2022年泛读二,期中考试B卷 .pdf

学习必备欢迎下载All the answers should be written down on the answer sheet! Exam time: 90 min Part I Vocabulary (301)Section AFor each underlined word, write down its Chinese meaning in this sentence. 1. The record was a big hit and sold a million copies. _ 2. The body is stimulated to build up resistance. _ 3. The young man is always ready to pay compliment to a pretty young lady. _ 4. Their sympathy was well-meaning but ineffective. _ 5. Should the police be more accountable to the public? _ 6. There was no compulsion on him to go with her. He could stay at home if he liked. _ 7. Many people have been put into prison for tax evasion. _ 8. The vertical cliff was the most striking scenery that I had seen in my journey. _ 9. The pictures give great aesthetic pleasure. _ 10. The little boy looked with a longing at the toys in the shop window. _ Section B Word match 1. vigilance A: use of words which are clearly opposed to one s meaning 2. forfeit B: a person who pays for professional services from a lawyer or a bank 3. client C: watchful care; continual attentiveness 4. strive D: to have sth. Taken away form one because some agreement or rule has been broken 5. irony E: to make a great effort 6. considerate A: to see into or through 7. penetrate B: a human being 8. devastating C: thoughtful of other persons wishes, needs or feelings 9. hospitality D: completely destructive 10. mortal E: welcoming behavior 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载Section C Semantic variations: Choose the right meaning of the italicized word. 1.He has transferred from the warehouse to the accounts office. A.to move to change from one vehicle to another in the course of a journey B.to move from one place, job, position, etc., to another C.to copy recorded material 2.The idea of camping has never appealed to me. A.a strong request for help B.a call to a higher court to change the decision of a lower court C.attractive or interesting 3.An atmosphere of tension filled the room. A.the mixture of gases surrounding the earth B.the air in any given place C.general mood or social environment 4.My instructions seem simple enough-do I have to spell them out again? A.to write the letters of a word B.have (sth) as a result; mean C.make sth clear and easy to understand 5.Tom works in a police station. Now he is out on his beat. A.a blow B.regular stress C.the usual path followed by someone on duty, esp. a policeman 6.Soup condenses when boiled. A.to express in fewer words B.to reduce the volume of C.to become liquid 7. I will can be contracted to I ll . A.to get or begin to have (something bad) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载B.to become smaller C.to arrange by formal agreement 8.He observed that it would probably rain. A.to make a comment B.to see and notice C.to act in accordance with 9.The environmental geological conditions of the Yidu Reach are analyzed in the paper. A.to arrive at B.to stretch out a hand or arm C.part of a river 10. Asia is a bright spot in an otherwise darkening outlook for the world economy. A.future probability B.one s general point of view C.a view from a particular place Part Phrases (52)Rewrite each of the following sentences so that it still means the same, using the phrase in the brackets together with its correct form. 1.The world believed his fantastic story of having got to the Pole alone. (take in) The world _. 2.The book was so popular that there weren t enough copies to supply the demand. (go round) _. 3.I was told that it would be repaired free of charge, but the man in the shop refuses to honor his promise. (go back on) _. 4.That reminds me of the time I climbed to the top if Mount Fuji. (take back) _. 5.I ll explain how it works before you try it yourself. (go over) _. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载Part Cloze (201)The road to a successful broadcast media ( 媒体) career can be very rough. People in the business point out that getting started in the field is often very difficult. To _1_ with, competition for most broadcast jobs can be _2_. Then, once on the job, the _3_ and pressure are often great. Many jobs in broadcasting require long working hours, including nights and weekends. In most _4_, the salaries are not very high. What can you do to enter the career in broadcast media? Getting some kind of practical broadcasting _5_ during high school or college can be extremely important. _6_ the field is so popular, many employers are in a position to select beginners with _7_ skills. You can start by becoming familiar _8_ communications media while still in high school. If there is a media resource department in your school, _9_ to do anything - run the slide and film projectors (放映机 ), work the computers. If there is no media _10_, take photos of games and social _11_. Work on the drama productions or write _12_ the school newspaper. Many beginners in broadcasting start at small local radio or TV stations. Such stations are usually more _13_ than the networks (网络) to take on people with little or _14_ experience. Here, you have a chance to be involved in many _15_ of the broadcast industry and get trained on the job. An important career in broadcasting is in the _16_ field. The biggest need now is _17_ employees to keep the machines in good _18_. This career requires an ability of _19_ with equipment. Skills for most technical jobs can be _20_ through community college and vocational (职业的) school programs. 