（整理版高中英语）高一英语Unit6冀教.doc

高一英语Unit 6冀教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Unit 6二. 教学重点：1. 重点单词：tropical, forest, entertain, advice, probably, accomplish, require, embassy, dangerous, pocket, knife, absolutely, replace, access, account, withdraw, idiom, excitement, consult, preparation, obtain, board, luggage, offer, rate, discount, tax, footstep, adventure, frequent, wildlife, air-conditioned, application, approximately, headdress, remind 2. 重点短语：exchange rate, in advance, and so forth3. 重点句型： 1)Sorry to disturb you but could you help? 2) Is there any way that you might? 3) Do you happen to know?4. 语法： 本单元重点学习虚拟语气II 动词时态一般过去时三. 重难点解释： entertain friends at to dinner招待请朋友们吃饭 The Smiths entertain a great deal.史密斯一家常款待客人。entertain a proposal愿意考虑这一建议entertain an idea抱着一种想法We were all entertained by his tricks.我们都对他的戏法感到兴趣。entertainment n 招待，款待 公众；娱乐A cinema is a place of entertainment. 电影院是公众娱乐场所。“A science fiction cannot not be regarded as a mere entertainment, but in fact it tells the reader much more.“科幻小说不能简单地看成是供消遣的,而实际上它给读者展示更深刻的内容。2. advice n.忠告，建议，商通知 some advice 一点意见a piece of advice 一条意见give advice 提出忠告take one's advice 接受忠告That's my advice to you. 这就是我给你出的主意。On his advice I am staying in bed. 听他的劝告，我卧床休息。a piece bit or few words of advice一句忠言a written advice劝告书act on advice 依劝ask advice of向征求意见，请教by sb.'s advice依某人劝告on sb.'s advice依某人劝告follow sb.'s advice接受某人意见give advice to sb on sth劝告，忠告take advice征求意见，请教advise vt.劝告，忠告，警告，建议advise sb. to do sth. 劝某人做某事advise doing sth 建议干3. probably adv很可能；大概；或许It will probably rain. 天很可能要下雨了。A： Will it rain this afternoon? B： Probably not.甲：今天下午下雨吗?乙：大概不会。 probable adj.很可能的, 大概的 War seemed probable in 1938. 战争在1938年就很有可能爆发。The home team, far ahead, is the probable winner.主队得分遥遥领先，很可能成为胜利者probable 所指的可能性要比 possible 或 likely 所指的要大一些possible 指“有实现或实行的可能，强调“客观上有可能性，但常带有“实际希望很小的暗示，如： It is possible to cure psoriasis.牛皮癣是可以治好的。4. accomplish vt.完成，到达，实现 to accomplish a purpose 到达目的I accomplished two hours' work before dinner. 我在吃饭前完成了两小时的工作。You should accomplish the task within the allotted time.你们必须在规定时间内完成这项任务。accomplish complete finish 都含“完成的意思。accomplish 通常接 task, aim, journey, voyage 等名词，有时兼有“达成(效果)之意，如：The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks.探险队在五周内完成了航程。complete 比 accomplish 具体, 可接建筑、工程、书籍等名词，指“按预期目的把未完成的工作经过进一步的努力使之完成 ，主要涵义是“补足缺少的局部，如：The building will be completed by the end of this month.这座楼于本月底建成。finish 在许多情况下可与 complete 换用，但不及 complete 正式，常含有“认真仔细地完成工作的最后阶段的精工修饰，使之完美的意思。 如：I have finished the book.我已读完了这本书。5. require vt.需要，要求，命令 The floor requires washing. 地板该洗了。I require two children to help me. 我需要两个孩子来帮我的忙。All passengers are required to show their tickets. 所有乘客都必须出示车票。The emergency requires that it should be done.情况紧急，非这样做不可。 It requires that . 有的必要require sth. of sb.对某人有的要求require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事6. absolutely，绝对地 absolutely impossible 绝对不可能的He refused absolutely. 他彻底拒绝了。It's absolutely impossible.这绝对不可能。7. replace，替换，代替，把放回原处 When you have finished using the axe, please replace it. 当你用完斧子时，请放回原处。George replaced Edward as captain. 乔治接任爱德华当队长。“The new city, Brasilia, replaced Rio de Janeiro as the capital of Brazil in 1960.巴西利亚这座新城市于1960年取代了里约热内卢成了巴西的首都 。 Can anything replace a mother's love and care? 有什么东西能取代母亲的爱和关心吗? replace = take the place of 8. access，访问，接近 There is no access to the street through that door. 