2022年高考英语必背单词汇 .pdf
单词拼写必背一、一个星期七天1. Monday 2. Tuesday 3. Wednesday 4. Thursday5. Friday 6. Saturday 7. Sunday 二、一年十二个月1. January2. February 3. March4. April5. May 6. June 7. July 8. August 9. September 10. October 11. November 12. December 三、一年四季1. spring 2. summer 3. autumn 4. winter 四、容易拼写错的数字1.eighth 第八2.ninth 第九3.forty 四十4.twelfth 第十二5.twentieth 第二十四、亲属称呼1.daughter (女儿 ) 2.niece (女性晚辈 ) 3.nephew (男性晚辈 ) 4.cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) 5.aunt (女性长辈 ) 6.uncle (男性长辈 )五、以下动词加-ed 或-ing 要双写最后一个字母1.regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔2.control (controlled, controlling) 控制3.admit (admitted, admitting) 承认4.occur (occurred, occurring) 出现5.prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿6.refer (referred, referring) 提到7.forget (forgetting ) 忘记8.permit (permitted, permitting) 允许9.equip (equipped, equipping) 装备注意： quarrel, signal, travel 中的 l 可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词1.broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播2.flee (fled, fled) 逃跑3.forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止4.forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅5.freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰6.hang (作“绞死” 讲，是规则的； 作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung) 7.lie (作“说谎” 讲时，是规则的； 作“位于”讲时，其过去式是lay，过去分词是 lain) 8.seek (sought, sought) 寻求9.shake (shook, shaken) 发抖10.sing (sang, sung) 唱歌11.sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉12.spread (spread, spread) 传播13.swim (swam, swum) 游泳14.tear (tore, torn) 撕碎15.weave (wove, woven) 编织七、意思相近的词1.check / examine/ test 2.receive / accept 3.destroy /damage 4.celebrate/ congratulate 5.wear / dress八、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化1.longlength 长度2.widewidth 宽度3.highheight 高度4.strongstrength 力量九、以 -ic 结尾的动词，应先把-ic 变为 -ick ，再加 ing 或 ed 1.picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页十、个别名词的复数拼写1.German (Germans) 德国人2.gulf (gulfs) 海湾3.handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕4.hero (英雄 )，potato ( 土豆 )，tomato ( 西红柿 ) 等有生命的以-o 结尾的名词变复数时要加 -es。5.roof (roofs) 房顶6.stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs 而不是加 es) 十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化1.succeedsuccess成功2.pronouncepronunciation 发音3.explainexplanation 解释4.decidedecision 决定5.enterentrance 进入6.permitpermission 允许7.refuserefusal 拒绝8.considerconsideration 考虑9.discoverdiscovery 发现10.buryburial 埋葬11.concludeconclusion 得出结论12.arrivearrival 到达13.weighweight 重量十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化1.beautiful beautifully 美丽的2.possible possibly 可能的3.practicalpractically 实际的4.particular particularly 特别的5.successfulsuccessfully 成功的十三、其它必背单词1.abroad 国外2.absence n. 缺席(absent adj.) 3.accepted (NMET1997) 4.accident 事故(accidental adj. 偶然的，accidentally adv. 偶然地 ) 5.achievement 成就(achieve v. 获得 ) 6.address地址7.admire 钦佩8.admitting (2000 北京春季卷 ) 9.agreement 协议10.agriculture 农业(agricultural adj. 农业的) 11.altogether 总共12.ancient 古代的13.announced(NMET1999) 14.anxiety 忧虑(anxious adj. 焦急的，anxiously adv. 焦急地 ) 15.apologize v. 道 歉(apology n. 