2022年高考英语语法考点整理 .pdf

名师精编欢迎下载20XX 届高考英语语法考点回归导纲冠词、不定冠词要点： 对于 the 与 a, an的理解（弄清“ 特指 ” 与 “ 泛指 ” ） 牢记常见固定搭配（词组/ 短语） 牢记只能用the 或只能用零冠词的几种情况重点： 表示 “ 某一 ” 的意思时，专有名词及月份、星期的名词前用a 或 an a / an + 名词+ 修饰性的定语从句或介词短语 在句中第一次出现的名词不等于不特指，完全看语境的暗示。 有些名词如music、nature、society、history 前通常不用冠词，除非特指 序数词与不定冠词连用例题：1. _ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ head. （08 浙江）A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填D. The; 不填2. - Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? （2006 全国）- Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here. A. 不填B. a C. the D. one 3.I know you don t like music very much. But what do you think of music in the film we saw yesterday? （2006 全国）A. 不填；不填B. the; the C. the; 不填D. 不填 ;the4. I earn 10 dollars _ hour as _ supermarket cashier on Sundays.（03 年）A. a, an B. the, a C. an, a D. an, the 5.In_ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of_ heart disease by 76%. （06 湖南）A. a; the B. the;a C. a ;不填D.不填;a 6. I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _ keyboard. You shouldn t put drinks near _ computer. (06 北京 ) A. the; 不填B. the; a C. a; 不填D. a; a 7. What I need is_book that contains_ABC of oil painting. （09 全国 II ）A. a; 不填B. the; 不填C. the; an D. a; the 8. What_pity that you couldn t be there to receive_prize! （ 09 陕西）A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 9. In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language.（09 四川）A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 10. We are nearly of _age. I was born on the afternoon of May 1stand he was on the evening. A. anB. 不填C. the D. a 名 词要点： 常用的修饰名词，表示名词数量的词组辨析 名词的所有格( s / of) 及双重所有格(of + s) 名词的单复数与谓语的关系精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 11 页名师精编欢迎下载 名词辨析例题：1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. （20XX年）A. number, has B. quantity, has C. number, have D. quantity, have 2. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them. （ 03 上海）A. large amount of B. masses of C. the number of D. many of 3. The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a of 60 miles. (04全国 ) A.length B.distance C.way D.space 4. What s the _ of having a public open space where you can t eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?（08 福建）A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion 5. I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real _. （08 山东）A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business 6. -Shall we go out for a walk?（08江西）- Sorry. This is not the right _ to invite me. I am too tired to walk. A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance 代 词要点： 人称代词（主格/ 宾格） 、物主代词、反身代词 指示代词（ it, that, this ）的用法 it的用法：指代上文中的物或事；用作表示年份、时间、季节、气候的主语；用作形式主语或形式宾语 that 在同类事物的比较句中的用法 不定代词： ? another, other(s), the others? both, either, neither, all, none? one, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little ? each, every 复合不定代词： （与形容词的位置关系）-thing, -one, -body 例题：1. Both team were in hard training; _ was willing to lose the game. （20XX 年）A. either B. neither C. another D. the other 2. Shanghai is really a nice city and we decided to stay for _ two weeks. （20XX 年）A. anotherB. other C. the other D. others3. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _.（20XX 年）A. either B. the other C. others D. another 4. Little Anna s parents walked slowly, one after _, through the shallow water of a stream 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 11 页名师精编欢迎下载to search for her lost bag. A. another B. other C. others D. the other 9 One of the most important questions they had to consider was _of public health. （09海南）Awhat Bthis C that D which 2. The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to _ who can capture the tiger alive or dead. ( 07 上海 ) A. both B. others C. anyoneD. another 7. What do you think of the performance today? Great! but a musical genius could perform so successfully. ( 07 江西 ) A. All B. None C. Anybody D. Everybody 数 词要点： 分数、时间、编码的用法 hundred, thousand, million, billion, score, dozen + s + of 表示数量多 表示数量单位的词作定语的用法例题：She went to the bookstore and bought_. A. dozen books B. dozens books C. dozen of books D. dozens of books形容词和副词要点： 形容词在句中的位置（前置定语/ 后置定语/ 表语） 多个形容词、副词的排序 诸如 close 与 closely 副词的辨析 常用程度副词的辨析：very, much, (by)far, quite, rather, fairly, too, so, such, enough, badly, much too, almost, nearly, hardly, that, this 连接上下文的副词如， therefore, however, 形容词作伴随状语 形容词与副词的比较级与最高级：?不规则变化；?比较级的修饰词；?劣等比较；? 比较级表示最高级；?as as 的用法?more than 的用法? 倍数的表达?the more the more 的用法； ? cannot too?no+比较级 +than 与 not+比较级 +than 的用法辨析例题：1. As I know, there is _ car in this neighborhood. （20XX 年）A. no such B. no a C. not such D. no such a 2. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, _. （02 年上海）A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life 3. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _ Great Britain. （20XX 年）A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 11 页名师精编欢迎下载4. It was a nice house, but _ too small for a family of live. （09 天津）A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty 5. How much_he looked without her glasses! （09海南）A. well B. good C. best D. better 6. My uncle s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice _ expensive . （09 四川）A. as B. so C. too D. very 7. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives _ of my friends. (07 上海 ) A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully 8. A new _ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. (07 天津 ) A. normal B. usual C. regular D. common 9. After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _. （08 北京）A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tiredC. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired 10. Last nighy Mr. Crook didn t come back at the usual time. _, he met some friends and stayed out until midnight. （08 湖南）A. Meanwhile B. However C. Instead D. Yet 动 词要点： 连系动词的语法功能： （+表语） 延续动词和瞬间动词的转化 情态动词的用法：can, may, must, need, dare, shall, should, ought to 情态动词 +have done 的用法（ should/ought to/could/ needn t have done） 动词的时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来进行时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时） 动词的语态： （注意：用主动表被动的情况） 动词短语辨析、动词词义辨析 动词虚拟语气例题：1. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _. （ 20XX 年）A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive 2. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _from the university next year. （ 02 上海）A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate 3. 29. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front _ to arrive.（08 全国 I）A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected 4. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he _it. （20XX 年）A. doesn t mentionB. hadn t mentionedC. didn t mentionD. hasn t 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 11 页名师精编欢迎下载mentioned 5. I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn t get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time! (08 湖南卷 )A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked 6. Tom, you didn t come to the party last night? I _, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. (07 全国卷 II) A. had to B. didn t C. was going toD. wouldnt7. More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year. （20XX 年）8. They_ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they d never have been able to afford to go. (07山东 ) Ahad got Bgot Chave got Dget 9. They became friends again that day. Until then, they _ to each other for nearly two years.(07安徽 ) A. didnt speak B. hadnt spokenC. haven t spoken D. havent been speaking 10. The teacher _have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, I suppose. (07 安徽) A. should B. can C. would D. must11. 一 What does the sign over there read? 一“No person _ _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette ，cigar or pipe in this area. ” (07四川) Awill Bmay Cshall D. must 12. At minus 130 , a living cell can be _ for a thousand years. (07 上海 ) A. spared B. protected C. preservedD. developed 13. The news of the mayor s coming to our school for a visit was on the radio yesterday. (07福建 ) A. turned out B. found out C. given out D. carried out 14. - Sorry, I have to _ now. It s time for class.- OK, I ll call back later. （09 天津）A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up 15. The teacher stressed again that the students should not _ any important details while retelling the story. （08湖北卷）A. bring out B. let out C. leave outD. make out 非谓语动词的用法：? 理解非谓语的概念、基本形态（doing, done, to do）及时态、语态? 非谓语动词做主语（it 做形式主语；动名词的复合结构）? 非谓语动词做表语? 非谓语动词做宾语（it 做形式宾语；部分动词+doing 与 +to do 的辨析；动名词的复合结构；动词不定式做宾语时的省略）? 非谓语动词做宾语补足语（动词不定式做部分动词的宾补时“ to ”的省略以及在被动句中“to ”的还原）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 11 页名师精编欢迎下载? 非谓语动词做定语（-ing 和-ed 分词的辨析，不定式的主动与被动）? 非谓语动词做状语（分词结构的逻辑主语和主句的逻辑主语一致）例题：1. The bell _ the end of the class rang, _ our heated discussion. （20XX 年）A. indicating, interrupting B. indicated, interrupting C. indicating, interrupted D. indicated, interrupted 2. Finding her car stolen, _. （20XX 年）A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help3. Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! (07 安徽 ) A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking 4. Don t use words, expressions or phrases_ only to people with specific knowledge. （02 上海）A. being known B. having known C. to be known D. known5. