初中英语中考常考短语动词汇总（共30个）.doc

中考英语常考短语动词01.agree with 同意；赞同：I quite agree with him on the sports. 我非常同意他在运动方面的观点。 与相符；与一致：His words do not agree with his actions. 他言行不一致。 常用于否定句 (食物等) 适合：Too much meat doesnt agree with her. 她不宜吃太多肉。 02.hold on 抓着不放；坚持：She held on to me tightly. 她紧紧地抓住我。I will hold on to my dream and never give it up. 我要坚持自己的梦想，永不放弃。 电话用语 别挂断；等一下：Can you hold on? Ill see if the managers in the office. 先别挂电话行吗？我去看看经理在不在办公室。03.make up 不用于进行时 组成；构成：In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words used in daily conversations. 在一些语言中，100个词就构成了一半的日常会话用语。 编写；编造：At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. 在第一次会议上，你要编写出一个规章手册。 为化妆：They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play. 在演这出戏的最后一幕时，他们把他打扮成一个老头。04.pick up 拿起；拾起：The phone rang and I picked it up. 电话响了，我接了起来。I picked up the rubbish and threw it into the trash can. 我把垃圾拾起来，扔进垃圾桶。(车辆等) 中途搭 (人)；中途带 (货)：Ive got to pick up my daughter from school at four oclock. 我四点钟得去学校接女儿。 营救；救起：Twenty men fell into the water and were picked up by other boats. 二十人落水后，被其他船只救起。(偶然地、无意地) 得到；学会 (语言)；买到：She picked up Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely.她在日本时学会了日语，现在她日语讲得很流利。We managed to pick up a few bargains in the market. 我们从市场上买到了几件便宜货。 接收到：We were able to pick up the BBC World Service. 我们能收听到英国广播公司的国际广播节目。重提 (话题)；恢复 (健康等)：He picks up this theme again in later chapters of the book. 在该书的后几章，他又重回到这个主题上。05.take up 开始 (从事)；占用Rogers took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest. 罗杰斯学了一段时间的绘画，但很快便失去了兴趣。Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day. 开会和接电话占用了一天中的大部分时间。06.turn out 制造；生产；培养出：The factory turns out 900 cars a week. 这家工厂一周生产九百辆汽车。 原来 (是)；证明 (是)；结果 (是)：Unexpectedly the weather turned out pretty nice that day. 出乎意料的是，那天天气特别好。It turned out that his brother died of a heart attack. 原来他的兄弟死于心脏病。07. work out 算出；总共达：Im just trying to work out how much I spend each month. 我正在尽力算出我每月的开销。 解决；把弄清楚：To work out the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. 为了解出这道数学难题，我已经请教拉塞尔教授好几次了。 制定 (出)：Trained exercise teachers can help you work out a training plan and keep you active. 训练有素的体育老师能帮你制定一套训练计划，使你保持活力。 产生结果；被证明有效：Everything worked out OK in the end. 事情的结果还不错。I want to follow Davids example but it never worked out for me. 我想效仿大卫的做法，但这对我没有效果。 锻炼；训练：I go to the sports club and work out once a week. 我一周去一次体育馆锻炼。08.get through 到达；通过；打通：She got through the examination. 她通过了考试。Focusing on that goal helps me get through tough times. 专注于那一目标帮我熬过了艰难时期。I tried phoning her office, but I couldnt get through. 我试过打她办公室电话，但没打通。09.make out 勉强看见；听见：I could barely make out the stage in the darkness. 黑暗中我几乎看不见舞台。I could hear voices but I couldnt make out what manage they were saying.我能听到说话的声音，但听不清他们在说什么。 理解；弄清：His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out what he is trying to express. 他的笔迹模糊不清，很难弄清他到底想表达什么。 写出；开列：She was making out a list of people to invite. 她正在写一份邀请名单。 10.put up 举起；抬起；提高：Put up your hands if you have any questions.如果有问题请举手。They have put up the rent by $200 a month. 他们把每月的租金提高了200美元。 公布；张贴 (布告、相片等)：Posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth. 校园中到处张贴着海报，号召我们加入到让地球更环保的行动中去。 建造 (房屋等)；搭建：Theyve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. 最近他们盖起了很多高楼大厦。 留宿；住宿：I was hoping Kenny could put me up for a few days. 我希望肯尼能让我留宿几天。11.set down 记下；放下：I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。12.turn over 翻身；(使) 翻转；翻过 (书页):He did not fall asleep, turning over in bed from time to time. 