（整理版高中英语）高一英语Module1Friendship(II)人教实验.doc

高一英语Module 1 Friendship (II) 人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Module 1 Friendship (II)二. 重点语法讲解 本单元语法直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语的运用贯穿了整个高中教材，具有很强的交际功能，常与动词的时态和语态结合起来考查。 直接引语就是一字不改地引用或复述别人的话，被引用或复述的局部必须放在引号中，其位置常放在句尾或句首。间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的局部不必用引号，一般用宾语从句表达。 下面从如何把直接引语转化为间接引语方面来谈谈其用法和需要注意的问题。一需要注意的几种变化 1. 人称的变化 直接引语中的人称要根据间接引语中的主语来做适当的变化。 aShe said, “I like singing English songs very much. 她说：“我非常喜欢唱英文歌曲。 She said (that) she liked singing English songs very much. 她说她非常喜欢唱英文歌。 bHe said to me, “Ive left my book in your room. 他对我说：“我把书忘在你的房间了。 He told me (that) he had left his book in my room. 他告诉我他把书忘在我的房间了。 2. 时态的变化 在间接引语中，如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应的变化。直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时3. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化指示代词时间状语地点状语动词this that thesethosenow then today that day next week the next week last month the month before yesterday the day before tomorrow the next(following) day two days ago two days before here therethis place that place come gobring take 二直接引语改为间接引语的运用在以下各句的转变过程中，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1. 陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导that在口语中常省略，谓语动词用said或say。 1She often says, “China is great. She often says (that) China is great. 2The teacher said, “Ill give you an exam tomorrow. The teacher said he would give us an exam the next day. 2. 感慨句 直接引语如果是感慨句，变为间接引语时，改为宾语从句且感慨号变成句号。 3“How interesting the story is!the boy says. The boy remarks with admiration (that) the story is interesting. 3. 祈使句 转述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，如果是带please的祈使句，那么用ask sb. to do sth.结构；如果是表示命令的祈使句，那么用tell / order sb. to do sth.结构；如果祈使句为否认式，那么要用ask / tell / order sb. not to do sth.结构。 4The mother said to her son, “Please close the door. The mother asked her son to close the door. 5The teacher said, “Dont make so much noise, boys and girls. The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noise. 6He said to me, “Bring your dictionary here. He told me to take my dictionary there. 4. 一般疑问句 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether或if来引导，宾语从句用陈述句语序。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked, 没有间接宾语时，可以加一个间接宾语如me, him或us等。 7She said, “Are you interested in English? She asked me if / whether I was interested in English. 8Jack said, “Did you see Wei Fang last night? Jack asked (me) whether / if I had seen Wei Fang the night before. 5. 特殊疑问句 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，宾语从句中要用原来的特殊疑问词接陈述句语序。 9He asked me, “Where have you bought the pen? He asked me where I had bought the pen. 10She said to Li Ping, “When will you fly to Hangzhou? She asked Li Ping when he would fly to Hangzhou. 6. 选择疑问句 直接引语如果是选择疑问句，变为间接引语时，宾语从句要用if / whether or 结构。 11Andrews said, “Will you go shopping or play basketball this afternoon? Andrews asked me if / whether I would go shopping or play basketball this afternoon. 7. 反意疑问句 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，变为间接引语时，宾语从句要用whether or not结构，不能用if or not结构。 12“You are doing your homework, arent you?she said to me. She asked me whether I was doing my homework or not.三直接引语变为间接引语时需注意的几个问题 1. 陈述句中的直接引语假设为劝告用语时，常变为advise sb. (not) to do sth.形式。 13 “You should go back home at once. he said to me. He advised me to go back home at once. 14My wife said, “Youd better not smoke. My wife advised me not to smoke. 2. 当直接引语表示客观真理时，原来的时态不变。 15The physics teacher said, “Light travels much faster than sound. The physics teacher said (that) light travels much faster than sound. 3. 直接引语变为间接引语时，如果动作发生的时间还没有过去，那么时间状语可不变；如果直接引语中有具体的过去时间作状语时，改为间接引语后保持原来的一般过去时态；如果动作发生的地点没变，那么地点状语可不变。 16The headmaster said, “Well hold a meeting tonight. The headmaster said (that) we / they would hold a meeting tonight. 17The girl said, “My brother joined the army in . The girl said (that) her brother joined the army in . 18The guests said, “Well have supper here. The guests said they would have supper here. 4. 直接引语为虚拟语气时，那么保持原来的时态不变。 19My father said, “It is time that we had lunch. My father said it was time that we had lunch.【模拟试题】I. 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。1. He asked me _ I would go to Beijing by air the next day. A. that if B. if C. that whether D. how2. Joyce, please dont open the window. Pardon? I _ open the window. A. tell you dont B. tell you not to C. told you didnt D. told you not to3. He _ they didnt start early they wouldnt catch the first bus. A. said that if B. asked if C. asked whether D. said that whether4. He asked _ for the violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much I paid D. how much did I pay 5. