2022年高三英语高考考前知识点拾遗 .pdf

名师精编优秀资料高三英语高考考前知识点拾遗1“。也是如此”表达法 1）So+ be ( 助动词或情态动词)+ 主语，表示上文肯定的情况也适合于下文另外一个人或物。 2）Neither/Nor +be (助动词或情态动词)+ 主语，表示前面否定的情况也适合于下文另一人或物。 3）So it is with sb/sth 既用于肯定，也用于否定，陈叙两种或 = It is the same with 两种以上的情况。 # 思维拓展1） So+主语 + be (助动词或情态动词) 则表示对前述情况的认同或强调，注意前后是同一主语，意为“的确”，“确实”。2） 主语 +do/does/did+so(代替动词 ) 用来代替上文中的动词+宾语（状语），以避免重复。 Eg: 1)(2004,全国 )-I Would never come to this restaurant again,The food is terrible! - _ A.Nor am I B.Neither would I C.Same with me D.So do I (B) 2)(2005,安徽 )-Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. - _ A.So she had B.So had she C.So she did D.So did she ?动手练习1）If you dont stop to rest,_. 如果你们不停下来休息，他们也不停下来。（Nor will they） 2)- 李丽很聪明，但学习不努力。 - 是的，她的弟弟也一样。（ Li Li is clever,but she doesnt work hard.Its the same with her brother ）2.So that/in order that/in order to/so as to 1)So that (in order that):引 导 目 的 状 语 从 句 ， 从 句 中 的 谓 语 动 词 前 常 带may,might,can,could等情态动词。 2 ） in order to引导目的状语位于句首或句中。 3 ） so as to引导目的状语，只位于句中。 4 ） so 。 as to如此，以致于。表结果。# 注意： So 。 that 。只可引导结果状语从句。 So that。还可引导结果状语从句。1)(2005.NMET) I always take something to read when I go to the doctor s _ I have to wait. A.in case B.so that C.in order D. as if (A) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料2)Tom kept quiet about the accident _ Iose his job. A.So not as to B.So as not to C.so as not to D.not so as to (B). 3)The boy is so Lazy _ only a part of his exercises _. A.as, has been finished B.that,has been finished C.that ,have finished D.that,have been finished.(D) 3Though 与 although 1)相同点：这两个词都可以用来引导让步状语从句，同一句中如果用了though 或 although 就再不能用but , 但可以与yet 或 still搭配。2）不同点： although引导的让步状语从句常用于主句之前；而though 引导的从句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后；另外，though还可以用做副词，独立使用，意思是“可是，然而”。Eg;1)(2005.山东 )-Have you been to New Zealand? -No,Id like to,_. A.too B.though C.yet D.either (B) 2)_ the problem is rather hard,_ the boy worked it out by himself. A.Although;/ B.Though;but C.Although;but D.Though;and (A) 4. “发生”的几种表达 1 ）come about 意思是“发生，产生”，不及物动词短语，相当于happen,take place。常用于 how引导的句式中。 2 ）happen 强调偶然性。Whatever happens,we must keep calm.不论发生什么事情，我们必须保持冷静。 3 ）take place强调必然性或按事先的安排或计划而发生。 4 ）break out（战争，火灾，疾病等）突然发生爆发。 5 ）occur （事件等）发生存在。 # 注意上叙表示“发生”意义的词不使用人做主语，而且均不能用于被动语态。但是 hold 可以用于被动语态。Eg: 单句改错1） He happened a strange thing.(A strange thing happened to him) 2） Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.(been去掉 ) 3） At the beginning of June,an event was occurred.(was去掉 ) 4） How was the difference come about?(was改为 did) 5a great many 及其它“许多”表达法 1 ）a great/good many+n(pl) A great many ofthem(us)(代词 )/the(these,those)+n(pl) 2)修饰可数名词的有：Quite a few,many,a great many,a large number of. 修饰不可数名词的有：Quite a little,much,a great deal of,a large amount of 修饰可数和不可数名词均可的有：A lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of. Eg(2003. 上海 )The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took_ Pictures of them. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料 A.many of B.masses of C.the number of D.a large amount of (B) 6.prefer.v. * prefer vt 宁愿，较喜欢。 