道 歉apologetic adj. 道歉的，apologetically adv.道歉地 ) 16.apologize/apologise (2000 全国卷 ) 17.appreciate 感激 /欣赏(感激人用thank sb；谢谢某人做的事用appreciate sth.) 18.Asian(NMET1996) 19.assistant 助手20.astonish 吃惊(astonishment n. 吃惊，astonishing，astonished) 21.astronaut 宇航员22.atmosphere气氛23.attempt 尝试(可作名词也可作动词) 24.attentively 专心地25.attentively(NMET1996) 26.attitude 态度27.attract 吸引(attraction 吸引力 ) 28.average 平均29.average(NMET1999) 30.balance 平衡31.beauty 美 (beautiful) 32.believe 相信(belief n. 信念，其复数是beliefs) 33.beyond 超过34.biology 生物35.birthday 生日36.bravery 勇敢37.broadcast(NMET1996) 38.broadcast 广播(过去式、 过去分词同原形) 39.carefully 小心(carefully) 40.ceiling 天花板41.celebrated (2000 北京春季卷 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页42.celebration 庆祝(celebrate n. 庆祝 ) 43.century 世纪44.challenge 挑战45.character 性格46.charge 收费47.cinema 电影院fort v. & n. 安慰(comfortable adj. comfortably adv.舒适地 ) fortably(NMET1997) ment 评论munication 交流petition 竞 赛(compete v. 竞 赛competitor 竞赛者 ) position 作文54.concert 音乐会55.conclude v. conclusion n. 结论56.condition 情况(conditions 条件 ) 57.confessing (2000 北京春季卷 ) 58.congratulations 祝贺(congratulate v.) 59.constantly 不断地60.construction(NMET1996) 61.continue 继续62.contribution 贡献(contribute v.) 63.conveniently 方便(convenient adj.) 64.conversation 谈话65.coughing(NMET1997) 66.cousin 表兄弟67.cruelty 残酷(cruel adj. cruelly adv.) 68.curious 好奇(curiosity n. 好奇 ) 69.curious(NMET1996) 70.customer 顾客71.customers (2000 北京春季卷 ) 72.custom 习俗73.damage损坏74.declared(NMET1999) 75.delicious 美味76.destroy 毁灭(其过去式是destroyed) 77.determined 有决心的78.develop发展(development n. developing 发展中的，developed 发达的) 79.dialogue 对话80.diary 日记(dairy 奶制品 ) 81.difference 不同点(有复数形式 ) 82.disappointed 失望(disappointing 让人失望的 ) 83.disappointment 失望84.discovery 发现(其复数是discoveries，其动词是discover，discoverer 发现者 ) 85.disturb 打扰86.dollar 美元 (其复数是dollars) 87.downstairs 楼下88.dream 梦想(其过去式是dreamed 或dreamt) 89.electricity 电 (electrical 电的，electric 电的) 90.employ 雇用(employment n. employer 雇主， employee 雇员 ) 91.empty 倒空( 可用动词，其过去式是emptied) 92.encourage鼓励(encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n.) 93.energy 能量94.envelope 信封95.envy n. 妒忌(envious adj.) 96.equal(NMET1998) 97.equipment 设备98.especially 尤其是99.essential(NMET1999) 100. European 欧洲人101. event 事件102. excellent 极好(excellence n. excellently adv.) 103. exhibition(NMET1997) 104. exhibition 展览105. expense 耗费106. experience 经验(experienced 有经验的) 107. expert 专家108. expression 表达109. failure 失败(fail v.) 110. familiar(NMET1999) 111. familiar 熟悉的112. favorite 最喜爱的(即作形容词也作名词，作名词时有复数) 113. figure 人物 /数字114. finger 手指115. flight 飞行精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页116. forehead 前额117. foreign(NMET1998) 118. fortunately 幸运地119. forward 向前120. freezing 极冷的(frozen 冷冻的 ) 121. frequently 经常地122. furniture 家具123. further 进一步的124. generally (2000 全国卷 ) 125. geography 地理126. Germany 德国127. government(NMET1996) 128. gradually 逐渐地129. graduation 毕业(graduate) 130. grammar 语法131. habits (NMET1997) 132. handkerchiefs (2000 北京春季卷 ) 133. honesty 诚实(honest) 134. honor/honour 荣誉135. imagination 想象力(imagine v.) 136. immediate (2000 北京春季卷 ) 137. immediately 马上138. impress 印象(impression n.) 139. incident 小事件140. including 包括(include v.) 141. indispensable (NMET1999) 142. industry 工业(industrial adj. 