2022年高考英语语法精讲精练精析交际用语 .pdf
专题十六交际用语英语中的交际用语是用来进行双向交流的一种很重要的手段,因此是高考必考的一个项目。课程标准把功能意念项目分为:社会交往、情感、态度、时间、存在、特征、计量、比较、逻辑关系和职业十一个大项,六十八个小项。由于中英文化的差异,风俗习惯的不同,汉语和英语在交际用语的使用上有时会有不同。因此,学生在使用语言进行交际时,一定要注意说话的场合和背景,讲话要符合英语的习惯。切忌不顾场合, 或受汉语思维的干扰,乱讲一通。在平时的复习中,我们要尽量仿照教材或其他英语读物中出现的交际用语,逐渐培养自己运用英语进行交际的能力。分析近几年的高考试题,我们可以发现在单项填空题中主要考查了以下几个方面的内容:1喜欢与厌恶_ Im fond of playing table tennis. ADo you like sports? BWhich sport do you like best? CPlaying table tennis is fun. DIs playing table tennis your favorite thing to do? 【答案与解析】B答语题意为 “ 我喜欢打乒乓球” 。这说明对方问的可能是“ 你最喜欢什么运动? ”2看病 I feel sick, doctor. _ I am not sure, but I have got a bad headache. AHow long have you been sick? BIm sorry to hear that. CHow are you feeling now? DDo you have a fever? 【答案与解析】D根据下文病人的答语I am not sure 可知医生问的是“ 你发烧吗?3.责备和抱怨I was really anxious about you. You shouldnt have left without a word. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 35 页_ AWhy not?BReally? CI dont know. DIm terribly sorry. 【答案与解析】D做了错事理应表示歉意。4约会When shall we meet, at 6: 00 or at 6: 30? _. AAt any time BYou make the time CWell, either time will do DAny time is OK 【答案与解析】C此题题干中的信息词是at 6:00 or at 6:30,表示两个时间概念。答语中的 any 不合适,因为any 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个。5告别Its getting late. Im afraid I must be going now. OK. _ ATake it easy. BGo slowly. CStay longer. DSee you. 【答案与解析】D客人道别,主人同意,然后道别。6道歉We missed you at this mornings meeting ,Diana. _, but if I hadnt had to meet a friend, I would have been there. AMe, too BIm sorry CNever mind DThank you 【答案与解析】B理解题干中miss(没有看到 )的确切含义是解答本题的关键,听话者必须对自己缺席会议道歉,并解释原因。7介绍Hi ,Im your new neighbor. My name is David. _ ADo you live alone? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 35 页BWhere are you from? CHi!Its good to see you. Im George. DOh,you are my new neighbor. 【答案与解析】C对方说出了是新邻居并做了自我介绍,你也要问候并做自我介绍。8问路Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is,please? _ Oh yes!Its past the office, next to a big market. AMm ,let me think. BOh, I beg your pardon? CYoure welcome. DWhat do you mean? 【答案与解析】A此题题干中的信息词是Oh yes!表明说话者有一个思考的过程。意思是 “ 哦,让我想想。”9.询问Do you think our basketballers played very well yesterday? _. AThey are not nervous at all BThey were still young CThey played naturally DThey couldnt have done better 【答案与解析】D此处 They couldnt have done better 是一句赞扬的话。说明他们已经尽了最大努力,不会打得比这再好了。10.猜测与预见Its been raining for a whole week. I think itll get fine soon. _. We are getting into the rainy season now. AYes, it will BOf course not CIts possible DIts hard to say 【答案与解析】D一方认为 “ 天很快会转晴” ,另一方则表示一种“ 不肯定 ” 的看法: 很难说(It s hard to say.)。英语中表示不十分肯定的表达法还有“It seems that. ;It looks as if.”等。11观点看法精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 35 页It took me ten years to build up my business ,and it almost killed me. Well ,you know what they say. _. AThere is no smoke without fire BPractice makes perfect CAll roads lead to Rome DNo pains, no gains 【答案与解析】D根据一方所陈述的“ 花了我十年时间成就事业,费了不少劲” 可知,另一方则表达了观点“ 不劳无获 (No pains, no gains)”。12感谢与应答Thanks for the lovely and delicious food. _. ANo thanks BNever mind CAll right DMy pleasure 【答案与解析】DMy pleasure. 常常用来回答对方的感谢。常见的回答感谢的方式还有:Youre welcome. / Not at all. / Dont mention it. / Thats all right. 