2018年度江苏高考英语试题和规范标准答案解析.doc

.WORD完美格式 .2017 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）英 语 试 题注意事项 ：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B 铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A 后的方框涂黑。2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt.z.x.xk?A. ? 19.15.B. ? 9.18.C. ? 9.15.答案是 C。1.What does the woman think of the movie?A.Its amusing .B. Its exciting.C. Its disappointing.2.How will Susan spend most of her time in France?A.Traveling around.B.Studying at a school.C.Looking after her aunt.3.What are the speakers talking about?A.Going out.B.Ordering drinks.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .C.Preparing for a party.4.Where are the speakers?A.In a classroom.B.In a library.C.In a bookstore.5.What is the man going to do?A.Go on the Internet.B.Make a phone call.C.Take a train trip.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第6、 7 题。6.What is the woman looking for?A.An information office.B.A police station.C.A shoe repair shop.7.What is theTown Guide according to the man?A.A brochure.B.A newspaper.C.A map.听第 7 段材料，回答第8、 9 题。8.What does the man say about the restaurant?A. Its the biggest one around.B. Itoffers many tasty dishes.C. Its famous for its seafood.9.What will the woman probably order?A.Fried fish.B.Roast chicken.C.Beef steak.听第 8 段材料，回答第10 至 12 题。10.Where will Mr. White be at 11 oclock?A.At the office.B.At the airport.C.At the restaurant.11.What will Mr.White probably do at one in the afternoon?A.Recelive a guest.B.Have a meeting.C.Read a report.12.When will Miss Wilson see Mr.White?A.At lunch time.B.Late in the afternoon.C.The next morning.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .听第 9 段材料，回答第13 至 16 题。13.Why is Bill going to Germany?A.To work on a project.B.To study German.C.To start a new company.14.What did the woman dislike about Germany?A. The weather.B.The food.C.The schools.15.What does Bill hope to do about his family?A.Bring them to Germany.B.Leave them in England.C.Visit them in a few months.16.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Fellow-travelers.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.听第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 题。17.When did it rain last time in Jurez?A.Three days ago.B.A month ago.C.A year ago.18.What season is it now in Jurez?A.Spring.B.SummerC.Autumn.19.What are the elderly advised to do?A.Take a walk in the afternoon.B.Keep their homes cool.C.Drink plenty of water.20.What is the speaker doing?A.Hosting a radio program.B.Conducting a seminar.C.Forecasting the weather.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35 分）第一节：单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分 15 分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、 B、 C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .例： It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是 B。21.Many Chinese brands,_theirreputations over centuries,arefacing newchallenges from the modern market.A.having developedB.being developedC. developedD.developing22. _not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.A.It wereB.Were itC. It wasD.Was it23.Located_theBeltmeets the Road,Jiangsuwillcontributemore to the Beltand Road construction.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.where24.The publication ofGreat Expectations,which_both widely reviewed andhighly praised,strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.A.isB.areC.wasD.were25.Workingwiththe medicalteam in Africahas_thebest in her as a doctor.A.held outB.brought outC.picked outD.givenout26.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20,halfof_it used to charge.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how27.He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he_.A.was being followedB.was followingC.had been followedD. followed28.In1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of_purposesis torelieveworldwide starvation.A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whom29. OnlyfiveyearsafterSteve Jobs death ,smart-phonesdefeated_PCs in.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .sales.A.controversialB.contradictoryC.confidentialD.conventional30.A quickreviewof successesand failuresat the end of year willhelp _youryear ahead.A.shapeB.switchC.stretchD.sharpen31.He s been informedthathe _forthe scholarshipbecause of hisacademicbackground.A.hasntqualifiedB.hadnt qualifiedC.doesnt qualifyD.wasnt qualifying32.Determining where we are _our surroundings remains an essential skillfor our survival.A.in contrast toB.in defense ofC.in face ofD.in relation to33. What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean? I t s nothing. Just something _. A.as clear as dayB.off the top of my head C.under my nose D.beyond my wildest dreams34.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents. But _explanations are hard to find.A.alternativeB.aggressiveC.ambiguousD.apparent35. Going to watch the Women s Volleyball Match on Wednesday? _!Will you go with me?A. You thereB. You betC. You got meD. You know better第二节：完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1 分，满分 20 分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Fora longtime Gabrieldidn twant to be involvedin musicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyat music students, 36acrossthecampus withtheirheavyinstrumentcases.37atschoolforpracticehours38anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to 39music, as he hatedgetting to school extra early._40_, one day, in the music class that was _41_of his school s standardcurriculum,he was playingidly（随意地） on the piano and foundit_42_topickout tunes. With asinking feeling, he realized that he actually _43_doing it.Hetriedtohidehis_44_pleasurefromthemusic teacher,who had _45_overtolisten.He mightnothavedone thisparticularlywell,_46_the teachertoldGabrielthathe had a good _47_ and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room tosee if any of the instruments there _48_ him. There he decided to give the cello（大提琴） a _49_. When he began practicing,he took itvery_50_. But he quicklyfoundthat he lovedplayingthisinstrument,and was _51_topracticingitso thatwithin a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.This _52_, of course,that hearrived at school earlyin the morning,_53_hisheavy instrumentcase acrossthecampus tothe_54_ looks ofthenon-musicianshe had left _55_.36.A. travellingB. marchingC. pacingD. struggling37.A. rising upB. coming upC. driving upD. turning up38.A. beforeB. afterC. untilD. since39.A. betrayB. acceptC. avoidD. appreciate40.A. ThereforeB. HoweverC. ThusD. Moreover41.A. partB. natureC. basisD. spirit42.A. complicatedB. safeC. confusingD. easy43.A. missedB. dislikedC. enjoyedD. denied44.A. transparentB. obviousC. falseD. similar45.A. runB. joggedC. jumpedD. wandered46.A. becauseB. butC. thoughD. so.