工业的 ) 143. information 信息144. inspire 激 励(inspiration n. inspiring, inspired) 145. institute 学院146. instrument 仪器147. interest 兴趣148. interrupt 打断149. interrupt 打断150. introduce 介绍(introduction n.) 151. irregular 不规则的152. journey 旅程153. judge 判断(judgment) 154. kindergarten 幼儿园155. knowledge 知识156. labor/labour 劳动157. late1y(NMET1999) 158. laughter 笑声159. lawyer 律师160. librarian 图书馆理员161. loss 损失(lose, lost 是其动词形式 ) 162. luckily 幸运地163. magazine 杂志164. majority (2000 北京春季卷 ) 165. majority 大多数166. manage 设法(manager, management) 167. market(2000 全国卷 ) 168. marriage 结婚(marry v. 结婚， married已婚的 ) 169. material(s)/cloth(NMET1996) 170. material 物质 /材料171. mayor 市长172. mean (NMET1999) 173. measure测量174. medal 奖章(比较： model 模型 ) 175. memory 记忆力(memorize v. 记住，remember 记得 ) 176. messages (2000全国卷 ) 177. metal 金属178. modern 现代的179. modest 谦虚的180. monitor 班长 /监控181. moustache 胡子182. murder 谋杀(murderer 凶手 ) 183. musician 音乐家184. mysterious 神秘的(mystery 神秘 ) 185. nationality国籍(nation 国家， national国家的 ) 186. naturally(NMET1998) 187. naughty 淘气的188. necessary(NMET1999) 189. ninth(NMET1998) 190. normal 正常的191. obey (NMET1997) 192. obviously 明显的193. offering (2000 全国卷 ) 194. operation 手术195. opportunity 机会196. ordinary 普通的197. organized/organised(NMET1996) 198. particularly 特别是199. passenger 旅客精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页200. passengers(NMET1999) 201. patience 耐心(patiently) 202. patient 病人 /耐心203. perfect 完美(perfectly) 204. performed(2000 北京春季卷 ) 205. perhaps 或许206. period 时期207. permission 许可208. persuaded(NMET1996) 209. phenomena 现象210. physicist 物理学家211. pilots (2000 全国卷 ) 212. poisonous 有毒的(poison) 213. political 政治的(politics) 214. popular 受欢迎的215. population 人口216. position 职位217. possibility(-ies) 可 能 性(possible 可 能的) 218. poverty 贫穷(poor) 219. poverty 贫穷220. practical (NMET1997) 221. preparing(NMET1998) 222. pressure(NMET1997) 223. pretend 假装224. professor 教授225. profit 利润226. progress进步227. pronunciation (2000北京春季卷 ) 228. provide 提供(比较： offer, supply) 229. public 公众230. purpose 目的231. quality(NMET1996) 232. quantity 数量233. realistic(NMET1997) 234. receive 收到235. recently(NMET1999) 236. recognised/recognized(NMET1999) 237. recognize 认出(recognition 承认 ) 238. regards 问候239. remind 提醒240. repeat (repetition)重复241. respect尊敬242. restaurant 餐馆243. restaurants(NMET1999) 244. satisfaction满 意(satisfy, satisfied, satisfying) 245. satisfactory 满意的246. Saturday(NMET1998) 247. scientific 科学的248. scientific 科学的249. secretary 秘书250. secretly (2000 北京春季卷 ) 251. separately单独地252. separates (NMET1998) 253. serious 严重的(seriously) 254. service 服务255. shortcoming 缺点256. silence 安静(silent) 257. similar (2000 北京春季卷 ) 258. similar 类似的(similarity ies 相似之处) 259. situation 形势 /情况260. slightly(2000 全国卷 ) 261. society 社会(social adj. 