人教出版八年级上册英语期末复习资料提纲.doc

-/初中英语八年级上册复习要点Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?重点短语：（1）go on vacation 去度假（2）stay at home 呆在家（3）go to the mountains 去爬山（4）go to the beach去沙滩（5）visit museums 参观博物馆（6）go to summer camp 夏令营（7）quite a few 相当多，不少（8）study for为而学习（9）go out 出去（10）most of the time大多数时间（11）taste good 尝起来不错（12）have a good time过得愉快（13）feel like 感受到（14）go shopping 去买东西（15）in the past 在过去（16）walk around.四处走走（17）too many 太多（18）because of+短语 因为（19）one bowl of 一碗。（20）find out 查明，弄清（21）take photos 照相（22）something important 重要的事情（23）up and down 上上下下（24）come up 上来,出现（25）of course 当然（26）come down 下来重点语法：（1）Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City.（2）Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.（3）Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father.（4）How was the food? Everything tasted really good.（5）Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was excellent.习惯用法：（1）buy sth for sb./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物（2）taste + adj. 尝起来（3）nothing .but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都没有（4）seem + (to be) + adj 看起来（5）. arrive in + 大地方 arrive at + 小地方 到达某地（6） decide to do sth. 决定做某事（7）. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 （8）try to do sth. 尽力做某事 （9）try ones best to do sth尽力做某事（10）enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事（11）want to do sth. 想去做某事（12）start doing sth. 开始做某事（13）stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来做某事（14）look + adj 看起来（15）dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事（16）Why not do sth. 为什么不做.呢？（17）so + adj + that + 从句 如此以至于（18）tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事（19） keep doing sth. 继续做某事（20）.forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth忘记做过某事（已做）词语辨析：anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here. seem + 形容词 看起来.You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seems / seemed + that来好像；似乎.seem like .好像，似乎.It seems like a god idea. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。 He started doing his homework. over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much. because of 因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因。I dont buy it because it was too expensive. too,to太.以至于不能.Mother is too tired to go to school. have fun doing sth享受做某事的乐趣Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短语：（1） help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事（2）go shopping去买东西（3）on weekends 在周末（4）how often 多少次（5）hardly ever几乎从不（6）once a week 一星期一次（7）twice a month一个月两次（8）go to the movies 去看电影（9）every day 每天（10）use the Internet上网（11）be freebe not busy=have time 有空（12）have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈和钢琴课（13）swing dance 摇摆舞（14）play tennis 打网球（15）stay up late熬夜到很晚（16）go to sleep 睡觉（17）go to bed上床睡觉（18）at least 至少，不少于（19）go to bed early 上床睡觉早（20）play sports 做运动（21）be good for 对.有好处（22）be good at doing sth擅长做某事（23）go camping去野营（24）in ones free time 在某人的业余时间（25）the most popular 最受欢迎（26）such as 例如.像.这样（27）go to the dentist看牙科医生（28）more than 多于（29）old habits die hard 旧习难改（30）less than 少于（31）junk food垃圾食品（32）take care of sb 照料某人（33）look after sb照顾某人（34）have to dosth必须做某事（35）get in进入（36）be late for迟到语法要点：（1）What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.（2）What do they do on weekends? They often help my mother with housework.（3）What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.（4）How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month.（5）How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV.（6）Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.习惯用法：1. help sb. with sthhave sb do sth帮助某人做某事2. How about doing? .怎么样？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句 5. 主语+ find+ that 从句 发现6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事9. by doing sth. 通过做某事10. Whats your favorite.?你最喜欢的是什么？11 start doing sth. 开始做某事12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式13.full of满的14.what about doingsth？ 做某事怎么样？15.not.at all 一点儿也不 I dont like it at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢它。词语辨析：1. free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 2. How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?3. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。 Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.4. go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.5. find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door.6. percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.7. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.8. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。Im afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now.9. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词， 有时。Sometimes I get up very early. sometime 副词，某个时候。I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时 I ll stay here for some time. 10.how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how far 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister短语归纳与用法：（1）more outgoing更外向 15）asas与一样 （2）the singing competition唱歌比赛 （16）be similar to与相像的/类似的 （3）the same as和相同；与一致 （17）be different from与不同（4）care about关心；介意 （18）be like a mirror像一面镜子 （5）the most important最重要的 （19）as long as只要；既然 （6）bring out使显现；使表现出 （20）get better grades取得更好的成绩（7）reach for伸手取 （21）in fact事实上；实际上 （8）make friends交朋友 （22）the other其他的（9）touch ones heart感动某人 （23）be talented in music有音乐天赋（10）be good at擅长 （24）be good with善于与相处（11）have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 （25）be good at doing sth擅长做某事 （12）make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 （26）want to do sth.想要做某事 （13）as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样 （14）Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 语法知识：（1）Is Tom smarter than Sam? No,he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom.（2）Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.（3）Are you as friendly as your sister? No, Im not. Im friendlier.（4）Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does.（5）Whos more hardworking at school? Tina thinks she works harder than me.词语辨析：（1）laugh v. & n. 笑He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。（与at连用）嘲笑Dont laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。名词：笑；笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。（2）though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = althoughThough it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。注意：在though引导的从句后不使用but。如：though adv. 不过，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。Jim said that he would come, he didnt , though. Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater重点句型：1. It has the biggest screens.2. The DJs choose songs the most carefuly.3. How do you like it so far? 到目前为止，你认为它怎么样？4. Thanks forget telling me.5. Can I ask you some questions?重点短语：（1）movie theater电影院 （2）be close to离近 （3）clothes store服装店 （4）in town在镇上（5）so far到目前为止 （6）10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟路程 （7）talent show才艺表演（8）have.in common 有相同特征（想法、兴趣方面）相同 （9）around the world世界各地；全世界（10）more and more越来越（11）and so on等等 （12）all kinds of各种各样的 （13）be up to由决定（14）not everybody并不是每个人（15）make up编造（故事、谎言等） （16）play a role in在方面发挥作用/有影响（17）play a role in doing sth. 发挥做某事的作用（18）no problem 没什么，别客气（19）for example例如 （20） takeseriously认真对待 （21）give sb. sth.给某人某物（22）come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到（23）Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。（24）much+ adj./adv.的比较级 得多（25）watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事（26）one of+可数名词的复数 之一（27）Can I ask you some?我能问你一些吗？（28）How do you like? （29）What do you think of?你认为怎么样?（30）how much.?多少钱？（31）How far?多远？（32）How many?多少？（33）How long.?多长？Unite 5 Do you want to a game show?重要短语：（1）find out 查明，弄清 （2） be ready to do 准备好做某事 （3）dress up 装扮，乔装打扮 （4）take sbs place代替，替换 （5）do a good job 干得好（6） think of +名词或动词短语认为.（7）game shows游戏节目 （8）learn from向学习从.获得（9）talk shows 脱口秀 （10）soap opera肥皂剧（11）go on 发生 （12） watch a movie 观看一场电影（13）one ofthe main reasons 最主要的原因之一（14）watch a sitcom观看一部情景喜剧（15）action movies 动作电影（16） come out 出版，发行（17）try ones best 尽力，竭尽全力 （18）a pair of一双，一对（19）as famous as一样著名 （20）look like 看起来像（21）around the world 世界各地 （22）have a discussion about就.讨论（23）one day有一天 （24）such as比如（25）a symbol of.的象征（26）something enjoyable令人愉快的东西（27）interesting information有趣的资料 （28）happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 （29）expect to do sth.盼望做某事 （30）TV shows 电视节目重要句型：（1）What do you think of talk shows? I dont mind them.（2）I hope to be a TV reporter one day. How about you?常用法：（1） let sb do sth. 让某人做某事 （2） plan to do sth.计划做某事（3） hope to do sth. 希望做某事 （4） mind doing sth 介意做某事（5） expect to do sth. 期待做某事（6） How（what） about doing做某事怎么样？