等。13同意与反对Do you think I could borrow your bicycle? _ AHow come?BTake your time. CYes,go on. DYes,help yourself. 【答案与解析】D问题意为 “ 我能够借用你的自行车吗?” 答语表示同意 “ 好的,请随便吧。” 表示同意的用语还有“Certainly / Exactly / Sure / Of course. / I agree. / No problem. / Thats exactly what I was thinking.”等。高考真题探究( 20062011年)【2011 全国卷 I 35】Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes. Well, you married one. _ . A. You name it B. I ve got it C. I can t agree more D. You should know精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 35 页【答案】 D 【考点】考察情景交际【解析】句意:艺术家有时生活挺困难的。嗯,你嫁给了一个艺术家,应该是了解的。根据题意应选D。 A. You name it 表示全部说出来; B. I ve got it 表示我明白了; C. I cant agree more 表示我完全同意。【2011 全国卷 I 21】We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party. Yes, _ ? I ll give them a call right now.A. why not B. what for C. why D. what 【答案】 A 【考点】考察情景交际。句意:我们邀请约翰和芭芭拉来参加周五的派对好么?好啊,我现在就给他们打电话。从题意可知,说话人B 同意了 A 的观点, why not 为什么不,表赞成,故选 A。【解析】【2011 全国卷 II 6】Did you forget about my birthday? _ I ve booked a table at Michel s restaurant for this evening. A. What then? B. I m afraid so. C. How could I? D. For sure.【答案】 C 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】根据” I ve booked a table at Michels restaurant for this evening.”可知,答话人并没有忘记对方的生日,因此选择C,How could I? 表示 “ 我怎么能忘呢?” 。What then? “ 那便会怎么样呢? ” ,I m afraid so.“恐怕是这样。 ” ,For sure. “肯定;确定。 ” ,均不符合语境。【2011 全国卷 II 20】So you gave her your phone? _she said shed return it to me when she could afford her own. A. My pleasure B. Not exactly C. No doubt D. All right 【答案】 B 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意:“所以你把你的手机给她了?”“事实上不是,她说她自己能买得起的时候就把它还给我。 “Not exactly 表示 ” 不完全如此 “ 。My pleasure ”不客气 ” ,为道谢的答语;No doubt “毫无疑问 ” ;Allright“行,好 ” ,均不符合语境。【2011 山东卷22】I m sorry I broken the vase.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 35 页 Oh, _. It wasn t very expensive.A. you d better notB. I m afraid not C. as you wish D. that s all right【答案】 D 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意:对不起,我打碎了花瓶。-哦,没关系,它不很贵。根据句子情境上下文,用来回答 sorry.其他选项不符合英语表达习惯A.“ 你最好别那样做” 。 B“ 我恐怕不是这样”C“正如你期待的 ”【2011 山东卷29】Are you going to Toms birthday party?_.I might have to work. A. It depends B. Thank you C. Sound great D. Don t mention it【答案】 A 【考点】此题为考查交际用语。【解析】句意“ -你要去参加汤姆的生日聚会吗?-看情况而定。我可能得工作。” 根据回答的后半句推测句意选A.C 为“ 听起来不错 ”,用于接受某人的提议D 为“ 不用提了 ” 用于回答别人说 “thank you ”.【2011 江西卷21】- We need three single rooms for the first week in June. - _. The hotel s not busy then.A. No problem B. Don t botherC. Never mind D. It doesn t matter【答案】 A 【考点】考察情景交际【解析】 No problem 没问题。 Don t bother.别打扰。 Never mind. 没关系。 It doesn t matter.没关系前句问我是否可以预定六月第一周的房间吗?从后一句答语没问题,宾馆在之后是不忙的。所以前一句答语应该是肯定的并且语气十分肯定。答案:A 【2011 江苏卷35】You could always put the decisions off a little bit longer. _ If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance. A. That s reasonable advice. B. Isn t it a good idea?C. Do you think so? D. I can t agree more. 【答案】 C 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】 根据后面的句子If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance.可判断, 第二个人并精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 35 页不赞同第一个人的说法,因此反问 “ 你这样认为吗 ” 。 