2019年度上海地区宝山区高考英语一模试卷.doc

-!2019年上海市宝山区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1（15分）Tenyearold Annemarie Johansen lives with her family in Copenhagen， Denmark There are soldiers on the streets， and the country （1） （accept）by the Nazis There isnt enough to eat， and the world is at war Then the Nazis decide to "relocate" the countrys Jewish population The Danes dont know （2） their friends and neighbors are being taken away They dont know where they are going， either But they do know that it is wrong and dangerous and that they must help Number the Stars is a very powerful novel During World War II， the Nazis （3） （kill） millions of people in Europe Many of those people were Jewish But in Denmark， almost all of the Jewish population was saved Number the Starsis a work of fiction， but it tells the true story of the Jewish（4） （rescue）during the war The moving plot is driven by justice， danger and excitement But the book also deals with significant ideas that are much （5） （big）than the story itself Anemarie must learn that evil doesnt just appear in fairy tales Its a real thing that affects real people She must also struggle with questions of loyalty and sacrifice Who would she die to protect？ And is she brave enough （6） （make） that sacrifice？ Most importantly， Annemarie learns that （7） （be） brave doesnt mean being fearless It means doing the right thing despite the fact （8） you are afraid， Thats heavy stuff for a childrens novel I have taught Number the Stars to many classes at many different levels It has always been a popular choice It uses simple language and sentences It is easy to read and provides clear examples of literary techniques like foreshadowing（预示） But it is also interesting，and the characters are （9） （engage） The plot is full of tension Lois Lowry The author， has written awardwinning novels for young people Number the Stars is a remarkable example of the talent （10） has made her so celebratedSection BDirections：After reading the passage below， fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2（15分）A common B voting C effortsD elected E end F protestingG say H exercised I arguedJ equal K rightsIn most democracies today， people expect women to vote Women are just as able to make decisions about their （1） leaders as men But 200years ago， most people didnt think so As late as the middle of the 19century only men voted in most Western countries A few countries or states let women vote in local elections But women voting was far from （2） At that time， people believed that women belonged in the home That meant they should not get involved with public life But women in Europe， North America and New Zealand began （3） this situation They believed that they should have a（n） （4） in their governments leaders In 1792 an English novelist named Mary Wollstonecraft （5） that women should be able to vote， In the United States， Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were important figures They met while campaigning to put a（n） （6） to slavery In the process， they decided that women also should have more （7） Yet despite the （8） of these women neither Great Britain nor the United States was the first country to let women vote That honor goes to NewZealand， which changed their law on September 19， 1893 This was because of women like Kate Shepherd She led a group that presented petitions（请愿书） to their parliament three years in a row Shepherd is now honored on New Zealands s10 bill New Zealand was followed by Australia in 1902 and Finland in 19 zero six By this time， some US states and territories allowed women to vote But the country as a whole didnt give women the right until after World War I In many countries， the right to hold political office came along with the right to vote And women have （9） that right In many countries， women have even held their countrys highest office All of that is due to the efforts of women who fought for a（n）（10） voiceIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3（15分）The search for new， clean energy sources have occupied the attention of scientists and politicians for years One common （1） for green energy is the wind A new twist on this old resource could cause energy output of windpower plants to increase greatly Standard wind power plants rely on strong support and （2） can only reach the height of 200meters or so Higher than that， winds tend to be stronger and steadier， but the challenge is （3） how to obtain the energy from those winds Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences in Germany have formed a kitepower research group The group is working to develop kites with inflatable （可充气的） wings （4） to electrical generator （发电机） on the ground The research groups goal is to design a kite that can operate on its own for 24 hours Research has begun， but many challenges remain， including making the generator more （5） and perfecting the automatic flight control and structure of the kites Nevertheless， in June 2012， they demonstrated that their kites could operate （6） at an altitude of up to 700 meters Meanwhile， in Italy， researchers are working on a（n）（7） power generator that relies on kites when the generator called KiteGen， senses wind blowing， kites are （8） from the end of poles with highresistance cables to control their height and angle These cables are able to move the kites if the system senses coming object （9） planes， helicopters or even individual birds The kites themselves are light， tough and able to reach fairly high altitude The loop （绕行） around in the wind， which sets the center of the generator in emotion （10） electric current KiteGen has the （11） to be very costeffective in the long run After the original cost of designing and setting up the plant， little （12） investment will be necessary， apart from standard maintenance The plant also requires （13） little space， which makes it ideal for cities and means that multiple plants can be set up to provide even more （14） Kite power has the potential to greatly （15） on current wind power strategies In the future， it may be an efficient cost efficient supplement to the other sources of energy use or even a replacement for some of them（1）A resolutionB proposalC resourceD substitute（2）A generallyB frequentlyC continuallyD regularly（3）A carrying outB figuring outC breaking outD picking out（4）A chosenB appliedC collectedD connected（5）A efficientB completeC powerfulD positive（6）A activelyB passivelyC automaticallyD artificially（7）A strangeB similarC differentD original（8）A fastenedB revealedC tailoredD released（9）A except forB instead ofC such asD due to（10）A producingB