穿过那个门没有通向大街的路。The only access to that ancient castle is along a muddy track.到那座古老城堡去的唯一通道是一条泥泞小路。Students need access to books. 学生需要使用书本。a man of easy access 易于接近的人，平易近人的人Accumulator and index register can be accessed by the programmer.程序员可以对累加器和变址存放器进行存取。be easy hard, difficult of access容易难接近give access to接见；准许出入have gain, get, obtain access to得接近；得会见；得进入；得使用9. accountan exciting account of the match 对这次比赛冲动人心的报导These accounts show no consistency.这些报道前后不一。He put his knowledge to good account. 他使知识发挥了效益。I account myself well paid. 我自认为收入颇佳。We can not account for his failure in the English examination.我们无法解释他为什么在英语考试中未考好。bring (sb.) to account (for)解释；惩罚 on account of因为；由于 not on any account绝不；千万不要 on one's own account为了私利；责任自负；单独account for 解释；说明：10. withdraw to withdraw $500 from a bank account 从银行提取500美元He withdrew from the race. 他退出比赛。The army withdrew. 军队撤退了。 to withdraw a remark 收回一句话11. consult v.商量，商议，请教，参考，考虑 I consulted George about buying a car. 我向乔治请教购置小汽车的事。 I must consult my principal on this matter.这件事我必须与委托人商量一下。 consulted a telephone directory for the number 在 簿上查找号码 consult one's own convenience只顾个人利益consult one's pleasure听其自便12. preparation n.准备，预备 mental preparation 思想准备 He has never done enough preparations for his examinations.他对考试从来不做好充分准备的。Preparation for the top government officers' visit are almost complete.迎接政府高级官员来访的准备工作差不多已全部完成。make preparations for = prepare for13. obtain vt.获得，得到 I haven't been able to obtain that book. 我还没能得到那本书。 He obtained a knowledge of Latin.他学会了拉丁文。 These ideas no longer obtain.这些见解已经行不通了。This obtains with most people.这是多数人公认的。get, obtain, acquire, gain, win, earn这组动词的一般含义是“得到。obtain包含着“努力、“希望或“决意去获得某物的意思。The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts.那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的资料。Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obtain valuable information. 那时平常的人便能运用它们去获取珍贵的信息。get是最普遍、使用范围最广的词I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. 我坐在公共汽车的前部，以得到有利于欣赏农村风光的时机。acquire虽然含有“努力获得的意思，但更强调在原来的根底上自然增长或新的增添After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 接到把车开出城的指令后，我的信心增长了。gain有obtain的含义，但更强调目的物需要努力奋斗才能得到，而且这种东西具有价值，特别是物质价值。During that time, she so gained my aunt's confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff. 在这期间，她得到了我姑姑如此的信任，结果被委任为家仆的负责人。A penny saved is a penny gained. 省一文是一文。(谚语)win虽然常常可以和gain换用，但win具有gain所不能表达的含义。如：获得者具有有利的品质It seemed certain that this would win the prize. 这一块会得奖，这似乎是肯定的了。This invariably wins them the love and respect of others.这种行为常常为他们赢得别人的爱戴和尊敬。earn包含着获得物与所花的气力是相互成比例的His achievements earned him respect and admiration. 他的成就为他赢得别人的尊敬和赞美。Some of them have come home for a few days hard-earned leave.14. offer n.出价，提议，意图vt.提供，出价，奉献，使出现，企图，演出 I must offer them an apology for not going to attend their get-gathering.我没有去出席他们的聚会，必须向他们表示歉意。He offered me 300 dollars for that television. 他出300美元向我买那部电视机。Thank you for your offer of help. 感谢你提供的帮助。 Take the first opportunity that offers.时机一出现，就要抓住它。 make an offer (of)提议；出价；提供on offer出卖(货品)under offer已经有人出价了；有人打算买的offer sb sth = offer sth to sb15. rate n.比率，速度，等级，价格，费用vt.估价，认为，鉴定等级，责骂 rate of exchange 汇率 the mortality rate; a tax rate死亡率；税率The rate of inflation decreased to 10% last year.去年通货膨胀率降低为百分之十。That joke didn't rate a laugh. 那个笑话不值得一笑。a rate of speed of 60 miles an hour六十公里的速率 at any rate无论如何 at this rate照这种样子16. discountaccept a statement with some discount不全信一种说法They give 10% discount for cash payment.