otherwise they d never have been able to afford to go.A.had got B.gotC.have 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 37 页got D.get 答案 B 解析“otherwise theyd never have been able.”这一句用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气；而“他们弄到了两张去加拿大的免费票”却是事实，故用一般过去时。9.(06 湖北 31) fired，your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A.Would you be B.Should you beC.Could you be D.Might you be 答案 B 解析句意为： 如果你被炒了， 你的医疗保险和其他利益并不会立即取消。与将来事实相反的假设，从句用答案B 项。10.(06山东 30) May I smoke here? If you ，choose a seat in the smoking section.A.should B.couldC.may D.must 答案 D 解析由本题语境可知，空白处应表示“非得”之意，故须用must。11.(06江西 24) The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have takenB.could have takenC.neednt have takenD.must nt have taken答案 C 解析句意为 :昨天天气不错，我本没有必要不怕费事带把伞。could have done 表示“本能够做而未做” ； should have done 表示“本应该做而未做” ；mustnt 表示“禁止， 不许”；neednt have done 表示“本不必做而做了”。take the trouble to do sth. 表示“不怕费事或困难尽力做某事” 。12.(06江苏 21) I think Ill give Bob a ring. You .You haven t been in touch with him for ages.A.will B.may C.have to D.should 答案 D 解析本题考查情态动词的基本用法。will用于第二人称常用来表示命令、指示，意为“务必， 必须” ；may 表示“可能，也许”， 常用于请求许可； have to 表示“不得不”；should可用于表示主观看法、建议、劝说，意为“应当，应该”。在此句中，答话者表示同意对方的想法。答语句意为：你应该（打个电话），你好长时间没与他联系了。故D 项符合情景要求。13.(06广东 22) Must he come to sign this paper himself? Yes， he .精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 37 页A.need B.mustC.may D.will 答案 B 解析表示要求时，肯定回答用must， 否定用 neednt。14.(06四川 32) Is Jack on duty today?It be him.Its his turn tomorrow.A.mustntB.wontC.cantD.neednt答案 C 解析cant 表示否定推测，must 表示肯定推测。15.(06陕西 19) As you worked late yesterday，you have come this morning.A.mayntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt答案 D 解析句意为：既然你昨天工作得那么晚，今早上你就没必要来了。从意思上显示选择项表示“没必要” 。16.(05湖北 33) If I plan to do anything I wanted to ，I d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to 答案 B 解析句意为：如果我能计划做任何想做的事，我想去西藏尽可能地游览一番。观察一下句中的时态，因为都是过去时，句意表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此此处应用情态动词的过去时，表示的意思是“假如我们现在能够”，could 表示不存在的可能性。17.(05重庆 33) I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They at least 150 kilometers an hour. A.should have been doing B.must have been doing C.could have doneD.would have done 答案 B 解析must have done 用于肯定句中，表示对过去事情的推测，意为“想必是， 一定是”。否定句、疑问句中对过去情况的推测，要用can/could have done 的形式。18.(05山东 34) He paid for a seat， however，he have entered free. A.could B.would C.must D.need 答案 A 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 37 页解析paid 暗示时间上指的是过去，could have done用于肯定句中表示本可以做而未做的事情；肯定句中不用need have done; must have done与语境不吻合。19.(05江西 22) Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today? Something to him.A.must happen B.should have happenedC.could have happened D.must have happened 答案 D 解析本题考查情态动词的用法。must have done 的意思是“一定发生了某事”。由对话所提供的情景可知：汤姆从不迟到，所以他“一定有事”。因此 D 项正确。20.(05安徽 26) Helen go on the trip with us， but she isnt quite sure yet.A.shal