社会的 ) 262. southern(2000 全国卷 ) 263. special 特别的264. species 物种(单复数同形 ) 265. spring(NMET1997) 266. square 平方267. stolen(2000 全国卷 ) 268. straight(NMET1997) 269. suitable 合适的270. support 支持271. surprise 吃惊272. surround 包围273. swimming(NMET1998) 274. technique 技术(technical adj.) 275. technology 技术276. temperature 温度277. theory 理论278. thirsty 口渴279. thorough (NMET1997) 280. total 合计281. traffic 交通282. translated(NMET1998) 283. translation 翻译(translator翻译家，interpret 解说 , interpreter 口语翻译 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页284. umbrella(NMET1999) 285. umbrella 伞286. unusually 不寻常(unusual 不寻常的 ) 287. unwilling 不 愿 意(willing adj. 愿 意will n. 意志 ) 288. upstairs(2000 全国卷 ) 289. upstairs 楼上290. vacation 假期291. various 各种各样的(variety n. 种类 ) 292. victim 受害者293. victory 胜利294. vocabulary 词汇295. voyage 航行296. waste (NMET1999) 297. wealth 财富298. weather(NMET1998)299. whisper 低语300. worship 崇拜301. youth 年轻人(复数加 -s) 302. zero 零高考英语书面表达必备词组少量的a handful of 过幸福生活live a happy life 损害，伤害do harm to 一个好收成a good harvest 保持镇静keep ones head 身体好in good health 记住某事learn / know sth. by heart 紧握某物keep a tight hold on sth. 握住；抓住catch / take / get hold of 趾高气扬hold ones head high 暑假 the summer holidays 休假 on holiday 为（向） 表示敬意；为了纪念 in honour of 对某人抱很大希望have high hope for sb. 怀着 的希望in the hope of doing sth. 住院be in hospital 大约一小时an hour or so 挨饿go hungry 打猎go hunting 匆匆忙忙in a hurry 不知道have no idea 但愿，要是 就好了if only 给某人留下好印象make a good impression on sb. 慢慢前进inch ones way forward 患难之交才是真朋友。A friend in need is a friend indeed. 告诉某人某事inform sb of sth 坚持要做insist on doing 视察工厂inspect a factory 激动人心的演讲an inspiring speech 急需帮助in instant need of help 打断谈话interrupt a conversation 介绍信a letter of introduction 收到请帖receive an invitation 邀请信a letter of invitation 讲笑话tell a joke 和某人开玩笑play a joke with sb. 旅行make a journey 使某人高兴的是to ones joy 不可以貌取人。Dont judge a man by his looks. 初中a junior high school 正在那时just then 与保持联系keep in touch with 使不进入 keep out of成功的秘诀the key to success 踢门kick the door 踢掉鞋子kick off ones shoes 跪下go down / fall on ones knees 敲门knock at the door 最迟，至迟at the latest 迟早sooner or later 哈哈大笑起来burst into laughter 违（守）法break / obey the law 制定一条法律make a law 摆设餐具（准备吃饭）lay the table 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页过着简朴的生活lead a simple life 忽略，遗漏leave out 听关于 的讲座attend a lecture on 给某人一个教训teach sb. a lesson 从在中吸取教训take a lesson from 惊讶地叫了一声let out a cry of surprise 透漏消息let out the news 大写字母a capital letter 仰卧 / 俯卧 lie on ones back / stomach 复活，苏醒过来come back to life 交通信号灯traffic lights 列一张购物清单make a shopping list 谋生，度日make a living 丧生，死；牺牲lose ones life 泄气；灰心lose heart 失音 lose ones voice 输一场lose a game 祝你好运。Wish you good luck. 洗衣机a washing machine 欣喜若狂be mad with joy 邮寄包裹send the parcel by mail 赚钱 make money 交朋友make friends 取得进步make progress 利用 make use of 编造故事make up a story 弥补某人的过失make up for ones mistake 有礼貌have good manners 商标 a trade mark 满分 full marks 观看一场篮球比赛watch a basketball match 进行比赛have a match 祝你成功。May you success. 五一节May Day 通过这种方式by this means 用方法，依 * by means of 决不 by no means 按尺寸做make to ones measure采取措施take a measure 量身高measure ones height 获得金牌get a gold medal 医疗队a medical team 体检 medical examination 吃药 take / have some medicine 满足 的需要meet the needs of 遇到风暴meet with a storm 去开会go to a meeting 开会have a meeting 举行会议hold a meeting 为纪念in memory of 对一点儿也不怜悯have no mercy on sb. 