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one s skin. （20XX 年上海）A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed 6. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.(07全国卷 II) A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close 7.Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tried D. to be tired 8. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it . （ 09 湖南）A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused 9. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need _. （20XX 年上海）A. that, to be improved B. which, to be improved C. where, improving D. when, improving 10. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week _ TV . （ 20XX 年）A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch 11. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. （20XX 年）A. causing B. being caused C. to be causedD. be have caused 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 11 页名师精编欢迎下载12. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （20XX 年）A. to smell B. smellingC. smelt D. to be smelt 13. English has large vocabulary, hasn t it? Yes, _ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. （20XX 年）A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known 14. _ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. （20XX 年）A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put 15. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _at the end of last March. (07 山东 ) Ahas been launched Bhaving been launched Cbeing launched Dto be launched 16. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. （20XX 年）A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. being taken 17. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch. （20XX 年）A. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. sat介 词要点： 牢记固定的介词词组 准确把握重要介词的用法 辨析意义相近的介词 双重介词如： from among, from behind, from across, in between, till after 分词介词如：considering, including, concerning, regarding 例题：1. The sunlight came in _ the windows in the roof and lit up the room. （20XX 年）A. through B. across C. on D. over 2.The home improvements have taken what little there is my spare time. （20XX 年）A.from B.in C.of D.at 3. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _ an inch. （20XX 年）A. by B. at C. to D. from 4. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area. （20XX 年）A. in B. on C. at D. with 5. The accident is reported to have occurred _ the first Sunday in February. （20XX 年）A. at B. on C. in D. to 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 11 页名师精编欢迎下载6. Its quite me why such things have been allowed to happen. （20XX 年安徽）Afor Bbehind Cagainst Dbeyond7. Scientists are convinced_the positive effect of laughter_physical and mental health. (07江西 ) A. of; at B. by; in C. of; on D. on; at 8. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _size and shape.(07 上海) A. on B. from C. by D. in9 I began to feel _in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. （08 山东）Aat home Bat heart Cat will Dat sight 10 I have offered to paint the house_a week s accommodation. （07 山东）Ain exchange forBwith regard to Cby means of Din place of 句法句 型要点： 感叹句（区别what 与 how） 反意疑问句： （注意宾语从句的反意疑问句） 强调句： It + 被强调部分+ that + 从句 倒装句：（牢记必须使用倒装的情况） 并列句：（转折、因果、联合、选择）? 转折： but, yet, however, ? 对比： while ? 因果： for, so, ? 并列： and, not only but also，either or , neither nor? 选择： or, either or例题：1. So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well. （20XX 年）A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did felt D. did I feel2. I don t suppose anyone will volunteer, _?（20XX 年）A. do I B. don t IC. will they D. won t they3. Mrs. Black doesn t believe her son is able to design a digital camera, _? （20XX 年）A. is he B. isn t heC. doesn t sheD. does she 4. You forgot your purse when you went out. Good heavens, _.（20XX 年）A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did 5. Only when your identity has been checked _. （ 20XX 年）A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in 6. It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headaches and aching muscles.（20XX 年）A. who B. that C. how D. what 7. Bill s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, _? （20XX年）A. isn t itB. is it C. isn t beD. is he 8. _ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 11 页名师精编欢迎下载in the forest.（20XX 年）A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring 9. Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? （20XX 年）A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 10. There was a loud scream from the backstage after the concert ended, _?（20XX 年）A. wasn t thereB. was there C. didn t itD. did it 11. Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.（20XX 年）A. has this city been B. this city has been C. wa