2022年高考英语第二轮语法专题复习教案 .pdf

名师精编优秀教案20XX年高考英语第二轮语法专题复习主谓一致 Agreement知识要点：在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定， 则要看句子的意思。 多数情况下， 根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。1、以单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：1）The book is on the table. 2）He is reading English. 3）To work hard is necessary.（ It is necessary to work hard. ）4）How you get there is a problem. 2、复数主语跟复数动词。如：Children like to play toys. 3、在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there 开头， be 动词与后面第一个名词一致。如：1）There is a dog near the door. 2）There were no schools in this area before liberation. 3）Here comes the bus. 4）On the wall were two famous paintings. 5）Here is Mr Brown and his children. 4、and 连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如果主语后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如：1）Jane, Mary and I are good friends. 2）He and my father work in the same factory. 3）His sister, no less than you, is wrong. 4）The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident. 5）He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页名师精编优秀教案6）Every picture except these two has been sold. 7）Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays. 8）Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert. 9）Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time. 5、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，and 后面的名词没有冠词。如：1）The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow. 这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。2）Bread and butter is their daily food. 面包和黄油是他们每日的食品。3）The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow. 那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。（两个人）6、and连接的并列单数名词前如有each, every, no, many a 修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：1）Every boy and girl has been invited to the party. 所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚会。2）No teacher and no student is absent today. 今天没有老师和学生缺席。3）Many a student is busy with their lessons. 许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的功课。7、each, either, one, another, the other, neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Each takes a cup of tea. 2）Either is correct. 3）Neither of them likes this picture. 8、由 every, some, any, no构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Is everyone here? 2）Nothing is to be done. 没有什么要干的事儿了。9、关系代词who, that, which 等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：1）Those who want to go please sign their names here. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页名师精编优秀教案2）Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out. 3）He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting. 10、表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。如：1）Three years is not a long time.2）Ten dollars is what he needs. 3）Five hundred miles is a long distance. 11、复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（如人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），动词用单数形式。如：1）The United States is in North America. 2）The United Nations has passed a resolution( 决议 )。3）“ The Arabian Nights”（ 天方夜谭 ）is an interesting book. 12、有些集体名词如family, team, group, class, audience （听众，观众） ，government 等作主语时， 如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；如强调各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：1）My family is going to have a long journey. 我家要进行一次长途旅行。2）My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜欢音乐。3）The class has won the honour. 这班获得了荣誉。4）The class were jumping for joy. 全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest 等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓语动词要根据实际情况而定。如：1）All of the apple is rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。2）All of the apples are rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。3）Most of the wood was used to make furniture ( 家具 )。14、the + 形容词（或分词）作主语时，常指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页名师精编优秀教案1）The young are usually very active. 年轻人通常是很活跃的。2）The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 现在伤病员们在这里受到了很好照顾。15、or, either or , neither nor , whether or, not only but (also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个主语一致。如：1）Either you or I am going to the movies. 2）Not only you but also he is wrong.16、不可数名词没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Water is a kind of matter. 2）The news at six o clock is true. 17、集合名词如：people, police ,cattle 等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：1）The police are searching for him. 2）The cattle are grassing (吃草 )。18、population 当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数。如：1）The population of China is larger than that of Japan. 2）One third of the population here are workers. 19、the number of + 名词复数，是表示“ 的数字 ” ，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a (large / great) number of + 名词复数，表示许多，作主语时；谓语动词用复数形式。1）The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year. 2）A number of students have gone for an outing. 