2020届高考英语山东省二轮复习训练题：专题一　阅读理解 .docx

www.ks5u.com专题一阅读理解主题一人与自我A(2019河北保定二模)Summer Programs for TeensUniversity of Maryland: TERP Young ScholarsThis program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests, explore career opportunities, and discover college life at the University of Maryland.During three weeks of intellectual exploration, teens can study with students who share similar interests, and communicate with some of the universitys best teachers.Upon successful completion, students can earn three college credits.Carpe Diem: The University-bound AdventureCarpe Diem supports both American and international students in applying to a university by providing private consultation. This 2-week experience also includes tours of famous East Coast universities. Students will also have the opportunity to build their resumes(简历) by working with writing experts.Great Books Summer ProgramThis is a lively, warm and welcoming summer camp community of outstanding teens, who love literature and ideas. In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literary-minded students. Participants can gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both verbally and in writing.Zeal TravelWe offer our teens two-week and three-week long trips to Hawaii, Alaska, Australia and Spain. All trips include 1525 hours of community service activities.Depending on your trip of choice, youll be helping Hawaiians protect their forest ecosystem, caring for dogs in Spain, working with Habitat for Humanity, and much more. Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest.1.Which program offers students the opportunity to develop academic interests?A.Carpe Diem.B.Zeal Travel.C.University of Maryland.D.Great Books Summer Program.2.What can students do in Great Books Summer Program?A.Learn how to write stories.B.Attend a campus cultural event.C.Make friends with famous writers.D.Read and discuss the great works of literature.3.What is special about Zeal Travel?A.It includes a lot of thrilling outdoor activities.B.It provides community service for students.C.It offers students exciting free trips.D.It will last 3 weeks.答案语篇解读本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四项青少年暑期活动计划。1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests”(这个项目是一个完美的夏令营,适合那些想追求学术兴趣的有学术天赋的青少年)可知,University of Maryland为学生提供了发展学术兴趣的机会,故选C项。2.D推理判断题。根据第三个小标题下内容的第二句“在过去的11年里,它聚集了来自世界各地的中学生和高中生,阅读最伟大的文学作品选集,体验热烈的讨论并与其他有文学头脑的学生一起享受夏令营的乐趣”可知,在Great Books Summer Program中,学生们能够阅读和讨论伟大的文学作品,故选D项。3.A细节理解题。题干句意:Zeal Travel有什么特别之处?根据最后一段中的“Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more.”可知exciting outdoor activities与A选项中的thrilling outdoor activities同义,故选A项。B项虽然在文中被提及,但不是Zeal Travel的特别之处。C项中的“free”未提及。D项与文章内容不符,故排除B、C、D三项。B(2019山东潍坊模拟)A primary school principal in north China has become the latest Internet celebrity for leading some cool moves during a morning exercise routine with his students.Every morning, 40-year-old principal Zhang Pengfei at Xiguan Primary School in Linyi County, Shanxi Province would lead about 700 pupils in the playground in a synchronised “ghost shuffle” routinea dance that incorporates contemporary jazz steps with heel, toe and arm movements. The bold headmaster thought the fun and energetic exercise routine would better encourage students to get active instead of “being glued to their mobile phones”.The schools new 30-minute dance routine has replaced the government-imposed broadcast callisthenics programme, a short workout that has been a requirement at every primary, middle and secondary school in China since 1951. “I thought we needed a change because the students have been losing interest in doing the broadcast callisthenics routine,” Zhang told the Southern Metropolis News.The dedicated principal said he came across a group of people doing the “ghost shuffle” routine at a public plaza last summer and decided to learn the dance himself. “I thought the dance would be great for kids,” he said. “The music is full of energy and it really gets the happy feeling of flowing.” In October, he introduced the choreographed(编排的)routine to all of his students and shortly after, even teachers and staff were joining in. “Now the students arent constantly on their phones. I sometimes catch them watching different dance routine videos and learning new moves!”the proud headmaster told reporters.The video quickly went around on Chinese social media, with a Weibo topic page titled “principal leads students in ghost dance routine” gathering 250 million views. “This is perhaps the best adaptation of sport and entertainment for children,” a comment on Weibo read.4.What can we know from the passage?A.Zhang Pengfei is a primary school principal in south China.B.Xiguan Primary Schools new 30-minute dance routine is both fun and energetic.C.Doing the broadcast callisthenics routine is only required at primary schools in China.D.Few people showed interest in Zhang Pengfeis ghost dance routine video on Weibo.5.