（整理版高中英语）高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题阅读理解推理判断1.doc

高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题-阅读理解推理判断1Giving Back Fair Way The Westborough High School golf team had taken the of- ficial photos with the state prize. The other teams, disappoint- ed, were on the bus heading home. And then Westborough in- structor Greg Rota noticed something wrong on one of the score cards. A 9 had been recorded as a 7. They were not the state prize winner; Woburn High had won. "No one would have known, "said Woburn's instructor, Bob Doraru For Rota, it wasn't a difficult decision." The prize wasn't ours to take. '"Coin Stars""College students are lazy, but they also want to help" says University of Pennsylvania graduate Dana Hork. So she made it easy, placing cups in rooms where students could leave their spare coins, and handing out cups to first-year students to keep in their rooms. Her" Change for Change" effort has collected $ 40,000 for charities (慈善机构) , which were decided upon by students. Never Forgotten A school in Massachusetts received a $ 9. 5 million check from Jacques LeBermuth But it took officials several days of digging to discover his connection to the school Records showed the LeBermuth came from Belgium and studied in the school in the 1920s. When his family fell on hard times, he was offered free room and board. LeBermuth became a trader, owned shares of AT&T and lived off the earnings until he died, at age 89. 1. What did Greg Rota probably do in the end? A. Took photos of Doran. B. Had a meeting with Doran. C. Returned the prize to the organizer. D. Apologized to Woburn High Schook 答案: C 指导：考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。获奖队 的教练自己发现了错误，而且决定这个奖不能拿，那么接下来推断肯定是要把奖送回去。2. Greg Rota's decision shows that he was _. A. honest B. polite C. careful D. friendly 答案: A 指导：考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。从Greg Rota自己发现错误到决定把奖送回，说明他性格中的老实。因此答案为honest3. The underlined word "Change" in the second paragraph means_. A. Idea B. Decision C. Cups D. Coins 答案: D 指导：考查猜想词义的能力。Change for Change中的第一个change指的是“零钱，第二个change是表示“变化。两个change在一起肯定意思不同，关键在于首先应该明白change的不同含义，再根据文章内容进行判断。因为募集的零钱都捐给了慈善机构，改变了其他一些人的生活。所以介词for后面的change应该是目的表“变化，那么第一个就是“零钱。4. What did the school officials do after receiving the check from Mr. LeBermuth? A They tried to find out why he gave them the money. B. They went to Belgium to pay their respects to him. C. They dug out the records that were buried underground. D. They decided to offer their students free room and board. 答案: A 指导：考查对文章事实细节的理解，依据是第三段文字的第二句话。 5. Jacques LBermuth gave the money to the school because_. A. the school asked for it B. he had no need for that much money C. the school had helped him in the past D. he wanted to be remembered by the students 答案: C 指导：考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。在Jacques LeB-ermuth困难的时候帮助过他，所以他寄来950万美元的支票回报。Pssage * (典型例题) It was an early September day, cool and bright and just right for running, and I was in the first few miles of a 10-mile race over a course (路线) with a few high hills. Still, I felt energetic; despite the hills it was going to be a fine run. Just ahead of me was Peggy Mimno, a teacher from Mount Kisco, New York. She too was running easily, moving along at my speed. The pace(步速) felt comfortable, so 1 decided to stay where I was; why pay attention to pace when she was setting such a nice one? I'd overtake (追上) her later on when she tired. So I ran behind her. The course headed north for five miles, wandered west for a hilly mile, then turned south again along a winding road. The race was getting harder. We had four miles left and already it was beginning to be real work. Peggy overtook a young runner. She seemed to know him, for they exchanged a few cheerful words as she passed him. Their exchange worried me. You don't chat during a race unless you are feeling good, and Peggy plainly was. Still, I was close enough to overtake her if she tired, so I didn't give up hope completely. We were getting nearer to a long punishing hill now and it would be the test. We were a mile from the finish line, so whatever happened on the hill would almost certainly determine who crossed it first. As I moved up the hill, my attention wandered for a few minutes. When I looked up, Peggy was moving away-first five yards, then ten, then more. Finally it was clear that there was no hope of catching her. She beat me soundly.There is an important lesson in that race. Women are thought to be weaker, slower and not nearly as skilled in sport. Yet as Peggy Mimno so clearly showed, the similarities between men and women runners are more important than the differences. I have run with a number of women, and I can say that it is often hard work. 1. What did the writer think of the race in the beginning? A. It would be hard work. C. It would be an easy race. C. It would be a test of his strength. D. It would be a good learning experience. 