英语四级阅读理解练习及答案16年6月.pdf

1) take a rain check 改期2) lost count 弄不清楚3) be in another world 精神恍惚;魂不守舍4) make yourself at home 随意，随便5) save your breath 省口气吧;别白费口舌了6) make sense 有意义，理解7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵8) burn a hole in ones pocket 很快地被花光9) fill ones shoes 很好地顶替;令人满意地替代10) is ice cold 表示理所当然11) like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物12) lose ones train of 忘记13) meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步14) on the dot 准时;正点15) once and for all 最后一次;干脆16) out of earshot 不在听力所及范围17) out of this world 非常好18) play by ear 随机应变，视情形而定19) ring a bell 令人想起某件事;听起来耳熟1。If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there willeventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on thethe middle of the 21stcentury,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,forif scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earthwill make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the otherplanets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution tothe problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor CarlSagan.Sagan believes that before the earths resources are compleetely exhausted it will bepossible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large asearth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tinyamount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheresand at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those onsoonas this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly toVenus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will breakdown the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but beforman can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surfaceof the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in afew years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth willlong run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth willprobably be the lack of _.probably be the lack of _.Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _might be possible to change its atmosphereatmosphere is the same as the earthsis a good supply of water on Venusdays on Venus are long enoughVenus there is a lot of _.Venus there is a lot of _.dioxidemonoxideare plants that can_.are plants that can_.in very hot temperaturesin very cold temperaturesoxygenof the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_.5. Man can land on Venus only when_.algae have done their workatmosphere becomes cooleroxygenrains there答案：答案：cabddcabdd2.。 。 People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, theowners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardenshad disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which theyhad been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several housesdisappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been aproblem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to beabandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areasmost affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which theirhomes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect theirhomes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. Newsea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves andcurrents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. Thedanger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock whichwill not be eaten as limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with anuncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coastof England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be aknockdown home.1. What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of1. What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast ofEngland faceEngland faceA) The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.B) The experts lack of knowledge.C) The rising of the sea level.D) The washing-away of limestone cliffs.2. The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England _.2. The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England _.A) will soon become a problem for people living in central EnglandB) has now become a threat to the local residentsC) is quickly changing the map of EnglandD) can be stopped if proper measures are taken3. The experts3. The expertsstudy on the problem of erosion can _.study on the problem of erosion can _.A) lead to its eventual solutionB) provide an effective way to slow it downC) help to prevent it from worseningD) warn people whose homes are in danger4. It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because _.4. It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because _.A) it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areasB) the government is too slow in taking actionC) they will be easily knocked down by waves and currentsD) house agents along the coast do not support the idea5. According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of England,5. According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of England,people should _.people should _.A) be aware of the potential danger involvedB) guard against being cheated by the house agentC) take the quality of the house into considerationD) examine the house carefully before making a decision参考答案参考答案1. C 2. B 3. A5. D3.。Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one anotherand to determine where we fit in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentallyattempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether theperson in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or asalesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thier or a meter reader, and soon.The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and changethroughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that varioussituations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting amongappropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us.This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mentalprocess of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult thanothers, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer canchoose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume (服装) of aChinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothingpresented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well asby our pocketbook (钱包). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certainalterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what thestores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice amongthem is limited.