inventingC promotingD developing（11）A qualificationB potentialC trendD intention（12）A normalB formalC additionalD alternate（13）A concretelyBabstractlyC thoroughlyD relatively（14）A energyB strengthC technologyD opportunity（15）A focusB extendC improveD transferSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）4（8分）Many people experience problems with their spine（脊椎） as they age The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down As a consequence， the bones， in the spine begin to rub against each other This further harms that issue as well as the bones The result is pain in the joints and， sometimes， in nerves near the spine This painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis Some people are more at risk of osteoporosis because of genes that they inherited from their ancestors Extremely heavy people are also more likely to suffer from this disease because their extra weight puts much pressure on their joints Fortunately， there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine The most important step is exercise Stretches can help the muscles around the spine relax and allow bones to shift into better alignment（排列）， Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around the spine However， people should not overdo these exercises as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect Another important factor is diet It affects the health of spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves These include B vitamins and omega3 fatty acids， all of which helps keep nerves healthy People can get more B vitamin and omega 3 fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores Another important factor is vitamin D which is essential for strong bones All of these vitamins and acids can be obtained from food Thus people can help themselves by including them in their daily diets（1）What does this article mainly explain？ A Various aspects of a medical conditionB The actions of viruses that cause illnessesC Drugs often used to solve the physical issueD The location of organs in the human body（2）How does the writer begin this article？ A By predicting improvementB By analyzing a series of dataC By introducing minor injuriesD By describing a gradual process（3）What can readers find in this article？ A A warning about working out too hardB A method for improving sleep qualityC A slogan used to promote health classesD A big criticism often aimed at doctors（4）What does the article imply about supplement？ A They are mainly for youngstersB They are commercial productsC They are now being researchedD They are seldom truly effective5（6分）In late March of 2018a tear in the earth about 15meters wide and 20meters deep suddenly appeared in Kenya， it cut across roads and even split houses in two This crack appeared out of nowhere after heavy rains and an increase in seismic activity Some scientists believe that it is further proof that Africa is slowly splitting apart Once a very long time ago， Africa and south America were one landmass before they separated Similarly， one day in the very distant future， a large part of East Africa will split off from the rest of the continent This will create a new landmarks and a new ocean The breakup is the result of plate tectonics， the gradual motion of different parts of the Earths crust When plates of the Earth separate and tear away from each other It is called rifting The result is rift valley Scientists dont understand the exact mechanism behind rifting But the result is very easy to observe in theEast African Rift System（EARS）， Thats why studying this part of the world is so important The East African Rift system begins in the north in Ethiopia， where three plates are moving away from each other Two of them are continental plates， the African and Arabian plates They are tectonic plates that have a large landmass above water The third is the Somali plate， considered a minor plate， which is steadily moving away from the other two But dont plan on visiting the new ocean anytime soon The plates are moving at a rate of about 6millimeters a year At the speed millions of years will pass before a new ocean is formed EARS is not all bad news for Kenya A rift valley is composed of an area where there is increased volcanic activity and thinned planetary crust This makes it easier to take advantage of the power of steam For Kenya， this might be an answer to the countrys electrical problems The drought conditions that frequently occur there make it difficult to produce energy But the geothermal（地热的） power plants going online in 2019will allow them to produce clean energy with very little water（1）What can be concluded from the passage？ A A war will certainty breakout in AfricaB A disaster will suddenly strike AfricaC A geological structure will change in AfricaD A new country will come into being in Africa（2）Which of the following plates might be surrounded by water according to the passage A East AfricaB Somali plateC Arabian plateD Africa plate（3）What problem may be solved in Kenya thanks to the cracking？ A PovertyB EconomyCDroughtD Energy6（8分）Are you worried about money？ If so， I have some good news for you Someone once said， "If all your problems can be solved with money， then you dont have any" I get the point Unless you are on the edge of losing everything and living in your car （which is a very sad thing that happens to people every day）， your perceptions of your problems may not be serving you well Lets take a look Can you pay your living expenses and support your family？ If so you are OK Even if you are a family that just barely breaks even every month， you have to count that as a blessing， Most of us also have those terrible， surprising unexpected bills But unless you youre your job or your mind， dont you always find a way to take care of those expenses？ PERTINENT（切中要害的） QUESTIONS To see if you worry too much about finances， ask yourself a couple of questions Do you wake up worried about money？ Do you check your bank balance and look at upcoming bills more than once every few days or even multiple times a day？ If so， then you may have a little financial insecurity going on Lets look at getting it under control If its making you crazy， it can make your family a little crazy too This type of anxiousness is passed on to others， which is important to remember whenever you have the urge to share your fears TOO MUCH INFORMATION TMI （too much information） happens because it seems that by releasing Pentup（压抑的）feelings of anxiety you will feel better and hopefully more supported and that this can happen but not with your loved ones because