答案: B 指导：首先要审清题干，注意题干中的inthebeginning。 本文第一段、第二段中的一些词如energetic，a fine run，running easily，comfortable等都反映出作者开始认为这场比赛不会很难。2. What worried the writer when Peggy greeted the young runner? A. Peggy overtook the young runner. B. Peggy was running energetically. C. Peggy was laughing at the writer. D. Peggy paid no attention to the writer. 答案: B 指导：由第四段倒数第一句"You don't chat during a race unless you are feeling good可知作者认为：你在比赛中聊天表示你感觉很好。而上句peggy恰恰在比赛中聊天反映出作者认为Peggy在比赛中的感觉，作为Peggy的对手，他当然很担忧。3. By saying" a long, punishing hill"(Paragraph 5) , the writer implies that_. A. Peggy would fail to reach the hilltop B. men are more skilled at climbing hills C. overtaking Peggy would be easy D. climbing the hill would be a demanding task 答案: D 指导：下句中的test一词，能够反映作者当时的感觉，所以D为最正确选项。4. What lesson does the writer learn from the race? A. Women are as good as men in sport. B. Women are better at climbing hills. C. He should have more training in a cross-country race. D. He should set a quicker pace at the beginning of a race.答案: A 指导：文章倒数第一段倒数第一、二句是做此题的关键句。Passage*(典型例题) Deserts are found where there is little rainfall or where rain for a whole year falls in only a few weeks' time. Ten inches of rain may be enough for many plants to survive (存活) if the rain is spread throughout the year. If it falls within one or two months and the rest of the year is dry, those plants may die and a desert may form.Sand begins as tiny pieces of rock that get smaller and smaller as wind and weather wear them down. Sand dunes (沙丘) are formed as winds move the sand across the desert. Bit by bit, the dunes grow over the years, always moving with the winds and changing the shape. Most of them are only a few feet tall, but they can grow to be several hundred feet high. There is, however, much more to a desert than sand. In the deserts of the southwestern United States, cliffs (悬崖) and deep valleys were formed from thick mud that once lay beneath a sea more than millions of years ago. Over the centuries, the water dried up. Wind, sand, rain, heat and cold all wore away at the remaining rocks. The faces of the desert mountains are always changing-very, very slowly-as these forces of nature continue to work on the rock.Most deserts have a surprising variety of life. There are plants, animals and insects that have adapted to life in the deserr. During the heat of the day, a visitor may see very few signs of living things, but as the air begins to cool in the evening, the desert comes to life. As the sun begins to rise again in the sky, the desert once again becomes quiet and lonely. 1. Many plants may survive in deserts when_. A. the rain is spread out in a year B. the rain falls only in a few weeks C. there is little rain in a year D. it is dry all the year round . 答案: A 指导：通过第一段内容可推出，此外作为生都应该有这样的常识，这题应是一个送分题。2. Sand dunes are formed when_. A. sand piles up gradually B. there is plenty of rain in a year C. the sea has dried up over the years D. pieces of rock get smaller 答案: A 指导：第二段第二句给出了明确答案。3. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means that in a desert there is_. A. too much sand B. more sand than before C. nothing except sandD. something else besides sand 答案: D 指导：首先理解画线句子中的morethan(与相比多于，不只是)，然后根据本段其他句子进行推断。划线局部在本段是topic sentence，其他的句子是supporting sentence. 如果不明白主题句，可从支撑句中去推断，反之也是如此。4. It can be learned from the text that in a desert_. A. there is no rainfall throughout the year B. life exists in rough conditions C. all sand dunes are a few feet high D. rocks are worn away only by wind and heat 答案： B 指导：文章最后一段介绍了一些生活在严酷环境的沙漠中的生物情况。Passage * (典型例题) Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that scientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span. "I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生) ,' said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future. "I think by 2075 we will see it and that's a conservative estimate(保守的估计)." At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology(纳米技术)make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. "There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years, "he said. "Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years. ' However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live. "It remains to be seen if you pass 120, you know; could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life?" said Leonard Peon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Centre "At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at alL' 1. By saying" we are knocking at the door of immortality", Michael Zey means_. A. they believe that there is no limit of living B. they are sure to find the truth about long living C. they have got some ideas about living forever D. they are able to make people live past the present life span 答案: C 指导：immortality的意思为“永生，所以MichaelZey觉得人可以长生不死。