Prefer+n(pron)较喜欢。 +doing(to do)sth.宁愿做某事 +sb .to do sth 喜欢某人做某事 +sth .to sth 喜欢。胜过。 Doing sth to doing sth 宁愿。而不愿做。 To do sth rather than do sth宁愿做。而不愿做某事 = would rather do sth .than do sth =would do sth .rather than do sth Eg;1) Rather than _ on a crowded bus,he always prefers _ a bike. A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.rido ;to ride D.to ride,;riding (C) 7Trip,journey,travel,tour,voyage的区别 1 ） trip短时间来回的商业旅行或观光旅游，强调往返。 2 ） journey指长途陆路直达目的地的旅行。 3 ） travel泛指旅行，游历，是旅行的最普通用语，但无路程的含义，也可以指“具体的一次旅行”（常用复数形式）。 4 ）voyage 指海上旅行，也可指飞行航程。 5 ） tour “周游，观光”，常常有最后回到原出发地，目的多为观察或观光。Eg;1)-How long is your _ to work,Miss Tian Lily? - Only about a quarter. A.trip B.journey C.travel D.voyage (B) 2)trip,journey,travel,tour填空。 a.My father will make a _ to New York next week.(trip/journey) b.His parents are away on a _ by ship.(voyage) c.Did you go to Paris during your _?(travel) d.I made a _ around the Greek Islands.(tour) 8.feel like /would like Sb feel like sth/doing sth摸起来像。似的 Sth feels like +n 摸起来像。似的 Sb would llike to do sth 想要（做某事） Should/would like sth/sb .to do sth想要（愿意）某事/ 某人做某事# would you like . 或 would you like to . 是一种委婉客气的语气，因此常用Yes,please或 Sorry,Im afraid not 等比较婉转的回答。Eg;1) -Do you feel like _ there or shall we take a bus? - Id like to walk,But since there isnt much time left,Id rather you _ a taxi. A.walking;hire B.to walk;hire C.to walk;hired D.walking;hired (D) 2)- Can I give you a lift? -No,thanks,I would_. A.like walking B.prefer to walk C.prefer walking D.rather walking (B) 9. “穿，戴”表示法 1 ）wear(be wearing )+衣物；首饰；头发；颜色精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料 Have on +衣服；首饰（无进行时） 表状态 Be in+衣服；颜色 Be dressed in +衣服；颜色 2)put on+衣物Dress sb(oneself) (in+衣服 ) 表动作Pull on +衣物（ gloves/socks/stockings/boots .）Eg;Compared with Jack,Tom was always _ well and neatly. A.dressed B.wearing C.dressing D.putting on (A) 10.used to 及其它 1 ） used to do sth 过去常常于。 Be (get)used to doing sth 习惯于干。 Be used to do sth 被用来做 Its no use doing sth做。没有用 2)a.would 表示过去习惯性的行为，和现在没有对比性。而 used to 主要表示与现在相比，含有“过去如此，现在不再这样”的意思。 b.would 后只能跟行为动词，不能跟连系动词； used to不受此限制。 Eg.1)My father _ hungry when he was young . A.would go B.was going C.used to go D.had gone (C) 2)There used to be walls around the city of Bejing,_?(补充反意疑问句 ) （didn t/usedn t there）11 Spend;pay;cost和 take 1)spend:用于花费金钱和时间，它的主语是人，常用句式： Sb.spend some time/money on sth Sb.spend some time/momey (in)doing sth 2)pay：表示“花钱”时，主语仍是人，句式为： Sb .pay some money for sth 3)cost：表示花费时，主语是物，句式为： Sth.cost sb.money/time 4)take ：表示花费时间，句型往往是： It takes (sb)some time to do sth 考题： 1）Mr.Black_ $50,000 _ the new car. A.cost;on B.took;in C.paid;on D.spent;on(D) 2)It _ me 4 hours _ from here to Edinburgh. A.spent;travel B.cost;traveling C.paid;to travel D.took;to travel (D) 12.Owe 的用法及其它 1）owe vt “欠（债），感激，把。归功于”。常与介词to 连用。 Owe sth .to sb Owe sb.sth 2) 表示“由于。” because of 的复合介词，用法 On account of 完全相同，可置于句 By reason of 首，句末，作状语 As a result of 3)owing to 作状语时，等同于上述三组复合介词，作表语时，等同于due to 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料4)due to 只作表语，现代汉语中可作状语，但决不能置于句首。