20、means, politics, physics, plastics 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【专项训练】1、Nothing but cars in the shop. Ais sold Bare sold Cwere sold Dare going to sell 2、No one except Jack and Tom the answer.Aknow Bknows Cis knowing Dare known 3、Seventy percent of the students in our school from the countryside. Ais Bare Ccomes Dare coming 4、of the money used up. AThree-five, are BThree-fifths, have been 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页名师精编优秀教案CThree-fifths, has been DThird-fifths, is 5、The number of the people who cars increasing. Aowns, are Bowns, is Cown, is Down, are 6、One of Marx s workswritten in English in the 1860s. Awas Bwere Cwould be Dare 7、The sheets for your bed washing. Aneeds Bare needing Cwant Dare wanting 8、On each side of the street a lot of trees. Astands Bgrow Cis standing Dare grown 9、Some person calling for you at the gate.Aare Bis Cis being Dwill be 10、All that can be eaten eaten up. Aare being Bhas been Chad been Dhave been 11、Tom s teacher and friend Mr. Smith. Aare Bis Care being Dhas 12、Your new clothes fit you, but mine me. Adoesn t fit Bdon t fitCdoesn t fit forDdon t fit for13、Neither he nor I for the plan. Aam Bare Cis Dwere 14、Many a student that mistake before. Ahas made Bhave made C has been made D had made 15、Peter, perhaps John, playing with the little dog. Ais Bare Cwere Dseems 16、Laying eggs the ant queen s full-time job. Ais Bare Chas Dhave 17、Between the two buildings a monument. Astand Bstands Cstanding Dis standing 18、I, who your good friend, will share your joys and sorrow. Aam Bis Care Dwas 19、The United Nations in 1945.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页名师精编优秀教案Awere found Bwere founded Cwas founded Dwas found 20、were also invited to the party. AMr Smith BThe Smith CThe Smiths DSmiths 21、The glass works in 1959.Awere set up Bwas set up Cwere put up Dwere built 22、Three hours with your girl friend to be a short time. Aseem Bseems C is seeming Dhas seemed 23、It was reported that six including a boy. Awas killed B were killed Cwas killing Dhad killed 24、The police a prisoner. Ais searching for Bare searching forC is searching Dare searched for 25、Deer faster than dogs. Arun Bruns C are running Dwill run 26、The wounded good care of here now. Ais taken Bare being taken Care taking Dis taking 27、The whole class greatly moved at his words. Awas Bwere Chad Dis 28、Over 80 percent of the population of China peasants. Awas Bis Care Dwill be 29、There a knife and fork on the table. Aseems to be Bseem to be Cis seeming to be Dare 30、Those who singing may join us. Aare liking Blikes Cenjoy Dis fond of 31、His family music lovers. Aall are Bare all Cis Dare being 32、A professor and a writer present at the meeting. Awas Bis Cwere Dhad been 33、The pair of shoes worn out.Awas Bwere Chave been Dhad been 34、The students in our school each an English dictionary. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页名师精编优秀教案Ahave Bhas Chad Dare having 35、More than one answer to the question. Ahave been given Bhas been given Cwere given Dhad given 36、The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who from the countryside in our school. Aare Bis Cwere Dwas 37、Our family a happy one. Ais Bare Cwas Dwere 38、Most of the mistakes because of carelessness. Awere made Bare made Chas been made Dwere making 39、Most of his time in reading novels. Aare spent Bis spent Cwere spent Dwas spending 40、The rest of the novel very interesting. Awere Bare Cis Dseem 41、I know that all getting on well with her. Awas Bis Care Dwere 42、When and where this took place still unknown. Aare Bwere Cis Dhas 43、Not only the workers but also the machine not there. Aare Bwere Cis Dhas 44、Very few his address in the town. Aknows Bknow Care knowing Dhas known 45、Ten thousand dollars a large sum of money. Aare Bis Cwere Dseem 46、Twenty miles a long way to cover.Awere Bare Cis Dseem to be 47、Nine plus three twelve. Amakes Bmake Cis making Dare making 48、There are two roads and either to the station. Aleads Blead Care leading Dis leading 49、My father, together with some of his old friends, there already. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页名师精编优秀教案Ahave been Bhas been Chad been Dwill be 50、My family as well as I glad to see you. Aam Bare Cis Dwas 【答案】：1、A 因有连词but，所以谓语形式跟Nothing 一致，用第三人称单数。见讲解4。2、B 同上3、B 见讲解 2。 4、C 见讲解 16。5、C 定语从句看被修饰的先行词：the number of 作主语用单数形式。见讲解9， 19。6、A 见讲解 1。 7、 C 见讲解 2。 8、B 倒装句，要看后面的主语。见讲解3。9、B some person指“ 某人 ” 是第三人称单数。见讲解13。10、B 主语 “ all”指的是 “food ”，所以代不可数名词，是第三人称单数。见讲解13。11、B Tom s teacher and friend ，因 friend 前没有冠词，所以实际指的是同一个人。见讲解 5。12、B 根据前一分句的意思，第二分句中的mine 指的是 “ my new clothes”，因此主语是复数。13、A neither nor 连接主语，动词与后面的主语保持一致。见讲解15。14、A 见讲解 6。15、A 见讲解 4。16、A 见讲解 1，动名词作主语。17、B 倒装，见讲解3。18、A 见讲解 9。19、C 见讲解 11。20、C 因谓语动词是复数，所主语应是复，The Smiths 是指史密斯一家人。21、B works 在此句中是指工厂，所以是单数。22、B 见讲解 10。23、B six 在这儿指的是人，因此用复数形式。24、B 见讲解 17。25、A deer, sheep是单、复数同形，根据后面的dogs，前面的 deer 应是复数（单数前应有 a） 。26、B 见讲解 14。27、B 见讲解 12，因人才能受感动，所以the whole class 是指全班的成员。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页名师精编优秀教案28、C 见讲解 18。29、A 见讲解 5。刀、叉是一副而论，所以看作单数。30、C 见讲解 9。31、B 见讲解 12。32、C 见讲解 4，注意与第11 题比较。33、A 因此句主语是pair，所以用单数。34、A 因此句主语是the students，所以用复数。如果each作主语，谓语动词则用第三人称单数形式。如：Each of the students / Each student has an English dictionary. 35、B 此句中的主语是one answer，所以谓语动词应与它保持一致。36、B 根据句意，这个男孩是学校中唯一来自农村的学生，自然后面的定语从句的主语是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，又因主从句时态保持一致，故B 是唯一正确答案。37、A 见讲解 12。38、A 见讲解 2。39、B 见讲解 16。40、C 这部小说的剩余部分，还没超出“ 一” ，用单数。41、C 见讲解 13，不定代词all 在此句中代 “ 与她相处的人” ，所以是复数。42、C 见讲解 1，when and where this took place 是一个从句。43、C 见讲解 15。44、B few 在此代人，是复数。45、B 见讲解 10。46、C 同上。47、A 同上。48、A 见讲解 7。49、B 见讲解 4。50、B 同上。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页