2. Donald Louria's attitude toward long living is that A. people can live from 120 to 180 B. it is still doubtful how long humans can live C. the human body is designed to last about 120 years D. it is possible for humans to live longer in the future 答案: D 指导：从第三段Donald的谈话可知，他认为人可以活120180岁甚至更久，200300岁。A项表述不完整。3. The underlined"it' ( Paragraph 4) refers to _. A. a great push B. the idea of living beyond the present life span C. the idea of living from 200 to 300 years D. the conservative estimate 答案: B指导：全文谈的都是人的寿命能否超越现在的期限，应选B.4. What would be the best tide for this text? A. Living Longer or Not B. Science, Technology and Long Living C. No Limit for Human Life D. Healthy Lifestyle and Long Living 答案: A 指导：参考上题指导。Passage * (典型题) Who is there among us who hasn't dreamed of having his or her own small ( maybe, several years later, even big) business, and having wonderful freedom, both from a boss and from the time clock: the freedom to make up our own rules for our work, and our own plans-arranging our own hours of work? That way work would be both painless and fun. Or, so we imagine. Well, in fact it isn't quite as simple as that. Yes, it is true that being the boss has its satisfactions and that you can arrange your working hours freely if you own your own small business. But in those early years of starting your own business, you shouldn't think of a free day, not to mention flying off for a month's vacation. It is not unusual for new business owners to work seventy or eighty hours a week, and if there is a day off, that day might need to be devoted to accounting(算账).But this negative picture doesn't destroy the beautiful hopes. The possibility of getting something wonderful in return-both material and mental-continues to drive that large number of people who start up small businesses each year in the United States. 1. From the first paragraph, we know that everybedy bopes_. A. to rule others B. to be his or her own boss C. to get a time clock D. to be free from work 答案: B指导：从第一段可得知。2. Most new business owners have to_. A. work more than 10 hours a day B. devote himself to accounting C. fly to some places in the world D. have a day off in a week 答案: A 从句中“h is not unusual for new business owners to works eventy or eighty hours a week"可知一天工作十多个小时。3. The expression "negative picture" nxet probably means_. A. a terrible experience B. a poor picture C. limited freedom D. unpleasant situations 答案: D指导：根据第二段可知negmive picture means unpleasant situations4. The beautiful hopes will never be destroyed because_. A. people love beautiful things by nature B. people have a strong desire to seek personal gains C. small businesses make big money each year in the US D. small businesses have advantages over big companies 答案: B指导：从最后一段可知此答案。题点经典类型题1.(典型例题卷) Letter to Editor of TV Weekly Dear Sir/Madam, I read Alison Burnham's review of When we were 12, and I do not agree with her. I thought the programme was wonder- ful-I found the old news pictures really interesting-they helped to bring to life the stories the people were telling. The programme reminds me of many things from my own childhood. For example, one day when I was about five, I was going to school on the bus by myself (this was the late 1960s). My mother had given me exactly the right money for a return ticket. I held out my hand with the money in it-one big coin on top of one little coin. The bus conductor took the big top coin only and she gave me a ticket, but it was a pink one for a single journey. I needed a white one for a return journey, but I was too frightened to say anything. When school finished for the day, I couldn't catch the bus home-I had to walk. As a grown-up, whenever I've been in a situation where I need to say something or take some action, this early memory of my bus ride comes back to me, and I'm able to take control of the situation.I would like to say to the director, Bret Ctfrysler, carry on making this kind of programme. Too much TV these days is quiz shows and so