公共英语三级学习知识重点.doc

/.一、挑错题牢记16大项原则（一）、主谓搭配一致原则1、划线错通常在is/are/was/were/has been/have been/has/have/do/does，动词的第三人称单数。Feel当“感觉起来”的意思，类似于are。feel like。动词的单数加“s、es”，名词的复数加 “s、es”2、如果两个名词只有一个限定词The，那么后面的谓语动词应该是单数形式。The singer and dancer is.翻译成“兼”3、one of作主语是后面的谓语动词通常用单数。One of the people is.Everyone和does连用4、复数分子和分母+名词时，谓语动词与分子分母没有关系，和后面的名词形式有关。Three fifths the books are.后面的谓语动词用复数形式。Three fifths the book is.A pair of/a kind of等后面加名词时，谓语动词常用单数形式。A pair of glasses is missing.主语是pair，眼镜的一副。A number of=many许多A number of books araThe number of books isThe number of.的数量 5、A as well as B 主语是A6、倒装+主谓搭配一致原则（二）、强调原则1、It is/wasthatW (which/what/whose/where/when.)给括号里面的就是错误的。（三）、倒装原则Only/never/not /neither/so/.+谓语动词，紧跟的动词基本都是错误的。At on time under no circumstances by no means at no time =neverat no reteon no account含not 的介词短语in no time=soonIn no time can he admit his mistake.应用成at no time.Only+状语（状语从句）是主句要倒装的。套连词的都是从句，找主句动词那是错的。Only yeasterday did he tell me everything.Have、has、had后有过去分词，才能进行疑问、倒装、否定，没有过去分词，要借助其他词。She has left，so has he? She has three sister，so do I.（四）、并列原则And/than/either.or/neithernor/the same as/but如果并列没有错，连词本身有错。前后并列词要相同，左右前后要一致，出错基本都在后面的词。并列有时没出现连词，要看句子、标点等。（五）、反义疑问句前面肯定，后面否定，前面否定，后面肯定It is hot, isnt it?It is hot, is it?He seldom sleep late, does he?他从不睡觉很晚祈使句、反义疑问句用will两种特殊Let us sit down, will you?Lets sit down, shall we?祈使句固定的will you?Sit down, will you?Dont smoke, will you?主语有含宾语从句，宾语从句进行反义疑问。A side B did sth,didnt B?He said you were late, werent you?（六）、否定词原则Not/never/hardly/seldom.若句子中出现两个或两个以上的否定词，则找划线的否定词最有可能错。too：是肯定句的“也”。I like red，me too.either：是否定句的“也”。I wont like red，me either.either：两者中的任何一个都。Either of them，all right. 当代词用。either：或者或者。Either.or三个重要的作用：否定词在句首要倒装，紧挨着否定词的动词基本都是错误的。句子中出现否定词，就是否定句，反义疑问句要用可定。挑错题中出现两个或两个以上的否定词，被划线的否定词是错误的。（七）、时态和语态最爱考完成时，现在完成时、过去完成时、一般现在时。1、一般现在时主将从现原则：在when/before/after/until/as soon as/if/unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，主将从现。从句中不能够出现will。If it is fine tomrrow,I climb the hill. If做“如果”，后面不能出现将来时。感官动词不能用现在进行时，要用一般现在时。look、sound、tastesmell、feel2、现在完成时Sincehas/have done sth in during /over the past / last five years/days/weeksin during last five yearsduring the past.has/have done3、过去完成时，过去的过去had donehe side he had done.I thought he had left4、一般过去时yesterday、ago这些词出现，和did连用what did you do yesterday?After和一般时态连用。5、主动、被动不及物动词没有被动语态。eat、sleep、play、failhave you noticed her coat is wet?she must be caught in the rain.must have been，肯定已经被must be一般现在时态。表示肯定经常是，肯定经常被，肯定将要是，肯定将要被。（八）、比较级两者之间比较 far/by far/much/still/even等表示“非常”，后加比较级，表示非常的多。前后要并列平行。much taller很长形容词、副词用more，不再用er两个事物不能出现最高级，两者用比较，三者用最高。（九）、虚拟语气（红皮书后面的词）If had done.,would/could/might have done.If you had come earlier yeasterday,you would have met her.Had done,would have done.Had you come earlier yeasterday,you would have met her.would have done.,but+过去时He would have gone abroad,but he was poor then.Wished that sb had doneWould rather / it is about time+sb did sthBut for air and water,there wouldnt be life. 一贯事实相反，主句要用would be/would do，一般都是空气、阳光、水But for you help,I would not have succeeded. 过去事实相反，主句用would have done（十）、从句原则名词+wh-（which/who/whom/when/where/why/whose）+句子从句连词被划线了，基本都是错的，尤其是连词which。非限定定语从句逗号后不能写that，两句话中要有连词。Lest=for fear that=in case 唯恐，固定连词，后面出现情态助动词，都是should，翻译成“唯恐万一”。红皮书 同位从句 后面用thatsince 有两个意思：自从，既然since后面是一般现在时的句子，翻译成“既然”。如果是一般过去时，就是翻译成“自从”。Since=now that（十一）、感叹句So/how beautiful 形容词、副词Such/what a beautiful girl 名词（十二）、非谓语动词现在分词表示主动，进行的。过去分词表示被动，完成的。如果都没错，往非谓语动词上选。Having+ed 完成的主动See sb doing sthTo do 将做还没做（有将要的意思）动名词只能加动名词做宾语的动词，红皮书To do不定式用to do主动式或是to do 被动式不定式做主语、动名词作主语，用is做谓语动词。41-63(让)Let/make/have+sb do（十三）、形容词、副词、代词、限定词形容词、副词（搭配和语序）介词后+名词形容词修饰名词副词修饰动（十四）、代词和限定词Found不能直接加to do 不定式做宾语，found要加代词it。78-47Most做最高级“最”时前有the。（非常）very前面有a。（十五）、词义辨析（十六）、did+do 46-48No matter everWill be able to选词不知道哪里错，就往介词上找。在冬天的早上，介词用on早、午、晚前冠词是the，用in the.冠词是a，用on a.早、午、晚、日子介词和on连用先找主谓，再找介词，最后找代词。就语法而言，非谓语动词不对。Like做喜欢用does (介词)Like做像用is