（7） be always ready to do sth. 总是准备做某事 （8） try ones best to do sth.尽力做某事（9） become +adj 变得.（10） not so .as 不像那样.；不如.这么 （11） thank you for doing sth 谢谢你做某事Thank you for sth 谢谢你的（12） love doing sth 喜爱做某事语词辨析： 1.the other, the others, other, others, another the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分，常用one the other。例：He has two apples, one is red, the other is green.There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys.the others 特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物），是the other的复数形式，相当于the other+复数名词。the other + 复数名词 = any other + 名词单数。例：You two stay here, the others go with me. other 作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复数。We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects.others 作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”。 例：Some students are doing homework, others are talking loudly.another 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例：I dont like this one. Please show me another one. 2.find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到 Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.3. go on 发生，与 take place 同义I wonder what was going on. 4.happen v.发生，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。Sth + happens to sb. Sth + happens + 地点/时间：某地/某时发生了某事Happen v，表示“碰巧”，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式to,表示“碰巧”.Sb + happens to do sth.I happened to see my uncle on the street.* take place 意为“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：Great changes have taken place in China.The meeting will take place next Friday.5.expect v. 期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种结构：1)expect + 名词/代词，期待某事/某人，预计可能发生。Im expecting Li Lins letter.2)expect to do sth. 预计做某事Lily expects to come back next week.3)expect sb. to do sth.I expect my mother to come back early.4)expect + 从句 预计I expected that Ill come back next Monday.6. serious a. 严肃的，认真的。 He is a serious man.be serious about sb/sth. 对某人/某事当真be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真 Unit 6 Im going to study computer science短语：1. grow up成长；长大 2. every day每天 3. be sure about对有把握 4. make sure确信；务必 5. want to do sth.想要做某事6. sendto把送到 7. be able to能 8. the meaning of的意思 9. different kinds of不同种类的 10. agree to do sth.同意做某事11. write down写下；记下 12. have to do with关于；与有关系 13. take up开始做；学着做 14. hardly ever几乎不；很少 15. help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事16. tooto太而不能17. love to do sth.喜爱做某事 18. be going to+动词原形 打算做某事 19. practice doing练习做某事 20. keep on doing sth.不断地做某事 21. promise to do sth.许诺去做某事22. learn to do sth.学会做某事 23. finish doing sth.做完某事 24. remember to do sth.记住做某事1be going to的用法1）be going to+动词原形表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语连用，be随主语有am, is, are 的变换肯定句： 主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他。否定句： 主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 + 其他.一般疑问句Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + be.否定回答： No, 主语 + be not.特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？2) 如果表示计划去某地，可直接用 be going to + 地点We are going to Beijing for a holiday.3) 表示位置移动的动词，如go , come, leave 等常用进行时表示将来。 My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week.4) be going to 与 will 的区别： 对未来事情的预测用“ will + 动词原形”表达。 Will planes be large in the future? Yes, they will. / No, they wont.will 常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情，而be going to 指某事肯定发生，常表示事情很快就要发生。 I believe Lucy will be a great doctor. 陈述将来的某个事实用will. I will ten years old next year.表示现在巨大将来要做的事情用 will.Im tired I will go to bed. 表示意愿用will.Ill tell you the truth. 表示计划、打算要做的事情用 be going to,不用 will.2promise vt. 保证，许诺。有三种结构：1)promise to do sth. _My mother promised to buy a piano for me.2)promise sb. sth. _ My aunt promised me a bike.3)promise + that 从句_ Tom promises that he can return on time.promise n. 允诺， 诺言Lily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise.3. practice vt. 练习， 后接名词，代词或v-ing 作宾语。Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room.常跟v-ing 作宾语的动词有：考虑建议盼原谅：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon.承认推迟没得想： admit, delay/put off, fancy.避免错过继续练：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice.否认完成能欣赏： deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate.不禁介意与逃亡： cant help , mind, escape.不准冒险凭想象： forbid, risk, imagine.4. everyday 与 every day 区别everyday adj. 日常的 在句中作定语，位于名词前。 This i