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.People hold a critical attitude towards the adaptation.B.People hold an indifferent attitude towards the adaptation.C.People hold a negative attitude towards the adaptation.D.People hold a supportive attitude towards the adaptation.6.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.A famous primary school principal:Zhang PengfeiB.Traditional callisthenics programmes in ChinaC.A Chinese principal leads students in a “ghost shuffle” routineD.An Internet celebrity in China7.From which part of a magazine can we read this passage?A.Agriculture.B.Technology.C.Economy.D.Education.答案语篇解读本文为新闻报道,主要讲述了山西临猗县西关小学校长对学校的课间操进行了改革,选用“鬼步舞”代替课间操。4.B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知这位大胆的校长认为,这种有趣而且充满活力的锻炼能更好地鼓励学生活跃起来,而不是“目不转睛地盯着他们的手机”。据此可知,这种舞蹈有趣而且充满活力。5.D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“This is perhaps the best adaptation of sport and entertainment for children”可知,这种舞蹈可能是孩子们运动和娱乐的最佳方式。据此可推知,人们对这种改编的舞蹈持支持的态度。6.C主旨大意题。根据全文可知,本文主要介绍了一位校长带领学生跳“鬼步舞”的故事。据此可知,C项最合适。7.D推理判断题。根据全文可知,山西临猗县西关小学校长对学校的课间操进行了改革,选用“鬼步舞”代替课间操。他认为这种舞蹈音乐节奏强烈,充满正能量,对孩子的身心健康有益。据此可知,本文与学校教育有关,故选自杂志的教育版块。C(2019湖北名校冲刺必刷高三第二次模拟,C)High levels of chocolate consumption might be associated with a one third reduction in the risk of developing heart disease, suggests a study published online in the British Medical Journal. The findings confirm the results of existing studies that generally agree on a potential beneficial link between chocolate consumption and heart health. However, the authors stress that further studies are needed to test whether chocolate actually causes this reduction or if it can be explained by some other unmeasured factors.The World Health Organization predicts that by 2030, nearly 236 million people will die from heart disease. However, lifestyle and diet are key factors in preventing heart disease, says the paper. A number of recent studies have shown that eating chocolate has a positive influence on human health due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This includes reducing blood pressure and improving insulin sensitivity.However, the evidence about how eating chocolate affects your heart still remains unclear. So, Dr Oscar Franco and colleagues from the University of Cambridge carried out a large scale of review of the existing evidence to evaluate the effects of eating chocolate on cardiovascular(心血管的)events like heart attacks and strokes.They analyzed the results of seven studies, involving over 100,000 participants with and without existing heart disease. For each study, they compared the group with the highest chocolate consumption and the group with the lowest consumption.Five studies reported a beneficial link between higher levels of chocolate consumption and the risk of cardiovascular events. They found that the “highest levels of chocolate consumption were associated with a 37% reduction in cardiovascular disease and a 29% reduction in strokes compared with the lowest levels”. No significant reduction was found in relation to heart failure.The authors say the findings need to be interpreted with caution, in particular because commercially available chocolate is very calorific(around 500 calories for every 100 grams)and eating too much of it could lead to weight gain, the risk of diabetes and heart disease.However, they conclude that given the health benefits of eating chocolate, initiatives to reduce the current fat and sugar content in most chocolate products should be explored.8.Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?A.There used to be studies about the beneficial link between chocolate consumption and heart health.B.Millions of people will die from heart disease according to the WHO.C.There are still other factors that may reduce the risk of heart disease.D.There is clear evidence about how eating chocolate affects your heart.9.What are the possible causes of heart disease?A.Unhealthy diet.B.Eating chocolate.C.Exercising regularly.D.Drinking coffee.10.Whats the authors attitude towards the findings?A.Doubtful.B.Cautious.C.Disapproving.D.Negative.11.If the author will go on writing, what is likely to be talked about?A.We should eat less chocolate.B.Chocolate benefits our health.C.The ways to reduce the sugar and fat content in chocolate products.D.When to eat chocolate is better for our health.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。