现金付款，他们给以九折优待。at a discount打折扣；不值钱的；不受重视的17. adventure All the children listened to his adventures with eager attention.孩子们注意力十分集中地听他讲他的冒险经历。adventure an opinion大胆提出意见No man would adventure it.没有人敢冒险做这种事。It is foolish to haphazardly adventure.随便冒险是愚蠢的。Those explorers gallantly adventured on unknown seas.那些探险家们大胆地在陌生的海域探险。at all adventure(s)胡乱地；不顾一切地put in adventure使遭受危险，使冒风险18. frequent adj.时常发生的，频繁的 I enjoyed his frequent visits. 我喜欢他经常来访。Frequent failures did not affect his morale.屡次失败都没有使他泄气。Rains are frequent here in early summer.这儿在初夏季节常下雨。frequently adv.19. remind vt.提醒, 使想起 常与of, to + inf, that连用使想起；使记起；提醒Remind me to write to Mother. 提醒我给妈妈写信。This reminds me of last year. 这使我想起去年的事。Please remind me again nearer to the time of the interview.到快面试时请再提醒我一下。The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.请提醒我九点前给她打个 。虚拟语气II1. 在宾语从句中某些动词后面，宾语从句的谓语要求用虚拟式。宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式“should +动词原形或是“动词原形。这类要求宾语从句的谓语用虚拟式的动词，常见的有： command命令，demand要求，desire希望，insist坚持，order命令，propose提议，recommend推荐，request要求，require要求，suggest建议等。例如：He proposed that we ( should ) set a dead line for the complement of the plan .他提议拟定一个执行方案的期限。 They requested that we ( should) send a delegation to their country. 他们请求我们派一个代表团到他们国家去。I suggested that he ( should ) set off for our headquarters straightaway . 我建议他马上动身去我们的总部。 另外，wish和would rather / sooner that 后面的宾语从句，其中谓语动词的形式和对应用法如下表所述： 谓语动词的形式用法 过去式表示当时未能实现的愿望、意愿 过去完成式表示过去未能实现的愿望、意愿 过去未来式表示未来不大可能实现的愿望、意愿 注意以下例句：wish自身的时态并不影响从句谓语动词的形式。 I wish that I knew something about programming. 我希望我懂一点程序设计就好了。 I wished that I knew something about programming. 我当时希望我懂一点程序设计就好了。 They wish that they hadn't said it to us. 他们希望他们没有对我们说过那件事。 They wished that they hadn't said it to us. 他们当时希望他们没有对我们说过那件事。 I wish that you would get younger and younger .但愿你越来越年轻。 The manager would rather that his secretary went to the meeting instead of him .经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。He would sooner that he hadn't born until ten years ago .他宁愿他十年以前才出生。 2. 在表语从句和同位语从句中下面这些名词的后面所接的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟式“should + 动词原形或是直接用“动词原形 ： idea想法, suggestion建议，motion动议，proposal提议，order命令，recommendation推荐，advice (建议) ， instruction (指示、指令)等等。例如： The instruction was that nobody be allowed to go to sleep until further orders.表语从句指示要求，任何人不得在接到进一步的命令之前去睡觉。 My suggestion is that he leave for London at once . 表语从句我的建议是他立即动身去伦敦。 What do you think of his proposal that we ( should )put on a play at the English evening? 同位语从句他建议我们在英语晚会上演一个剧,你觉得怎么样？一般过去时的用法 1. 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。Where did you go just now?2. 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child, I often played football in the street.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3. 句型：It is time for sb. to do sth “到时间了 “该了It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了 “早该了It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示“宁愿某人做某事 I'd rather you came tomorrow.4. wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。比拟：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着。) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去) 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。1. 动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Did you want anything else?I wondered if you could help me.2. 