（整理版高中英语）Units12.doc

Units 12.单词默写1defend vt.防御，保卫，防护；为辩护2awesome adj.令人惊叹的，令人敬畏的；可怕的3compromise vt. 危及，损害，连累 vi.妥协，让步，折衷4register vt.，vi. & n. 登记，注册，挂号5devotion n热爱，投入；忠诚；献身，奉献6grasp vt.理解，领会；抓牢，抓紧7altitude n高度；海拔8professional adj.专业的，职业的 n专业人员9furnish vt.为(房间等)配备家具；提供，供给10enterprise n事业，方案；公司，企业单位11abundant adj. existing in large quantities12observer nsomeone who sees or watches something13criterion nan established standard or principle on which a judgment is based14seize vt.to take hold of something quickly and with a lot of force15mark vt. to make a sign，or word，using a pen or pencil.词汇拓展1occupy vt.占(空间、时间等)；占用；占有；使忙碌；侵占，占领occupation n占领；占用2equip vt.装备，配备equipment n设备，装备3patience n耐心，忍耐力patient adj.忍耐的；有忍耐力的；有耐心的 n病人4impressive adj.给人以深刻印象的，感人的；冲动人心的；令人钦佩的impress v印上；留下印象impression n印象，感想5appoint vt.任命，委任；约定，指定(时间、地点)appointment n约会，预约；约定语境助记词不离句，句不离段The enterprise's equipment is too old to cater to customers.So the professionals occupy most of the time to observe the market. Their patience is awesome.短语落实1be located in 位于，坐落于2be home to 为的所在地3cater to 迎合，满足4be bound to 必定，必然5put aside 将抛在一旁，抛弃6be_short_for是的缩写形式7as_far_as.is/are_concerned就而言8seize_control_of夺取对的控制权9be_charged_with被指控犯有罪10in_terms_of在方面，从方面来说.句子翻译1There are old buildings，churches，narrow streets and alleys，all alongside glass and steel and concrete skyscrapers reaching upwards.(Page 2)城里有古老的建筑、教堂、狭窄的街道和小巷，这些全都与用玻璃和钢筋混凝土建成的摩天大楼挨在一起。2The Australian's devotion to sport，however，does not mean that most of them actually do much sport.(Page 14)澳大利亚人热衷体育运动，但这并不意味着澳大利亚人真的从事很多体育运动。3By learning about damage prevention，people will be able to enjoy this historic monument for generations to come.(Page 19)知道如何防止破坏，人们就能世世代代地欣赏到这一历史遗迹了。4加拿大境内有很多枫树，而枫叶就是作为一种象征出现在加拿大国旗上。(Page 3)There_are_many_maple_trees_in_Canada_and_a_maple_leaf_is_featured_on_the_Canadian_flag.5良好的自然环境使许多人觉得新西兰是户外运动完美国度。(Page 9)Owing_to_the_natural_environment，many_people_feel_that_New_Zealand_is_perfect_for_outdoor_activities. defend vt.防护；辩护；防卫【课本原句】 Which is said to be the longest border in the world not defended by army or the police.(P2)加拿大的边界是世界上最长的并且没有军队或警察驻守。defend.against/from.保护使不受的伤害defend one's country 保卫祖国defense n防卫；防卫设备；(被告的)辩论；辩护They built a bank as a defense against flooding.他们筑堤作为防洪设施。in defense of sbin one's defense 为了保护；为辩护defensive adj.防御的；自卫的辨析 defend/protect(1)defend强调面临危险时用武力或其他方法进行保护。(2)protect指提供某种庇护以免受到伤害。看看高考怎么考Unfortunately，that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend(防护) some special interest.(·卷·阅读理解E)The city _ by the army of 600 men was difficult to seize.(·望城一中11月月考)Adefending Bhaving been defendedChaving defended Ddefended答案D cover n盖子v遮盖，涉及，采访【课本原句】 It is like an underground city，covering an area of more than 20 football pitches.(P3)它就像一个地下城市，其面积比20个足球场还要大。cover an area of.(包含) 的面积be covered with.覆盖cover a lot of ground走很远的路cover the event报道cover the key points涉及要点cover the cost of.支付cover sb against给某人投保【联想拓展】cover in 完全盖住cover up 包裹；隐藏cover for 代替；替找借口under cover 伪装着，暗地里take cover 找到掩蔽处看看高考怎么考Instead of entering them into a book，Tony had naturally covered_every_wall_in_the_house_with(盖住房间里的每一面墙)them.(·卷·完形填空)Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering_the_windshield(遮住挡风玻璃的)，she found herself wondering why there couldn't be a built­in device for cleaning the window.(·卷·阅读理解A)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert.(·湖南洞口一中高三摸底考试)Acovering Bcovered Ccover Dto cover答案AAlthough the causes of cancer _，we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.(·市一中高三上学期中质量检测试题)Aare being uncovered Bhave been uncoveringCare uncovering Dhave uncovered答案A appoint vt.委任，任命；约定，指定(时间、地点等)【课本原句】 The headmaster appoints you as his assistant to help him work out an itinerary.(P10)校长任命你为他的助理来帮助他制定行程表。appoint sb(to sth)/(to be/as) sth任命某人为appointment n约定；约会；委任，委派make an appointment with sb和某人约会keep the appointment遵守约会cancel the appointment 取消约会辨析 appointment/date(1)appointment指与人谈生意或与医生等事先约定好的见面。(2)date通常指异性恋爱时的“约会。 看看高考怎么考I left it early because I had_an_appointment (有一个约会)later that day.(·卷·语法填空)明天我与我的医生有预约。 I'll make_an_appointment_with my doctor tomorrow.A committee was _ to investigate these complaints.(·市一中10月月考)Aconsidered Bregarded Cappointed Dcharged答案C occupy vt.占据，充满(时间，空间，某人的头脑等)；(军事)占领(国家，阵地等)；占用；占有(房屋，土地等)【课本原句】 Occupying the heart of New York City，the sidewalks here are full of life and bright lights.(P11)(时代广场)位于纽约城中心，这儿的街道充满活力和明亮的灯光。occupy oneself in doing sth/with sthbe occupied in doing sth/with sthbe busy in doing sth/with sthbe absorbed in doing sth忙于，专心于occupied adj.在使用中；已占有的；不空闲的occupation n职业，专业看看高考怎么考你能想象我抚养四个不到八岁小男孩会有多忙了吧。You can imagine how_fully_occupied I became，raising four boys under the age of 8.(·卷·阅读理解B)他专心于读历史书，甚至连我来了也没注意到。Occupied_in_reading_the_history_book，he even didn't notice me coming.Guangyi High School has a long history of more than 100 years，_ of approximately 100 mu.(·湖南石齐高考复读部第3次月考)Acovered the area Boccupying the areaCoccupied an area Dcovering an area答案D owe vt. 归因于；归功于；欠(账)；欠(人情)【课本原句】 Many people owe their love of sports to the perfect weather conditions for it.(P14)许多人把他们对运动的热爱归因于极好的天气情况。owe sth to sb/owe sb sth欠(账)；欠(情)owe.to.归因于；归功于；起源于owing to因为，由于；归功于看看高考怎么考Looking back，Diana，a fashion(时装)designer，owes_her_achievements_to(把自己的成功归功于)the goal she set，the education she received from the college，and above all the efforts she made.(·卷·完形填空)由于艰苦的努力，我们取得了巨大的进步。Owing_to our great effort，we had made great progress.I owe _ my parents.(·湖南祁东育贤月考)Athat I have Bwhat I haveCthat I have to Dwhat I have to 答案D defeat vt.击败；(使)挫折 n击败；失败【课本原句】 In 1458，the Turks defeated the Greeks and seized control of Athens.(P18)1458年，土耳其人打败了希腊人并控制了雅典。辨析 defeat/beat/win(1)defeat：击败，战败，指在竞争或斗争中打败对方，但不一定是最后的胜利，一般指(希望、方案等)受挫折或失败。(2)beat：击败，打败，通常指在各种比赛中击败对手。(3)win：获胜，赢得，指在赛场上或战争中获胜，或在竞赛中获奖。看看高考怎么考It's a problem that runs through the book.In a section on cars，Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to_defeat(来击败)computer­based locking systems for cars.(·卷·阅读理解A)John _ Tom by a yard and _ the race last year.(·湖南隆回一中月考)Adefeated；won Bwas beat；gotCdefeated；got Dwas beat；won答案A用defeat，beat，win的适当形式填空We beat them by 3 points.Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in Oct.Prime Minister Taro also was defeated in the election. bother vt.打搅，烦扰，麻烦；使恼怒；使不安vi.担忧，烦心，烦恼，焦虑 n麻烦，纠纷，吵闹；讨厌的人；麻烦的事物【课本原句】 The committee's assessment is that a lot of damage to the site was caused by people's ignorance and by those who do not want to bother protecting it.(P21)委员会认定许多对这些遗址的损毁是由于人们的无知和不尽心尽力保护。bother sb to do sth纠缠某人做某事bother sb with/about sth 拿某事烦扰某人bother about/with sb/sth 为某人/某事而烦恼(操心)bother doing/to do sth费心做某事have no/much/little bother (in) doing做不费力/很费力/几乎不费力看看高考怎么考I don't know why he still bothers(烦扰) with you.What a waste of space you are！(·卷·阅读理解A)I need to advertise for a roommate for next term._？ Mary is interested.(·卷·单项填空14)AWhy bother BWhy notCSo what DWhat for答案AI'm very sorry to have _ you with so many questions on such an occasion.(·湖南攸县一中高三上学期期中考试)Ainterrupting BexcusedCimpressed Dbothered答案D mercy n慈悲，怜悯；仁慈，宽容【课本原句】 Three years later，having borne a daughter but no son，King Hennery showed no mercy as he accused her of being unfaithful to him and sent her to the Tower to be killed.(P27)三年后，在生了一个女儿而没有儿子的情况下，亨利八世没有对她表示任何怜悯，以对他不忠为由把她送到伦敦塔杀死了。at the mercy of 受所支配；任处置；在掌握中have mercy on对发慈悲show mercy to对表示怜悯without mercy毫不留情地；残忍地看看高考怎么考He showed_little_mercy(毫不宽容)to the prisoners.(·质量检测)The boat was at_the_mercy_of(任处置，摆布)the rapid river.It is clear that the small grocer was _ people he owed money to.(·湖南醴陵一中月考)Aat the expense of Bat the risk ofCin the way Dat the mercy of 答案D put aside 将放在一边，抛弃；留出【课本原句】 You need to put aside your old ideas and prejudices and learn to be more flexible in expectations.(P9)你需要把你的旧观念和偏见放在一边，学会在期望中变得更灵活。【联想拓展】put up 举起；架起；张贴；为提供住宿put away 储存(钱)；储存以备用；储蓄put forward 提出(意见、建议)put off 延期；推迟put on 假装；伪装；表演，上演(戏剧)；穿上，戴上put out 熄灭；关灭；扑灭put through 接通 put up with 忍受；忍耐；受苦put down 放下；记下；写下；镇压看看高考怎么考I can _the house being untidy，but I hate it if it's not clean.(·新课标全国卷·单项填空26)Acome up with Bput up withCturn to Dstick to答案BThe exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon.(·卷·单项填空26)Aput down Bput offCput up Dput away答案C用正确的介(副)词填空Put on your coat；it's cold outside.Put up your hand if you think you know the answer.She put her needlework down and we had a talk. in particular 尤其，特别【课本原句】 In the Olympics Games in particular，Australian performers often win a greater percentage of medals than many of their competitors.(P15)尤其是在奥运会上，澳大利亚运发动经常比他们的竞争对手赢得更多的奖牌。be particular about/over 对讲究，挑剔go into/enter particulars 详细表达do nothing in particular 无所事事看看高考怎么考A_particular_danger(一个特别的危险)was thought to lie in public baths.(·卷·阅读理解C)Wild camping is not permitted in many places，particularly(尤其) in crowded lowland Britain.(·卷·阅读理解E)她特别讲究衣着。She_is_very_particular_about_her_clothes.Do you enjoy the dinner?Yes.The whole meal was good and the wine _ was excellent.(·邵东一中11月月考)Ain common Bin totalCin particular Din general答案C seize control of 掌控；获取的控制权【课本原句】 In 1458，the Turks defeated the Greeks and seized control of Athens.(P18)1458年，土耳其人打败了希腊人并控制了雅典。lose control of 失去对的控制in control of 掌管；管理；控制in/under the control of 在的控制下out of control 失控bring/get.under control 控制住；抑制住看看高考怎么考The money set aside in negotiated trade­offs and the institutions that control(控制) it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines.(·卷·阅读理解D)Now all the branch companies _ the board of the united group.(·省第3次月考英语试卷)Aare all in control of Bseize control ofCare under the control of Dtake the control of 答案C it is possible (for sb) to do 句型【课本原句】 For those who love outdoor activities，it is possible to hike，sail，cross­country ski or travel by snowmobile for hoursor even dayswithout meeting another person.(P2)对于热爱户外活动的人来说，在远足、帆船运动、越野滑雪或雪车旅行中，他们可能好几个小时甚至好几天都碰不到一个人。辨析 possible/likely/probable(1)相同点是：三者均可以构成：It is (was) possible/probable/likelythat从句。It is possible/likely/probable that the cost will be greater than what we think.花费有可能/很可能/极有可能比我们料想的要大。(2)不同点是：probable和possible不能用人作主语，常用it作主语，可以构成it is/was possible/probable for sb to do sth 但不能说it is/was likely for sb to do sth。likely既用人也可用物作主语，可以构成sb is/was likely to do sth但不能说sb is/was possible/probable to do sth。