5）thanks to“多亏，感谢”作状语，大多置于句首，也用于讽刺的“感谢”。Eg;1)I _ you my best regards _ what you did when I was silk. A.pay;to B.cost;for C.owe;to D.owe;for (D) 2)_ the wise leadership of our Party,we have made great achievements during The last twenty years. A.Owing to B.Due to C.In spite of D.Beacause (A) 13.Agree v 同意Agree +with +sb 同意某人 Ones idea (opinion,what sb.said) 同意某人的意见（观点，所说的话） (food,climate)agree with sb （食物，气候等）适合某人 To ones plan(agreements:suggestion)同意某人的计划（安排，建议） On(upon)sth 就某事达成共识 To do sth同意做某事 That . 同意。（后接从句）Eg;用 with,on,to填空。1)we all agree _ what he said.(with) 2)His words dont agree _ his action.(with) 3)We have agreed _ the date of the the visit.(on) 4)Do you agree _ this arrangement?(to) 5)The food doesnt agree _ him.(with) 14.As 的用法小结 As 可以做介词，副词，连词，代词等。因此，其用法也较为复杂。现简列如下： # 1。As 作连词，可接几种状语从句。 1 ）（表原因）引导原因状语从句，作“由于”解。 2 ）（表时间）引导时间状语从句，作“当。的时候”解。 3 ）（表让步）引导让步状语从句，作“虽然，尽管”解。 4 ）（表方式）引导方式状语从句，作“按照，如同”解。 5 ）（表比较）引导比较状语从句，作“像。一样”解。 # 2。 As 作连接代词时，可接定语从句。1） 用于非限制性定语从句，作“正如”解。2） 与 such,the same,so,as连用， as 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作“像。一样的人或物”解。# 3 。As作介词时，意为“作为，如同”。# 4 。As 还可以构成下列固定结构： As a whole （总的来说） as a rule （通常，一般来说） as a result （结果） as a matter of fact （事实上） As follows （如下） as for （至于，说到） as soon as,so/as long as,so/as far as 等。考题： 1)(2005, 浙江 ) _I explained on the phone ,your request will be considered at the next meeting. A.When B.After C.As D.Since (C) 2)_ her hair getting gray,she decided to have it dyed. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料 A.As B.For C.With D.Through (C) 15Introduce Introduce vt. 介绍；引进 Introduction n 介绍；引进 Introduce oneself 自我介绍 Introduce sb. To sb 介绍某人给某人 Introduce sth .into (in) 把。引进（人）。 Introduce sth into sth 将某物插入某物16Once # Once : Conj. 一旦（表示条件） Adv. 一次；从前；曾经；一度（常与一般过去时连用） Adj. 从前的拓展： Once again/over/more 再一次 Once in a while 偶尔；有时 At once/immediately 立即；马上 Once a day 一天一次 Once upon a time 从前 All at once/suddenly/all of a sudden突然Eg.1)_ you set your foot on this land,_ never want to leave it.(once,youll) 一旦踏上了这块土地，你就不想离开它。 2)I _ read an article on reading _ Lu Xun.(once,by) 我曾经读过一篇鲁迅先生写的关于阅读方面的文章。 3)Take the medicine _ (once a day) 这药一天吃一次。17与 give 搭配的短语动词 Give in屈服，让步 , 投降 Give up 放弃（计划等）；让给 Give off发出（气味等） Give out 分发；发出（笑声，气味，热等）；用完；耗尽（ vi ） Give away送掉；泄露（秘密）；出卖（朋友等） Give back还给Eg:1)(2004.重庆 )After two days our food _ and we had to return to camp. A.gave in B.gave away C.gave out D.gave up (C) 2)Our teacher always gives us two or three hints( 暗示 ) before he _ the anwer. A.puts away B.gives away C.gets away D.takes away (B) 3）We must not _ for fear of choking. A.give in eating B.give up to eat C.give up eating D.give in to eat (B) 18Make 复合结构及短语 1）make的复合结构有常见以下几种： a. make oneself done 使自己被。例如： Would you please make yourself known to us ? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料给我们自我介绍一下好吗？b.make sb /sth .do 指“使。做某事”。在被动结构中，不定式要补上。