这是一篇说明文，讲的是人们的Status(身份、地位)这一问题。51. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us _.51. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us _.A) determine whether a person is fit for a certain jobB) behave appropriately in relation to other peopleC) protect ourselves in unfamiliar situationsD) make friends with other people答案及分析：B事实辨认题。问在第一段作者告诉我们人的身份对我们有下列哪种帮助。第一段第一句说得很明白： “身份有助于我们和别人相处，决定我们在社会中所处的地位、扮演的角色”，B项意为“正确地与人交往”，正是上述意思。52. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses _.52. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses _.A) in order to identify themselves with othersB) in order to better identify othersC) as their mental processes changeD) as the situation changes答案及分析：D事实辨认题。问作者认为，在什么情况下人们经常具有不同的身份。A项意为“为了将自己预其他人区别开”，B项为“为了更好地识别他人”，C项为“当心理发生变化时”，D项意为“随着环境的变化”。A、B、C三项都不合文章原意，并且根据第二段第一、二句话可知D项正确。53. The word appraisal (Line5,53. The word appraisal (Line5,most probably means _.most probably means _.A) involvement B) appreciation C) assessment D) presentation答案及分析：C词义理解题。问第二段第六行中的appraisal 一词的意思是什么。根据该词所在的句子，可知该词含义和 mental process(思想过程)有关，并且可能与和其并列的词 interpretation(解释，说明，理解)有一定相似之处。involvement 意为“陷入，卷入;牵涉，包含”，assessment 意为“估计，评估;所估计之数额”，appreciation 表示“感谢，感激;欣赏，评价，赏识”，presentation 意为“赠送;提出;引见，介绍;出席，呈现;演出”。比较起来，B项符合上述两点，而且意思上说得通。appraisal 的准确意思是“估计，估价，评价”，在此句中“评价”讲。54. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun it refers to _.54. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun it refers to _.A) fitting our actions to those of other people appropriatelyB) identification of other peoples statusesC) selecting ones own statuses D) constant mental process答案及分析：A事实辨认题。问第二段最后一句中“it”指代什么。根据句意及其结构可知：it 指代 the task，即前一句“we fit out actions to those of people based on aconstant mental process of appraisal and interpretation”，不难看出A项正确。4.。One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness toadmit ones mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like I waswrong about that, and it is even harder to say, I was wrong , and you were rightabout that.I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made amistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store inthe neighbourhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons.Then he related an incident and Ibegan to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gome into the store with may motherto do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to thedairy food department where the incident tood place.There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressivedisplay of eggs indozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feethigh. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman cameby pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, Idecided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I want to work.The manager heard the moise and came rushing over to see what had happened. Whenhe appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggswere broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit. He severely reprimanded meand wanted me to pay for any broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain,but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently themanager did not.old was the author when he wrote this articleold was the author when he wrote this article8182315was to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartonswas to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartonsauthormanagerwomanauthors motherof the following statements is not trueof the following statements is not truewoman who knocked off the stacks of cartons was seriously criticized by themanangerauthor was severely critizized by the manager.woman carelessly knocked off the stacks of cartonswas the author who put the display back togetherof the following can serve as the best title for the passageof the following can serve as the best title for the passageHarder to Admit Ones Mistakewas once the culpritremember an incidentcase of mistaken identitytone of the article expresses the authors_.tone of the article expresses the authors_.for the managers willingness to admit mistakesto the manager for his wrong accusationagainst the woman who knocked off the stacks of cartonsfor the mistake the made in the store答案：答案：ccadaccada5. 5.。Water problems in the future will become nore intense and more complex. Ourincreasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes,primarily sewage. On theother hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantialy the amount of wateravailable for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and morecomplex chemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of thesewill contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population,agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasingquantities ofagricultural chemicals, From this , it is apparent that drastic steps must be takenimmediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relatesto the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing ofsolid wastes prior to disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or efflunets,to permitthe reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farmmanure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement . Effluents from sewagedisposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained.Efflunets from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water.Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently convertingformer waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential eonomicuses for waste products.purpose of this passage is _.purpose of this passage is _.alert the reader to the dwindling water supplyexplain industrial uses of wateracquaint the reader with water pollution problemsdemostrate various measures to solve the pollution problemof the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passageof the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passagedustrial development incudes the simplification of complex chemical processes.wastes needs certain amount of waterfor water will go up along with the expanding populationcultivation of land requires more and more chemicalsreader can conclued that_.reader can conclued that_.of the world will work together on polution problemsfrom wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplaceis making great progress on increasing water suppliesindustries are now ,aking economic use of wastesauthor gives substance to the passage through the use of _.author gi