Book3Module5基础知识.ppt

预习情况检测：预习情况检测：orderfreedomresignequal；equality；equallyimportance；importantkindness；kindhonesty；honestjustice；justcontribution；contributeinvent；invention； inventor原则；准则原则；准则强调强调燃料燃料状况；条件；环境状况；条件；环境有影响的影响有影响的影响争论；辩论；讨论争论；辩论争论；辩论；讨论争论；辩论1.equally2.importance3contributions；contributed4.honest；honesty5.inventor；inventions；invented6.freedom7.kindness1.with2.at3.up4.in5of6.of7.in8.for1.proud of2.became interested in3.In conclusion4.agrees with5brought up1.the way(that/in which) I answered the questions2.There was a time when3.The reason why he was late模块话题阅读：模块话题阅读：ConfuciusOne of the most famous people in ancient China was a wise philosopher named Confucius (551 BC479 BC)He sometimes went by the name Kong Zi though he was born Kong Qiu, styled Zhong Ni. He was born in Zouyi (Qufu today) in the state of Lu.Confuciuss father died three years after Confucius was born, _ (leave) the family in _ (poor), but Confucius nevertheless received a fine education. He got married at the age of 19 and had one son and two daughters. He worked as a keeper of a market. Then he got a farm worker who took care of parks and farm animals. When he was 20, he worked for the governor of his district.leavingpovertyConfucius is famous for his philosophy because he made many wise sayings that helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behaviors. He also helped the government and the ruler by teaching them lessons on how the ruler should rule his kingdom successfully.It is commonly known that ancient China had a great effect on the world. And many great people and great inventions of ancient China still influence the world. 1style vt.称呼；命名称呼；命名2nevertheless adv. 然而然而1. equal adj.相等的，相当的；胜任的相等的，相当的；胜任的v.等于；比得上等于；比得上n.和自己相当的人或物和自己相当的人或物(教材教材P41)All human beings are equal.人人平等。人人平等。 equal sb./sth.(in.)(在在方面方面)比得上，与比得上，与匹敌；匹敌；与与相等相等be equal to sth./sb.in.在在方面等于方面等于be equal to(doing) sth.胜任胜任equally adv. 同样地；相等地同样地；相等地equality n.相等；平等相等；平等(1)The amount of radiation was equal to _ (use) a mobile phone for two half hour periods per day.辐射量相当于每天使用两次、每次半小时辐射量相当于每天使用两次、每次半小时的手机所接受的辐射。的手机所接受的辐射。(2) Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _ ( equal) respected.任何人，无论他是官员还是公交车司机，任何人，无论他是官员还是公交车司机，都应被平等地尊重。都应被平等地尊重。usingequally (3)He equals me _ strength but not _ intelligence.他和我力气相当但智力不等。他和我力气相当但智力不等。(4) His paintings are without equal in the Western World. That is，no one else equals him _ painting.他的画在西方世界首屈一指。也就是说，他的画在西方世界首屈一指。也就是说，在绘画方面没有人能比得上他。在绘画方面没有人能比得上他。ininin单句语法填空单句语法填空He is equal _Tom _ ability.Im not sure he is equal _ the job.An _ (equal) important quality is tolerance.They live and work together in complete _ (equal) and brotherhood.tointoequallyequality2. stress vt.强调；施压于；使紧张强调；施压于；使紧张 n强调；压力强调；压力(教材教材P43)He stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society.他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。lay/ put/ place stress on sth.强调强调/重视重视under stress在压力下在压力下under the stress of为为所迫所迫stress the importance of.强调强调的重要性的重要性stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的压力大的；紧张的Some young people live a hard life _.有些年轻人在现代生活的压力下过着艰难有些年轻人在现代生活的压力下过着艰难的生活。的生活。We _ developing good neighbourly relations with nearby countries.我们重视发展同邻近国家的睦邻友好关系。我们重视发展同邻近国家的睦邻友好关系。She finds her new job very _ (stress)，but she will never give it up.她发现她的新工作压力非常大，但她绝不她发现她的新工作压力非常大，但她绝不会放弃。会放弃。under the stress of the modern lifelay stress onstressful 3. order n秩序，次序；命令；定购；订单秩序，次序；命令；定购；订单 v命令，指令；定购命令，指令；定购(教材教材P43)He stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society.他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事order that.(should)动词原形动词原形命令命令in order井然有序；按次序的井然有序；按次序的out of order混乱的；出故障的混乱的；出故障的place an order for sth.with (sb.)向向(某人某人)订购某物订购某物keep order维持秩序维持秩序The doctor ordered that I _ (take) a rest for a month.医生要我休息一个月。医生要我休息一个月。The old man ordered the rude young man _ (go) out.老人命令那位粗鲁的年轻人出去。老人命令那位粗鲁的年轻人出去。All the things in the room were _ , but she quickly _房间里所有的东西都杂乱无序，可她很快房间里所有的东西都杂乱无序，可她很快就将它们收拾得井然有序了。