其他三项均表示赞同对方的说法或建议。【2011 安徽卷23】Oh, you sounded just like a native. _, I still have trouble expressing myself. A. Well, not qui te B.I don t care C. Yes, you re right D. I m glad you like it【答案】 A 【考点】考查情境交际。【解析】句意为: “哦,听起来你说地就像说母语的人一样。” “那里啊,我要表达自己的看法仍然有些困难” 。A 项为 “ 并非完全 ” ;B 项为 “ 我不介意 ” ;C 项为 “ 你说的对 ” ;D 项为 “ 你能喜欢我很高兴” 。根据句意选择A 项。【2011 安徽卷29】You can have a pet dog, but suppose you get bored with it in a few days? _?We won t, we promise!A. Then what B. All right C. How come D. So what 【答案】 C 【考点】考查情境交际。【解析】句意为: “你可以养只宠物狗, 但是假如过了几天你厌烦了呢?下一步会怎么样呢?”“我们保证不会厌烦的。” A 项为 “ 下一步会怎样?下一步怎么办?” ;B 项为 “ 好吧 ” ,表示赞同别人的建议;C 项为 “ 怎么会呢? ” ,表示惊讶; D 项为 “ 那又怎样? ” ,表示对某事不关心或认为某事不重要。根据句意选择A 项。【2011 安徽卷35】We got here Tuesday afternoon. _Why didnt you call us earlier? A. Good luck! B. You did? C. It s no surprise. D. You are welcome 【答案】 B 【考点】考查情境交际。【解析】句意为: “我们是星期二下午到达这里的。”“ 是吗?那为什么不早点给我们打电话?”A 项为 “ 祝你好运! ” ,用于事前的祝愿;B 项为 “ 是吗? ” ,是对对方回答的惊讶;C 项为 “ 毫不惊奇 ” ; D 项为 “ 不用谢!别客气! ” , 在美国英语中用于道谢的答语。根据下句话Why didnt you call us earlier?选择 B 项。【2011 江苏卷29】Linda didn t invite us to the party._? I don t care.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 35 页A. For what B. So what C. What s on D. What s up【答案】 B 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】 根据后面的句子I don t care.可判断, 此处表示 “ 那又怎么样 ” ,表示满不在乎或无所谓的态度。 A 项表示 “ 为了什么 ” ,C 项表示 “ 在展览什么 ” ;D 项表示 ” 怎么了, 发生什么啦 ” 。【2011 浙江卷1】I m sorry I didnt make it to your party last night._, I know youre busy these days.A. Of course B. No kidding C. That s all night D. Don t mention it【答案】 C 【考点】本题考查交际用语。【解析】句意为:对不起,我昨天没到你的party 那去,没关系,我知道你忙。选C。【2011 浙江卷17】Can I come and have a look at your new house? Yes, _! A. with pleasure B. I like it C. I quite agree D. by all means 【答案】 D 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为:我可以看到您的新房子吗?随时可以。选D。【2011 浙江卷20】I don t think Ill be able to go mountain-climbing tomorrow. _? A. And how B. How come C. How s it going D. How about it 【答案】 B 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为: 我明天可能不会去爬山。为什么?A. And how 对,正确, 当然啦。 B. How come 为什么,怎么会。【2011 四川卷1】I m sorry I didnt finish it on time. _. A. Fine,thanks B. No,thanks C. Thanks a lotD Thanks anyway 【答案】 D 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为:抱歉我未能按时完成。无论如何我还是得谢谢你。D 符合语境。 A精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 35 页为见面招呼用语,B 用于委婉拒绝,C 在表示非常感谢时用。【2011 四川卷5】 How could you be so rude as to walk in here in the middle of my class? _ A. Nothing much B. Nothing serious C. Never again D. Never mind 【答案】 C 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】根据第一句“你怎么会如此粗鲁地走进这里我的教室中间来?”可知答案为Never again(绝不再)。A 意为 “ 没什么 ” ;B 意为 “ 没什么大问题 ” ;D 意为 “ 没关系; 别介意 ” 。【2011 天津卷14】 I need to advertise for a roommate for next term. _? Mary is interested. A. Why bother B. Why not C. So what D. What for 【答案】 A 【考点】考察交际用语。【解析】 句意为: 我需要你为一个室友登广告下个赛季了。何必多此一举, 玛丽是感兴趣的。Why bother 何必多此一举Why not 为什么不; So what 那又怎么样呢;What for 为什么。【2011 天津卷2】-Just a moment. I havent finished packing my suitcase. _ . Its high time we left for the airport. A. Go ahead B. Take it easy C. Hurry up D. Thats fine 【答案】 C 【考点】考察交际用语。【解析】句意为:请稍等。我还没有打完包我的手提箱。快点 - -我们将马上离开机场。