毫不容情地；残忍地without mercy 在支配下；任由 摆布 at the mercy of 圣诞快乐！Merry Christmas! 给某人捎个信儿take a message for sb. 中秋节Mid-autumn Day 上百万的，许许多多的millions of 改变主意change ones mind 当心油漆未干。Mind the wet paint! 下决心make up ones mind 外交部长the minister of foreign affairs 错过机会miss an opportunity 犯错误make a mistake 由疏忽所致by mistake 现代in modern times 零钱small money 某人身上没（带）钱have no money with sb. 选某人为班长make sb. monitor 某一天清早on the early morning 在山顶上at the top of the mountain 参加海军join the navy 如果有必要的话if necessary 需要帮助in need of help 呈现一片新面貌take on a new look 打某人的鼻子hit sb. on the nose 做笔记make / take notes 与无关 have nothing to do with 张贴通知put up a notice 对某人毫不在意pay no notice to sb. 运转着，实施中be in operation 订购某物place an order for sth. 失业了out of work 一副眼镜a pair of glasses 颐和园the Summer Palace 此处禁止停车！No parking here! 在方面起积极作用take an active part in 在过去的几天里in the past few days 对某人有耐心be patient with sb. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页熟能生巧。Practice makes perfect. 演出，表演put on performances 亲自，当面in person 给某人照相take a photo of sb. 弹钢琴play the piano 摘花 pick flowers 捡钱包pick up a wallet 去野餐go out for a picnic 一堆书a pile of books 可怜某人（因同情而帮助某人）have / take pity on sb. 出于同情out of pity 代替 in place of 坐某人的座位，代替某人的职务take ones place 举行，发生take place 代替，代理take the place of 订计划make a plan 玩牌 play cards 对某人开一个玩笑play a joke on sb. 与一起玩play with sb. 在操场上on the playground 对感到满意be pleased with 喜欢做某事take pleasure in doing sth. 生活富裕live in plenty 正要 的时候on the point of 对某人有礼貌be polite to sb. 受某人喜爱be popular with sb. 占有，拥有take possession of 发电站power station 当权，执政take power 因为某事赞扬某人praise sb. for sth. 赞扬 in praise of 出席会议be present at a meeting 眼下 at present 互赠礼物exchange presents 在压力下under pressure 防止某人做某事prevent sb. from doing 以为代价at the price of 无论花多少代价（不惜任何代价）at any price 以为自豪；对 感到得意take pride in 小学 primary school 入狱，被监禁go to prison 在狱中服刑be in prison 将某人送进监狱throw / put sb. into prison 越狱escape from prison 解决问题solve the problem 回答问题answer the question 遵守诺言keep ones promise 答应，许下诺言make a promise 以自豪 be proud of 养 家 糊 口provide food and clothes for ones family 公共事务public affairs 舆论public opinion 当众，公开in public 出版社publishing house 故意地on purpose 把推到一边push aside 推倒，（风）刮倒push over 拖延，推迟put off 不可能out of the question 接力赛a relay race 通过无线电广播on the radio 衣衫褴褛，穿破衣服in rags 在火车站at the railway station 小（大）雨light / heavy rain 一线希望a ray of hope 伸手去拿reach for sth. 够不着out of ones reach 乐意干某事be ready to do 事实上in reality 实现希望realize ones hope 为此，为此理由for this reason 接待处reception desk 参考；谈到refer to 留在某人的记忆中remain in ones memory 提醒某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 使某人想起remind sb. of sth. 应请求 by request 因此，结果as a result 盛产；有大量的 be rich in除掉get rid of 抢走某人某物rob sb. of sth. 起重要作用play an important role 扮演 的角色play the role of 给腾出地方make room for 对某人无礼be rude to sb. 用完run out of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页高峰时间，拥挤时间rush hour 满足某人的需要satisfy ones needs 节省体力save ones strength 也就是说that is to say 为某事责备某人scold sb. for sth. 就座，坐下take ones seat 不让人知道某事，保密keep sth. a secret 抓住小偷的衣领seize a thief by the collar 与某人