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .47.A. earB. tasteC. heartD. voice48.A. occurred toB. took toC. appealed toD. held to49.A. changeB. chanceC. missionD.function50.A. seriouslyB. proudlyC. casuallyD.naturally51.A. committedB. usedC. limitedD.admitted52.A. provedB. showedC. stressedD. meant53.A. pushingB. draggingC. liftingD.rushing54.A. admiringB. pityingC. annoyingD. teasing55.A. overB. asideC. behindD.out第三部分：阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACHRONOLOGICA The Unbelievable Years that Defined HistoryDID YOU KNOWIn 105 AD paper was invented in China?When Columbus discovered the New World?The British Museum opened in 1759?CHRONOLOGICAis a fascinatingjourneythroughtime,from the foundationof Rome tothe creation of the internet. Along the way are tales of kings and queens, hot airballoons and monkeys in space.Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn whybeing a Roman Empe ror wasn t always as good as it sounds,how the Hundred Years War didn t actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a ratherunfortunate record.CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history, beautifullyillustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the storiesof famous people in historysuch as Thomas Edison and Alexanderthe Great,thisbookalso givesan accountof the livesof lesser-knownindividualsincludingthe explorer.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreadersyoung and old,and guaranteedtopresent even the biggest history loverwith something new!56.What isCHRONOLOGICAaccordingto the next?A Abiography.B A travelguide.C Ahistorybook.D A science fiction.57.HowdoesthewriterrecommendCHRONOLOGICAtoreaders?A Bygivingdetailsofitscollection.B Byintroducingsome of itscontents.C Bytellingstoriesatthebeginning.D Bycomparingitwithotherbooks.BBefore birth,babies cantell thedifference betweenloudsounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mothersvoice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes toembryonic learning (胎教 ), birds could rule the roost. Asrecently reported in The Auk: Ornithological Advances, somemother birds may teach their young to sing even before theyhatch ( 孵化 ). New- born chicks can then imitate their momscallwithina few daysof entering the world.This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer, abiologist at Flinders University in South Australia, and her colleagues. FemaleAustralian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over againwhilehatchingtheireggs. Whenthe eggs were hatched,the baby birdsmade the similarchirp to their mothersa sound that served as their regular“feed me! ” call.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .To findout ifthe specialqualitywas more widespreadin birds,the researcherssought the red-backedfairywren, anotherspeciesof Australiansongbird.Firsttheycollected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and afterhatching. Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number ofnotes. A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks,ranking them by similarity.It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like theirmoms. And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs, the more similarwere the babies beggingcalls.In addition,the team set up a separateexperimentthat suggested that the baby birds that most closelyimitated their moms voicewere rewarded with the most food.Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological( 神 经 系 统 的 )strengthsofchildrentoparents.An evolutionaryinference can then be drawn.“As a parent, doyou invest in quality children, ordo you investin childrenthatare in need?” Kleindorferasks. “Our resultssuggestthat they might be going for quality. ”58.The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means“” .A.be the worstB.be the bestC.be the as badD.be just as good59.What are Kleindorfers findings based on?A.Similarities between the calls of moms and chicks.B.The observation of fairy wrens across Australia.C.The data collected from Queensland s locals.D.Controlled experiments on wrens and other birds.60.Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which.A.can receive quality signalsB.are in need of trainingC.fit the environment betterD.make the loudest callCA new commodity bringsabout a highlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust（反垄断）regulatorsto step in to check those who controlitsflow.A century.专业知识编辑整理.WORD完美格式 .ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised bythe giants （巨头） thatdeal indata, theoil of the digitalage. The most valuablefirms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situationshave led to callsforthetechgiantstobe broken up. Butsizealoneisnota crime.The giants successhas benefitedconsumers.Few want tolivewithoutsearch enginesora quick delivery.Far fromchargingconsumers high prices,many oftheseservicesarefree(userspay,in effect,by handing over yetmore data).And theappearance ofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomers can make waves,too.But thereis causeforconcern.The internethas made data