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. () A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 6. The doctor asked me what _ with me. A. is wrong B. wrong is C. was wrong D. wrong was 7. He asked the boy where _. A. his mother was B. was his mother C. his mother is D. is his mother8. They said at last that they _ better start out at once. A. had had B. had C. had been D. was 9. The teacher said that doubt _ the key of knowledge. A. were B. are C. was D. is10. The actor said he _ born in 1984. A. was B. is C. be D. had been11. Our teacher asked us _ our dictionaries to school.A. bring B. brought C. bringing D. to bring12. The teacher told the boy students _ football on the grass.A. not play B. not to play C. played D. playing13. _ Tom didnt go to school?A. Do you know how B. Why do you know C. How you know why D. Do you know why14. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _ that prevents her from being as happy as before?A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how15. Betty asked her sister _ to the railway station to see her off.A. not to come B. not to go C. to not come D. to not go16. The pupil asked his teacher _ round the earth.A. that the moon goes B. that the moon went C. whether the moon goes D. whether the moon went17. Mr. Li _ Wang Ling _ a taxi to the airport.A. asked; take B. asked; taking C. told; take D. told; to take18. She asked him _.A. whose dictionary this is B. whose dictionary that was C. whose dictionary is this D. whose dictionary that is19. Marys mother asked her _.A. that whether she had finished her homework B. if she has finished her homeworkC. if she had finished her homework D. that if she had finished her homework20. Do you know _?A. what is he doing B. what he doingC. what he is doing D. what does he do now21. I dont know _ to learn English.A. when did he begin B. when he beganC. he when began D. when he begins22. He asked me _.A. how would the weather be like tomorrow B. what the weather would be like the next dayC. how the weather would be like tomorrow D. what would the weather be like the next day23. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Spring Festival presents.A. how excited they were B. how excited were they C. how they were excited D. they were how excited24. She told me that she _ by her relatives at the bus stop.A. had been seen off B. have seen off C. have been seen off D. had seen off25. Do you remember how many times _ to Australia?A. had you been B. did you go C. have you been D. you have been26. Can you guess _?A. what is that man B. who that man is C. whom that man is D. who is that man27. More and more students and teachers have began to know _.A. how important the foreign language are B. how the foreign language is important C. how important the foreign language is D. how important is the foreign language28. The hostess said that it _ time that they _ supper.A. was; had B. was; had had C. is; have D. is; have had29. The boss asked his secretary _ he had finished typing the report _.A. if; or not B. if; not C. whether; or not D. whether; not30. I wonder how much _.A. does he spend on his car B. did he spend on his car C. he spent on his car D. he spent in his carII. 将以下直接引语变为间接引语，间接引语变为直接引语。1. Mr. stone said, “May I have a cup of tea? Mr. stone _.2. The nurse said, “Let the children wash their hands themselves. The nurse _.3. My uncle said, “Do not open the window. My uncle _.4. John asked Mary, “ What do you know about the sea? John asked Mary _.5. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The teacher said that _.6. The teacher told Tom to be careful with his pronunciation. _.7. She asked me to open the door. _.8. My mother advised me to have a good rest._.9. Peter asked me when I would leave Athens. _.10. He asked me how I was getting along with my studies then._.【试题答案】I. 15 BDACD 610 CABDA 1115 DBDAB1620CDBCC2125BBAAD2630 BCACCII. 1. Mr. stone asked if / whether he might have a cup of tea. 2. The nurse suggested (that) the children (should) wash their hands themselves. 3. My uncle told us not to open the window. 4. John asked Mary what she knew about the sea. 5. The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 6. The teacher said, “Be careful with your pronunciation, Tom. 7. “Would you please open the door? she asked. 8. “Why not have a good rest? my mother said to me. 9. “When will you leave Athens? Peter asked me. 10. He asked me, “How are you getting along with your studies now?