It will be possible for you to get there before eight o'clock.You will be likely to get there before 8 o'clock. 你很可能在8点钟之前赶到那里。【注意】 此句型不用人作主语。 他可能干了这种事。 He was possible to do such a thing.(×)It was possible for him to do such a thing.()看看高考怎么考To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and _(那是不可能的) speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.(·卷·阅读理解A)答案it is not possible toTomorrow is Sunday and he has a day off，so he is _ to attend our party.(·湖南津市一中月考)Aprobable Bpossible Clikely Dpossibility答案C.单词拼写1Australia produces one sixth of the wool in the world and exported it to many different countries.2In 1986，the Chinese government introduced a law that every Chinese child should have nine years of compulsory education.3His devotion of too much time to work leaves little time for him to stay with his family.4Each classroom in our school is equipped with necessary electric equipment.5Considering his young age，his participation in the game was really worthy of praise.6The explosion(爆炸) caused 12 deaths and scores of injuries.7The lighting of the Olympic torch represents(象征)peace and friendship among the nations of the world.8As you go further south，you will notice a gradual(逐渐的)change of climate.9The subject of safety is high on the agenda(议事日程)for this afternoon's meeting.10The guards at the gate are responsible for the safety(平安).短语填空be fond of；second only to；be shaped like；cater to；owing to；be bound to；put aside；in total；equip sb for；as far as.is/are concerned1Our city has an area of 20，000 square kilometers，second_only_to the largest city in our province.2The Sydney Opera House's roof_is_shaped_like a ship's sails.3Owing_to the heavy rain，we were late for the conference.4As_far_as_I_am_concerned，I would rather go to the UK for further study.5They only publish novels which cater_to the mass market.6You've done so much workyou are_bound_to pass the exam.7The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.8The repairs came to 500 in_total.9They decided to put_aside their differences.10Mary is very fond_of telling other people what to do.翻译句子1一个由20名医生和30名护士组成的医疗队被派到灾区了。(consist of )A_medical_team_consisting_of_20_doctors_and_30_nurses_was_sent_to_the_disaster_area.2我父亲以前烟瘾很大，但由于健康原因他一年前把烟戒了。(owing to)My_father_used_to_smoke_a_lot/used_to_be_a_heavy_smoker，but_he_gave_up_smoking_a_year_ago_owing_to_his_health.3就我个人而言，你来不来都没关系。(as far as.concerned)As_far_as_I'm_concerned，it_makes_no_difference_whether_you_will_come_or_not.4老板对你的表现不满意，换句话说，你这次面试失败了。(in other words)The_boss_is_not_satisfied_with_your_other_words，you_have_failed_in_the_job_interview.5他已在这个工程中投入了大量的时间和精力。(invest)He_has_invested_lots_of_time_and_energy_in_this_project.单项填空1What an _ pleasure! My granny，whom I hadn't seen for years，turned up at my 18th birthday party.Aunbelievable BimpressiveCinspiring Dunexpected 答案Dunexpected pleasure意想不到的快乐。2Peace talks between the two countries broke down with no agreement reached，for neither side _ the differences.Aput forward Bput offCput away Dput aside答案Dput aside把放到一边；抛开。3I'm afraid that Miss Liu can't help to teach you how to send an e­mail，for she is _ herself in typing a report for the boss.Adevoting BoccupyingCputting Dfinding 答案Boccupy oneself in (doing) sth忙于。4We can visit you on Saturday or Sunday.It is up to you，because our plan are fairly _.Aflexible BreliableCpossible