1. A open B conclude C begin D inform 2. A tough B tight C fantastic D fascinating 3. A rate B pose C rush D pace 4. A accounts B cases C times D occasions 5. A performance B occurrences C experience D programs 6. A Where B However C Although D Because 7. A developed B complicated C duplicated D convinced 8. A to B with C for D in 9. A volunteer B huddle C plunge D cling 10. A instrument B achievement C department D contentment 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载11. A stories B events C necessities D accounts 12. A within B off C with D for 13. A aware B universal C willing D conscious 14. A no B none C more D less 15. A reactions B actions C prospects D aspects 16. A impersonal B technical C manual D skillful 17. A within B with C for D from 18. A position B condition C station D situation 19. A handling B replacing C tracing D working 20. A obtained B required C addressed D revealed Part Reading Comprehension (20 2)Passage 1 Your moral values are your beliefs about what is important in life. Some values refer to how one should act (be honest, unselfish, self-disciplined) while other values refer to what one wants to accomplish or obtain in life (a lot of money, fame, a family, friendships, world peace). Because a person cannot have it all or be all things, priorities must be set and choices made. Setting your priorities often leads to value conflicts. You may want to be successful in your career, but you may also want a more relaxing lifestyle and more time to spend with friends and family. Here, the value of success may come into conflict with the value of family. Some examples of moral values are: integrity, respect, caring, justice and openness. There are many, many moral values; thus, these represent only a very few. To understand and solve a moral dilemma, you must figure out which values are involved in the conflict, prioritize them, and act upon the primary value. The act must be grounded in a moral rule. What is a moral rule? A moral rule is very specific; it is action guiding. It tells you what to do in a specific situation. Moral rules are quite specific about what should be done. Values are general beliefs or attitudes about something we desire or like. Our values very often underlie our moral rules. If my moral rule is always be honest, then my value is honesty. Values only express what 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载it is that we believe has value. Being a moral person requires our knowing how to make good moral decisions by using ethical standards and critical thinking. Sometimes we must choose between what we want to be and what we want or desire. Very often what we have the right to do is not identical with what the right thing to do is. There is not one single decision making procedure which works. 1. According to the passage, life is full of value conflicts because _. Awe find it hard to make a choice between different things Bthere are too many things we dont know how to obtain Cmoney, fame, family and friendship are all valuable for us Dpeople have different standards of values 2. The author describes moral values as _. Athe way one behaves Bthe purpose of life Cthe belief one has about what is valuable in life Dthe things one has to choose in life 3. When solving a moral problem, the author suggests _. Awe take moral value as the rule Bwe consider our choices in accordance with our social values Cwe take into account both values and value rules Dwe base our decision on a moral rule 4. In the third paragraph, the author intends to _. Aemphasize the importance of values in our everyday life Bexplain the difference between values and moral rules Cdefine the role of moral rules when we make a choice Ddescribe what is a moral rule in detail 5. We can infer from the last paragraph that _. Amaking a moral decision is a complex process Bour desires are the causes of moral conflicts Cmoral values are the basic standards of decisions 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载Dmaking good moral decisions requires critical thinking Passage 2 My observation is that many instructors, from elementary school through undergraduate college courses, have a standard, conventional, only one right way approach to the material. A student who does it differently from the instructor is labeled wrong. I believe that such an approach is often the result of the limited intellectual ability of the instructor, who only knows one reliable