一些研究表明吃巧克力有利于心脏的健康,但是吃巧克力对我们的心脏有着怎样的影响仍然不能够确定,还需要进一步的研究来证明。8.D根据第三段中的However, the evidence about how eating chocolate affects your heart still remains unclear.可知,关于吃巧克力如何影响你的心脏的证据仍不清楚,故选D。9.A根据第二段中的However, lifestyle and diet are key factors in preventing heart disease, says the paper.可知,不健康的饮食是导致心脏疾病的一个原因,故选A。10.B文章讲述了一些研究表明吃巧克力有利于心脏的健康,但是吃巧克力对我们的心脏有着怎样的影响仍然不能够确定,还需要进一步的研究来证明。可知作者的态度是谨慎的。A.怀疑的;B.谨慎的;C.不赞成的;D.否定的。故选B。11.C根据最后一段:然而,他们得出的结论是,考虑到吃巧克力对健康的益处,应该探索减少目前大多数巧克力产品中脂肪和糖的含量的举措。可知下一段应该叙述:减少巧克力产品中糖和脂肪含量的方法,故选C。D(2019山东临沂模拟)I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole. Back in 1996, there had never been a woman from the UK who had accomplished this challenge. I wondered what it would be like to survive in temperatures cold enough to freeze your flesh in seconds, so I sent off for the application form.The application form full of pictures of male explorers arrived. The words “Are you man enough for the ultimate(极限的) challenge?” made me angry and even more determined to get on the team.Over 500 individuals applied for a place in the team, and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to pick the best group. In one test, there was a huge rope ladder we had to climb, and I froze at the top because I had a fear of heights. I thought my hopes were fading as most other applicants sailed past, leaving me behind. But two others helped me out, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.I had revealed(显示)my weakness, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, as there is nowhere to hide. These personalities of asking for help and showing weaknesses are necessary for women to master.I realized that by being myself, I could succeed. I was selected for the team. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imaginedmore importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the unknown.12.How did the author react on seeing the advertisement?A.She got cross.B.She was determined.C.She got frightened.D.She was uninterested.13.What did the organizers view as the most important in the selection of new hands?A.Personal qualities.B.Individual abilities.C.Spirit of teamwork.D.Courage to challenge.14.What does the author think of womens showing weaknesses?A.Beneficial.B.Shameful.C.Merciful.D.Disturbing.15.Whats the intention of the author in writing this passage?A.To inspire us to prepare for our future goal.B.To advise women how to turn to others.C.To make suggestions to her team members.D.To encourage people to explore the unknown.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,主要讲述了作者申请加入去北极的滑雪队,并成功加入的故事。12.B细节理解题。根据第一段,尤其是第一、二句“I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole.”可知,作者看到这个广告后就下定决心要滑雪去北极。13.C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知,团队组织者挑选新队员时认为最重要的一点就是队员们要有团队合作精神。14.A推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“These personalities of asking for help and showing weaknesses are necessary for women to master.”可推知,女性示弱是有用的。15.D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们去探索未知的世界。主题二人与社会题组一A(2019安徽黄山第二次质检)There are many programs for high school students today that help lonely teenagers deal with loneliness. However, loneliness is not only an issue for teens but also an important and rarely acknowledged one in the elderly.In Britain, Tracey Crouch was appointed to be the first Minister of Loneliness in order to address the issues caused by loneliness. This is the first time such a position has been created.In Britain, there are around 9 million people who say they are lonely frequently. In Germany, a study conducted by Ruhr University Bochum found that 20 percent of people over the age of 85 felt lonely, and that 14 percent of those between age 45 and 65 felt socially lonely. In the United States, more than 25 percent of the population live alone, and more than 50 percent are unmarried.Loneliness is generally associated with heart disease and anxiety. Additionally, the stress from loneliness can cause your cells to change on a molecular(分子)level that reduces its abilities to defend your body against diseases. In fact, doctors believe having feelings of loneliness is equivalent to smoking 15 cigarettes per day in regard to its effect on health!In Britain, the new Minister of Loneliness will help introduce government policies on the issue and fund a charityan organization for helping people in need, to devote their efforts to aiding loneliness. There are charities that link lonely seniors to high school students in order to give them a line of communication whenever they feel lonely!The possibilities for the new Minister of Loneliness are endless. For example, she can provide education serv