中考英语同义句转换专题复习3.doc

同义句型转换 同义句转换题是近几年英语中考的一个常考题型,它综合考查语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析,我们发现这类题目主要考查以下几个方面:一、运用同义词(组)进行转换 运用同义词或词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school. The teacher always _ _the children well in the school.分析:答案为looks after。take good care of与look after. well都表示“好好照顾”。二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换 运用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词或词组的积累及换位思维的能力。如:I think wealth is less important than health. I _think wealth is _ important than health.分析:答案为dont, more。less important的意为“没有(不及)重要”;more important的意为“比更重要”,该结构与not连用,则表示“不比更重要”。三、运用不同语态进行转换 运用语态的变化来完成同义句转换,但此时要特别注意时态、数等的一致性。如:More and more people use computers in the world today. Computers _ _by more and more people in the world today. 分析:答案为are used。computers是复数名词,助动词用are。四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换 涉及到完成时态的题目, 还应注意非延续性动词与延续性动词间的转换,这时句子往往会有形式、时态等的变化。如:The film began five minutes ago. The film has been _ _five minutes. 分析:答案为on for。begin表开始,为非延续性动词,应变为相应的延续性动词be。“for+时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”,常与现在完成时连用。五、直接引语与间接引语的相互转换 将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语要注意宾语从句相关知识, 如时态、人称、动词、状语等的相应变化。如:“Ive found my wallet,” he said to me.He _me that he _ _ his wallet.分析:答案为told, had found。此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。六、某些典型句式或结构间的转换 这类典型的句式或结构有so.that.,too.to., enough to, not.until., so+be(助动词、情态动词等).等。如:Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.Jim wants to go boating, and _ _ his parents. 分析:答案为so do。句意为“他的父母也一样(一样想去)”。七、不同句子类型间的转换 1)将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如: We didnt go out for a walk because it was raining. We didnt go out for a walk _ _ the rain. 分析:答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语because of the rain。 2)将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如: Come on, or well miss the early bus. _we _hurry, well miss the early bus. 分析:答案为If, dont。改后为if引导条件状语从句。 3) 运用关联连词如both. and., neither. nor., either. or., not only. but also.等将两个句合并。此时要注意的是,both. and.连接两个主语时,谓语动词总是用复数,而neither. nor., either. or., not only. but also.连接两个主语时,谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如:Tom cant speak Japanese well and Jim cant, either._Tom _ Jim can speak Japanese well. 分析:答案填Neither, nor。neither. nor.表示“和(两者)都不”,刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。