technique. As a simple example of rigidity (僵化), when I was a pupil in elementary school, the textbook and instructor taught that the definition of a noun was the name of a person, place, or thing. But I had read my mothers old college grammar book, which said that a noun was the name of anything. I liked the latter definition better, because it was logically simpler: any name is a noun. But I was marked wrong for not using the official definition, although the definition I gave on the examination was equivalent. Students who are both intelligent and highly creative often make average grades in school, because these creative students see issues and vagueness in examination problems that the instructor did not intend. Creative students misread the question, according to the view of the conventional instructor. This problem is particularly severe on multiple choice examinations where a creative student can quickly find situations in which either all or none of the answers are correct, whereas a noncreative student who knows the material in a conventional way simply selects the best answer and gets marked correct. Children seem to have an innate sense of curiosity, enthusiasm, and imagination. Mature adults generally lack these qualities. Where did these qualities get lost? I believe that teachers and industrial managers beat these qualities out of people, in order to make them easier to control and manage. In my experience, both as a student and professor, organized education - as a bureaucracy (官僚机构 ) - actively discourages creativity. I believe that creativity can be taught and encouraged in a master-apprentice setting, such as a student working in a research laboratory. 1. According to the author, what is the problem with school education?_ AThe techniques used in teaching are out of date. BTeachers are trying to teach their students in their own way. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载CStudents are encouraged to solve a problem in a fixed way. DSchools do not provide students with proper learning materials. 2. The author points out that the problem is caused by the following EXCEPT _. Ateachers poor qualities Bthe lower academic levels of schools Cteachers lack of instructive skills Dthe lack of learning materials 3. By taking his / her early experience in education as an example, the author intends to _. Aillustrate how teachers are too rigid Bremind us of the importance of early education Ccriticize the unqualified teachers in his elementary school Dappeal for a comprehensive reform in higher education 4. Creative students are more likely to make mistakes in examinations because _. Athey misread the questions in the examinations Bthey find that some problems in the examinations are not clear Cthey tend to understand a question in a vague way Dthey dont like to take direct approaches to examination problems 5. In order to keep children curious and creative, the author suggests _. Ainstructors make an effort to give clear instructions Bschools provide students with interesting materials Cstudents be trained in a master-apprentice relationship Dteachers change their instructive approaches Passage 3 Have you ever been startled by a loud noise or by someone appearing suddenly behind you on a dark night or by a snake in the grass? Do you remember the sudden, tight feeling in your chest, the way your heart started to pound, the way you seemed to breathe more rapidly? Such reactions occurred because you were frightened. Your brain sent a signal to the special gland in your body called the adrenal gland. Other parts of your body were involved, too, but the adrenal gland has a very special function. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载The adrenal gland is located on top of your kidney. Since you have two kidneys, you also have two adrenal glands. Each adrenal gland is divided into two parts: a cortex and a medulla. The cortex forms the outer shell; the medulla forms the central core. Both the cortex and the medulla secrete hormones, but they have different functions. The cortex produces more than forty different chemical compounds and hormones. All these things are essential to sustain life. The medulla secretes adrenalin (also called epinephrine, the hormone that prepares the body for emergencies). When you are suddenly faced with a dangerous or stressful situation, part of your brain instantly sends a signal to the adrenal gland, and all sorts of things begin to happen in your body. The medulla releases an extra amount of adrenalin into the bloodstream. The adrenalin is carried rapidly throughout the body, stimulating other glands and systems. 1. In this passage, the author is mainly discussing the function of _. A the human brain B glands and systems in the body C the cortex of the adrenal gland Dthe medulla of the adrenal gland 2. Which of the following is NOT true? A The adrenal gland is located on top of the kidney. B Each kidney is composed of two adrenal