Go ahead开始,前进;进行;Take it easy 不着急; Hurry up 快点; Thats fine 那很好。【2011 陕西卷18】 Jack,you seem in high spirits. -_We won the match 4-0. A. Guess what? B. So what? C. No wonder. D. No double 【答案】 A 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为:Jack, 你看上去精神很好。 你猜猜看, 我们 4-0 赢得了比赛。 Guess what?你猜怎么着,猜猜看;So what?那又怎样? No wonder.难怪。【2011 重庆卷23】 Are you going to take part in the speech contest? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 35 页 _It s too good an opportunity to miss.A. No problem! B. That s for sure.C. Why me? D. Why bother? 【答案】 B 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为“你打算去参加演讲比赛吗?”“那是必须的。这是一个十分难得的机会,怎能错过呢?”只有B 符合语境。【2011 重庆卷35】Do you have Mary s phone number? Sorry,_. A. I dont know B. forget it C. here you are D. I can t remember it【答案】 D 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】 此题容易误选A。但是注意语境, “ 你有 Mary 的电话号码吗?”“对不起, 我忘了。 ”肯定不可能是 “ 我不知道我有没有Mary 的电话号码 ” ,而选 A 正是这个意思,故排除。【2011 辽宁卷35】 I probably shouldnt have any more cake. Oh, _. It wont kill you. A. go ahead B. hold on, please C. youre welcome D. thatll do 【答案】 A 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】或许我不应该再吃蛋糕了。别这样,它又不会要你命。【2011 陕西卷21】 We can give you a ride into town. _Thank you. A. Yes, why not? B. Oh, it would be my pleasure. C. Yes, please. D. Oh, that would be great. 【答案】 D 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为:-我们可以送你一程去城镇那太好了,谢谢您。Oh,that would be great.表示对对方的感谢。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 35 页【2011 福建卷35】My teacher says shes canceling the classplay. I just cant understand. _ .You were looking forward to it. A.It doesn t matter B.It s very unwise of her C.Don t worry about it D.You must be disappointed 【答案】 D 【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】上文说到老师取消了the class play,很是不明白。下文又提到你们都很期待,当然就非常失望了。10 安徽 - Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? -_, does it? A. It takes no time B. It counts for nothing C. It doesn t hurt to ask D. It doesn t make sense答案 C 考点本题考查交际用语。解析 It doesn t hurt to ask 意为“ 又不是不能问;问一下也无妨” ; It counts for nothing 意为 “ 这不算什么 ” ; It doesn t make sense意为“ 没有意义; 讲不通 ” ; It take no time 意为“ 这不花时间 ” 。 句意为“ -你知道 Linda 是否愿负责这个项目吗?-问一下也无妨, 不是吗? ”10 安徽 - _? -That would be great !Please drop me off at the library A. could you bring me the bill B. would you like me to give you a lift C. Could you tell me the postcode for D. would you like to have my e-mail address 答案 B 考点本题考查交际用语。解析句意为“ 你想让我给你打个便车吗would you like me to give you a lift?-太棒了!请到图书馆让我下车。”10 江西 Do you enjoy your present job? _. I just do it for a living. A Of course B Not really C Not likely D Not a little 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 35 页答案 B 考点本题考查交际用语。解析 of course 当然not really 委婉说不not likely 不可能not a little 非常前句问你喜欢现在的工作吗?从后一句答语我们知道, 他仅仅是为了谋生。 所以前一句答语应该是否定的, 而且答语口气并不强烈, 所以要用委婉的语气, 答案: B 10 山东 Do you think you could do without help? _. This is not the first time for me. A. Take care B. Hurry up C. Not exactly D. Don t worry答案 D 考点本题考查交际用语的使用。解析根据后置语境This is not the first time for me可知 , 答语应表示“ 没问题 , 别担心 ”之意 , 所以 D 项符合语境。