例如： The boss made the workers work for 14 hours a day. (=The workers were made to work for 14 hoours a day) 老板让工人们一天工作14 小时。 c.make+名词 +名词使。成为例如： I made it a rule to go to the hairdressers once a week. 我每星期定期去一次美发店 d.make+名词 +形容词使。怎么样例如： The lights make the streets as light as day. 灯光把街上照得如同白昼。2) 常用短语：Be made of 由。制成（产品看的出原材料）Be made from 由。制成（产品看不出原料）Be made into （原材料）被制成。Be made up of 由。制成Be made in 在某地制造Make up 组成，编造，弥补Make sure /certain确保Make for走向；向。前进。Make fun of sb取笑。Make out 理解，辨认Make use 利用Make the best/most of尽量利用 Eg;1)Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. A.making herself hear B.to make herself hear C.making herself heard D.to make heself heard (D) 2)He accidentally _ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadnt been home For a couple of weeks. A.Iet out B.took care C.made sure D.made out (A) 3)We should work hard to _ our loss. A.make up B.make up to C.make up for D.make out of (C) 4)Though he had often made his little sister _ , today he was made_ by his little sister. A.cry;to cry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.to cry;cry (A) 19 Think 的短语用法 1）think of “考虑；想出；认为（表示评价）；打算做某事。”作“想出”解时同。如 Can you think of a better place for our holiday? 你能想出一个更好的地方渡假吗？ What do you think of his talk? 你认为他的报告怎么样？3） think up“想出”。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料The prisoners tried to think up a plan for escape. 囚犯们企图想出一个越狱计划。4） think well of sb/sth“对某人（事）赞赏，印象好”。Country music is well thought of by most young people. 乡村音乐受到大多数年轻人的赞赏。# 对比： think highly of 高度评价； think better of 对。有较高评价；印象不好；think poorly/ill of 看不起，轻视； Think much of 着重，赞美4）其它短语： think about 考虑，思考 think over 仔细考虑 think out a plan 想出一个计划 think of.as 把。当作Eg;Our English teacher loves us very much and he _. A.thinks well of B.is thought well C.is well thought of D.is good thought of (C) 20.build,found,put up,set up/form 与 organize 1 ）Build 表示“建设，建造”，既可以接具体事物名词，也可以接抽象事物名词。如：a.build a house/a factory建房子 / 建工厂b.build socialism/friendship/ones country/(up)ones body/health建设社会主义 / 建立友谊 / 建设国家 / 使身体强壮2)found 意为“创立，创建”，指创立组织，机构，国家等，既接具体事物名词也可接抽象事物名词。如：Found a school/a country/a party/a theory创办学校 / 建立国家 / 成立政党 / 创立理论 3 ）put up “搭起，竖起，建立”，多接具体事物名词。如： Put up a tent/a factory 搭起帐篷，建立工厂 4）set up “ 搭 起 ， 建 起 / 创 立 ， 建 立 ” 可 接 具 体 或 抽 象 名 词 。 如 ：set up a night school/an organization/a telephone line/home /a new record成立夜校 / 成立组织 / 架设电话线 / 建立家园 / 创一项新记录 5 ）form a.“构成； 形成”， 强调所构成的东西必须具有一定的结构或包含设计工作。 b.“成立；创立” 6 ） organize建设；筹备（活动，会议等）organize a football team/a concert/a get together/an English speech competition 组织一支足球队（一场音乐会；一次聚会；一次英语演讲比赛）。 # 表示“建造” 某一建筑 （物体） 时，用 set up,build ，表示“设立机构 （组织） ”用 organize,found,form,set up 都可以。Eg;动手练习：a.修（铁）路build a road/rainway b.建水库（ reservoir ） build a reservoir c.使身体强壮build (up) ones body/health d.组织一次郊游organize an outing e.中华人民共和国是1949 年建立的。 The peoples Republic of china was founded in 1949. 21 Through;across;和 over 这三个词都有“通过”，“穿过”的意思。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料1） through穿过，贯穿，通过，指从有形或无形的物体中间穿过，或经历一段时间。与 in 有关。They went through the forest.人们穿过森林。