情态动词 could, would.Could you lend me your bike? 3. used to / be used to used to + do：“过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步)be used to + doing： 对已感到习惯，或“习惯于，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)典型例题 Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it. It's 69568442. A. didn'tB. couldn'tC. don'tD. can't答案A。本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。【模拟试题】答题时间：90分钟一、单项填空：1. Her husband _ a train and left her forever.A. boarded on B. boarded C. boarded inD. boarded to2. Here' s an umbrella in case you _ it.A. should needB. needed C. needing D. to need3. He requested that I _ them get in crops.A. help B. to help C. helped D. helpful4. My uncle's suggestion is that we _ a few comrades to help them.A. sendsB. sending C. to send D. send5. _ his number yesterday, I would have told you. A. If I know B. If I would know C. Had I known D. I had known6. It may rainyou' d better take an umbrella _ it does.A. in case B. in no caseC. in any case D. in case of7. Can you understand his speech? If he _ so quickly, I _ him.A. don't speak; can understand B. didn't speak; could understandC. don't speak; could understandD. didn' t speak; can understand8. If we _ that you were here, we _ you a letter.A. know; would write B. had known; would writeC. were to know; had written D. had known; would have written9. He was in a hurry the other day. Otherwise he _you repair the machine.A. would help B. should helpC. would be helping D. would have helped10. Have you studied German? No, but I wish I _ .A. have B. doesC. hadD. will11. What did he say when you went to see him?He insisted that Peter _ it.A. do B. does C. will do D. would12.I suggest the meeting _ till next Monday. I hope Mike _ then.A. put off; will come B. be put off; would comeC. be put away; will come D. be put off; will come13. The teacher gave orders that all the work _ before 5：30.A. be finished B. will finishC. will be finish D. shall finish14. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from going.A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would preventC. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.A. breaks B. has broken C. were brokenD. had been broken16. _ have you been besides Japan before?A. Where else B. Else where C. Anywhere else D. Where17. _ you have seen both fighters, _ will win?A. Since; do you think who B. As; who you thinkC. When; whoever D. Since; who do you think18. This is a_ way.A. very useful B. great use C. great usefulD. very use19. It is _ for us to make our motherland rich and strong.A. very importance B. of great importanceC. of very importance D. great important20. I haven't heard from Henry for a long time. What do you suppose _ to him?A. was happeningB. to happenC. has happened D. had happened21. Comrade Lei Feng set a good example _ us all.A. for B. to C. in D. of22. There were fifty people _ when the accident happened.A. on the board B. on board C. board D. above board23. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _in Beijing.A. would be completed B. was being completedC. has been completed D. had been completed24. Wait till you are more _ . It' s better to be sure than sorry.A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satisfied25. Our English teacher asks us to guess the meanings of the unknown words _the context.A. owing to B. due to C. according toD. look forward to