10 山东 Her father is very rich. _ She wouldnt accept his help even if it were offered. A. What for? B. So what? C. No doubt. D. No wonder. 答案 B 考点本题考查交际英语在具体语境中的使用。解析句意应为“ -她父亲非常富裕。-那又怎么样?即使主动给她帮助, 她也不会接受的。” 表示“ 那又怎么样? ” 用 So what? 。 What for ?表示“ 为了什么? ” ; No doubt 表示“ 毫无疑问 ” ;No wonder 表示“ 毫不奇怪 ” 。10 天津 Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me? Sure. ? A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want 答案 C 考点考查交际用语。解析句意:劳驾, 你能帮帮我吗?好的 , 什么事?第一个人询问是否可以帮忙, 从第二个人的回答sure, 可以知道他愿意, 接着问 , 具体是什么事 , 用What is it ?意思是“ 什么事? ” 。10 天津Professor Johnson, Im afraid I cant finish the report within this week. How about next week? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 35 页A. Good for you B. It won t bother me C. Not at all D. That s OK答案 D 考点本题考查交际用语。解析 句意: 约翰逊教授, 恐怕我这周完不成报告。好的 , 下周怎么样?根据后面的How about next week, 可以看出 , Johnson教授已经确认这周完不成报告没关系, 所以用That s OK。10 全国 Everybody is going to climb the mountain . Can I go too , mom ? _ Wait till you are old enough ,dear. A. Will you B. Why not ? C. I hope so . D. I m afraid not. 答案 D 考点本题考查交际用语。解析句意:每个人都要去爬山, 我也能去吗妈妈? 恐怕不行 , 亲爱的 , 等你长大的吧。 Will you 用于请求第三者的同意, Why not 译为“ 为什么不去做 ” 用于向别人提建议, I hope so 译为 “ 我也希望是这样”, I am afraid not译为恐怕不行, 根据句意选择D。10 全国 Was he sorry for what hed done ?A. No wonder B. Well done C. Not really D. Go ahead 答案 C 考点本题考查交际用语。解析句意:他为他所做的事情道歉了吗?事实上没有。no wonder “ 不足为奇 ”, well done 译为“ 做得好 ”, not really译为 “ 事实上没有 ” , “ Go ahead ”译为“ 做吧 ” 。根据句意选择C。10 江苏 Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games? _. Ours is much stronger than theirs. A. Of course B. It depends C. Don t mention it D. By no me ans 答案 D 考点本题考查交际用语。解析 by no means 表示绝不It depends. 表示看情况而定. 10 陕西 What s the noise ? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs. -_ . It must be the window-cleaner working, next door. A. I m not sure B. I hope not C. I d rathernot D. I don t think so精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 35 页答案 D 考点本题考查交际用语。解析 A 项意思是:我不确信;B 项意思是:我希望不会;C 项意思是:我宁愿不;D 项意思是: 我认为不会。 根据应答句的后一分句意思可知所填部分表示对前一人的观点的否定, 故选 D。10 陕西What a fine day! Shall we go picnicking? . But we need to be home before six o clock for the football match . . A. Have a nice time. B. Pardon me C. That s great D. You are right答案 C 考点本题考查交际用语。解析 Have a nice time:祝你玩的高兴;pardon me:原谅我; that s great:那太好了; you are right:你说的对。 由问句中的shall we. . . ?可知表示征求意见, 由此情景可知此处选C。10 全国 -Is it all right if I keep this photo? -_. A. No . you don t B. No. it shouldn t C. I m afraid not D. Don t keep it答案 C 考点解析不同意对方的委婉拒绝方式。10 全国 Can I help you? Are you looking for anything in particular today? -_We re just looking.A. Yes please B. No, thank you C. Yes ,you can D. No, you neednt答案 B 考点本题考查交际用语。解析结合语境, 考查拒绝帮助的答语。问话者想给对方提供帮助, 答语者要么拒绝, 要么接受 , 但是要考虑礼貌用语, 所以不选A, 选择 B。10 辽宁 I ll do the washing -up. Jack, would you please do the floors? _. A. Yes, please B. No, I don t C. Yes, sure D. No, not at all答案 C 考点本题考查交际用语。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 35 页解析句意:我要洗刷一下。 杰克 , 请你擦地板好吗?好的。Would you please do . ?是一个表示请求的句型, 对该句型的回答, 肯定同意Sure. /Certainly. /Of course. / By all means. / Yes, do please. / Here you are. / Help yourself. (可以 /当然 /拿去 /请便。 )否定 I m afraid(我恐怕 )I m sorry, but (对不起 , 但是 )I m so