2） across 横过，越过，有跨越之意，与on 有关。He went across the road. 他步行穿过马路。3） over 跨越，从一边到。另一边。越过，或在。上方，强调两个物体不接触。The plan flew over the city.飞机飞过了这座城市。Eg:With the guide leading the way we were able to travel _ the forest not _ Air but _ foot. A.through;by;on B.across;by;on C.past;on;by D.into;on;by (A) 22. 表“参加”的词（组）的用法1）take part in+（决定，计划安排的）活动，常指参加较大型的活动。（积极主人翁的态度）2）join+ 组织（团体，政党军队等）3）join(sb)in sth /doing sth（和某人）一起做某事；参与正在进行的活动可指小型游戏活动，有时可与take part in互换。4）attend指参加会议，仪式，婚礼，上学，上课，听报告，听演讲，听音乐等。例： A.Many students took part in(joined in)the games.许多学生参加游戏。B.Will you join us in playing basketball?你能和我们一起打篮球吗？C.join the Party(the league,the arm,the club)入党（入团，参军，参加俱乐部）23 1）rank .vt. vi.意为“位居，占。地位”。“把。分类，分等级，评价。”。例如： Her new song ranks (the )first this week. 她的新歌本星期排行第一。 How do you rank her as a poet? 你把她列为哪一类诗人？2) rank做名词，意为“地位，等级，阶层；行列，队伍”。例如： A captain is below a major in rank 上尉军衔低于上校。# rank .among /with把。列在。当中 Rank.as . 把。当作。He can be ranked among the best students of this year. 他可以被评为本年度最好的学生之一。Eg:1)In sydeny the Chinese team got 28 gold medals ,_ of all the competing countries.(ranking the third) 2)Lu Xun is ranked _ the greatest writers of China. A.as B.with C.among D.both B and C (D) 24.reprasent V.& N 1) represent oneself as/ to be 自称是；声言 Represent sth (to sb) 向。说明；阐述；表达 Represent sth 代表；代理精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料 Representative 可数名词，意为“代表” Eg;Let me try reoresenting my idea to you in another way. 让我试着用另一种方式向你说明我的想法。 2)stand for 代表，象征 Eg: Our flag stands for our country. # 区别： stand for 和作“代表，象征”讲时通用，而代表某人或某单位或某国家是只能用represent 3)on behalf of sb =on sbs behalf 代表某人 Eg:1)UN _ the United Nations .Shen guo fang _ our government to give a talk at the congress. A.represent;represented B.express;stands for C.shows;represents D.stands for ;represented (D) 2)(2004. 长春 ) Mr wang was chosen to _ our school at the meeting. A.represent B.stand for C.instead of D.take the place of (A) 25.Come up with 及 come 其它短语 1 ）come up with 意为“提出；想出”。例如： Eg:The teacher asked a difficult question ,but finally Tom come up with a good answer. 老师提了一个很难的问题，但汤姆想出了一个好答案。 2)come up with还可指“追上，赶上” , 相当于 catch up with. Eg:Before dark we came up with them by the river side. 天黑之前我们在河边赶上了他们。 3)come up 走过来；（话题，议题等）被提出来；发生，产生；发（芽）； （价格，温度的）上升。 Then a bus came up and everyone got on it. 很快来了一辆公共汽车，每人都上车了。 4)come out 出来；（书等）出版，发行；最后的结果是 Come about 发生，产生 Come across （偶然）遇见（或发现） Come along 走吧 Come on 赶快 Come in 进来 Come up 抬头，上来，上升Come from 来（自），出生（于）Come true 实现，变为现实例如： 1）- Now,where is my purse ? - _ ! Well be late for the picnic. A.Take your time B.Dont worry C.Come on D.Take it easy (C) 2)At the discussion,Jack _ an idea that they should bring down the price of the bikes. A.come about B.come up C. come out D.come up with (D) 3)Things _ as we had expected. A.came up B.came about C.came out D.came across (C) 26.take 常用短语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 16 页名师精编优秀资料 Take away 拿去；使离开 Take back 退回（某物）；收回（所说的话） Take care 小心；谨慎 Take care of 照顾，照料 Take down 取下；记下；拆