他没睡着，在床上时不时地翻身。Dont turn over the page yet. 先别把这页翻过去。 移交：He turned over the work to the secretary. 他把工作移交给了秘书。13.break down (机器等) 出故障；(身体等) 垮掉；(情感等) 失控：On my way to the station my car broke down. 去车站的路上，我的车坏了。Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 她的身体在工作压力下垮掉了。He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his newspapers. 想到没卖掉所有的报纸，他禁不住哭了起来。(谈判等) 失败：Talks between the two sides have broken down. 双方的谈判破裂了。 把分若干部分 (以方便做或理解)：Each lesson is broken down into several units. 每一课都分成几部分。14.look down upon 轻视；看不起：Never look down on people less superior than you. 不要轻视不如你的人。15.look up to 尊敬；仰视：I look up to him because hes a real artist. 我尊敬他，因为他是个真正的艺术家。16.die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐降低;When the applause had died down, she began her speech. 掌声渐渐消失时，她开始讲话。The wind has died down a bit. 风小了一点。 17.get over 越过；克服 ；恢复过来：I dont know how we are going to get over these difficulties. 我不知道我们怎样才能克服这些困难。We are certain that he will get over his illness. 我们相信他一定会战胜疾病。18. go by 走过；流逝；过去：Everything will get easier as time goes by. 随着时间的推移，一切都会好起来的。19. go over 从一处到 (另一处)；温习：We went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower. 我们到卖花的人身边，问她我们能不能买朵花。Let us go over your answer again. 让我们再检查一下你的答案。Ive got to go over my notes for tomorrows exam. 我必须复习笔记准备明天的考试。20.look into 调查：The police are looking into the disappearance of two children. 警方正在调查两个孩子失踪的事件。21.put down 放下：Once I started reading the mystery novel, I just couldnt put it down. 一旦我开始读那本悬疑小说，就再也放不下了。 写下；记下：Please put down your name and address here. 请把您的姓名和地址写在这儿。22.run away from 逃走；躲避The thief heard the noise and ran away quickly. 小偷听到声音，匆忙逃走了。Its irresponsible of you to run away from difficulties. 见了困难就躲是不负责的。 23.take in 吸入；收留：Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen. 树木吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。He was homeless, so we took him in. 他无家可归，于是我们收留了他。 理解：It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying. 过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。 欺骗：She took me in completely with her story. 她用一番花言巧语完全把我骗住了。 24.wear out 穿破；磨损：Ive already worn out two pairs of shoes this year. 今年我已经穿破两双鞋了。(使) 疲乏；(使) 耗尽；(使) 厌倦：These birds are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. 这些鸟因过度鸣叫面临着累坏自己的危险。25.break up(使) 破碎：The water was covered with ice, which couldsometimes break up without warning. 水面上覆盖着冰，这些冰有时会突然破碎。 (使) (关系等) 破裂：Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up. 听到苏和保罗分手了我很惊讶。They decided to break up their partnership. 他们决定结束合作关系。 分解；分拆：break the company up into several smaller ones 把公司分拆成几家小公司 驱散；解散：The police came running and broke up the crowd. 警察跑过来把人群驱散了。 26.bring about 引起；造成：Science has brought about many changes in our lives. 科学给我们的生活带来了诸多变化。27.bring up 常用于被动语态 抚养；养育；教养：His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother.在他年幼时父亲就去世了，他是由母亲抚养长大的。 提出 (讨论等)：Every time I bring the matter up, he changes the subject. 每当我提起这件事，他就会转移话题。 28.build upHe has built (up) his business over the years. 这些年来他逐步建立起了自己的生意。Outdoor activities are really helpful in building up my body and enriching my school life. 户外活动确实对我增强体质和丰富学校生活有益。 29.carry out 实行；执行：I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan. 实施这个计划我有些困难。They just carried out the order as told. 他们只是按命令行事。e across 偶然遇到；碰见：When reading articles related to science, we often come across difficult or unfamiliar words. 读与科学相关的文章时，我们常常碰到难词或生词。 被理解：He spoke for a long time, but his meaning did not come across. 他讲了很久，但还是没有把意思讲明白。6