就将它们收拾得井然有序了。(should) take to go out of orderquickly put them in order4. bring up 教育，抚养教育，抚养(孩子孩子)；提出；提出(议题等议题等)；呕吐；呕吐(教材教材P43)His father died when he was young，and he was brought up by his mother.父亲去世的时候他还很小，他是由他母亲父亲去世的时候他还很小，他是由他母亲抚养成人的。抚养成人的。写出下列句中写出下列句中bring up的含义的含义Why did you have to bring up the subject of money？提出提出 The boy, though brought up in the countryside, has a strong interest in the colorful city life. 抚养抚养 He felt so sick that he brought up what he ate. 呕吐呕吐 bring about引起；导致引起；导致bring down降低；减少降低；减少bring in带进来；有收入；赚得；引入带进来；有收入；赚得；引入bring out使显现；阐明；出版使显现；阐明；出版用以上短语的正确形式填空用以上短语的正确形式填空The prices _ so far.The economic reform _ great changes in the lives of the common people.The discussion came alive when an interesting topic was _.Immediately after the book _，it became a bestseller.have been brought down brought about brought inwas brought out5. (教材教材P43)Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人是孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人是向善的。向善的。【要点提炼要点提炼】believe后是后是that引导的宾引导的宾语从句，从句中使用语从句，从句中使用“The reason why.is that.”句式，其中句式，其中why引导的是定语从句，引导的是定语从句，that引导的是表语从句，意为引导的是表语从句，意为“的原的原因是因是”。翻译：翻译：他迟到的原因是昨晚睡得太晚了。他迟到的原因是昨晚睡得太晚了。The reason why _ was that _.他没来的原因是他病了。他没来的原因是他病了。The reason why _ was that _.he was late he slept too late last nighthe didnt come he was illfor.reason由于由于原因原因The reason for(doing) sth.is/was that的原因是的原因是That/This is because.“这是因为这是因为”because引导的表语从句表引导的表语从句表示原因示原因That/This is why.“这就是这就是的原因的原因”why引导的表语从句引导的表语从句表示结果表示结果The reason _ Tom was absent from the meeting was that he had to meet his mother at the airport.汤姆缺席会议的原因是他必须到机场接他汤姆缺席会议的原因是他必须到机场接他的妈妈。的妈妈。The reason _ he explained at the meeting was that he didnt catch the first bus.他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上第一他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上第一辆公共汽车。辆公共汽车。whythat/whichSorry，we are late. Thats _ we were held up in the traffic jam.很抱歉我们迟到了，那是因为我们遇上交很抱歉我们迟到了，那是因为我们遇上交通堵塞被耽搁了。通堵塞被耽搁了。We were late；thats _ we missed the first bus.我们迟到了。那就是为什么我们错过了第我们迟到了。那就是为什么我们错过了第一班车。一班车。becausewhy单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)The only reason _ I came was _ I wanted to meet your friends.(2)The reason _ the party is _ its Sues birthday.(3)Is this the reason _ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？why thatforthatthat/which6. contribution n贡献；捐助物；投稿贡献；捐助物；投稿The invention of paper was a great contribution to human civilization.纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。make contributions /a contribution to对对做出贡献做出贡献contribute vi.&vt.贡献；捐献；投稿贡献；捐献；投稿contribute to (doing) sth.有助于，促成有助于，促成contribute.to.向向捐献捐献；向；向投稿投稿To make our country stronger, everyone should make his/her _ (contribute)为了让我们的国家更加强大，每个人都必为了让我们的国家更加强大，每个人都必须做出贡献。须做出贡献。He contributed a lot of money _ Project Hope.他捐了很多钱给希望工程。他捐了很多钱给希望工程。His experiences contributed greatly _ the success of his novel.他的经历对他小说的成功帮助很大。他的经历对他小说的成功帮助很大。contributions toto(1)Would you like to _ to the hospital building fund?你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？(2)他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.make a contribution 7. condition n状况，状态；条件；环境；境况状况，状态；条件；环境；境况(教材教材P49)Often，factory workers lived in poor and crowded conditions.通常，工厂工人们生活在恶劣而又拥挤的通常，工厂工人们生活在恶劣而又拥挤的环境里。环境里。be in good/bad/poor condition状态良好状态良好/不佳不佳out of condition健康状况不佳健康状况不佳/条件状况欠佳条件状况欠佳on condition that如果；在如果；在条件下条件下on no condition决不，无论如何都不决不，无论如何都不(位于句首，句子要倒位于句首，句子要倒装装)(1)The MP4 is _，looking like the newly bought one.这台这台MP4状况良好，就跟新买的一样。状况良好，就跟新买的一样。(2)Ive had no exercise for ages；Im really _.我已好久没锻炼了，现在健康状况欠佳。我已好久没锻炼了，现在健康状况欠佳。(3)He spoke to reporters _ he was not identified.在不披露身份的条件下，他接受了记者的在不披露身份的条件下，他接受了记者的采访。采访。in good conditionout of conditionon condition that 单句语法填空单句语法填空The nearest hotel is _ good condition.You must _ no condition tell them the secret.She made it a condition _ he (should) go with her.Can you imagine such conditions _ you have nothing to live on for a week?inonthat where 结束结束