中考英语被动语态考点归纳与例析教学文案.docx

精品名师归纳总结中考英语被动语态考点归纳与例析【重点讲解】语态是动词的一种形式, 用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 语态有两种： 主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承担者。被动语态由 “助动词 be 及物动词的过去分词 ”构成。例如：He wrote the letter. （主动语态）The letter was written by him. （被动语态）被动语态的时态变化只变 be 的形式, be 后面的过去分词不变,也就是说被动结构中助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化。考点归纳：1、四种基本时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时） 和带情态动词的被动语态用法。带情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词 + be +过去分词”构成。例如： Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.2、含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态的用法。英语中有一些动词可以接双宾语, 如 tell, show, buy, ask, pass, write, do, make, sell, send, sing, give, answer, teach, offer, pay, promise, allow等,变为被动语态时, 假如指物的宾语作主语,指人的宾语前要用介词for 或 to。例如：My uncle bought me a new bicycle. A new bicycle was bought for me by my uncle. I was bought a new bicycle by my uncle.3、含复合宾语的主动语态变被动语态的用法。如宾语补足语是不带 to 的不定式,变为被动语态时,该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为使役动词和感官动词,如make, let, feel, hear, help, make, observe, see, notice, watch, listen to, look at 等。例如：The teacher made me go out of the classroom.I was made to go out of the classroom by the teacher.We saw him play football on the playground. He was seen to play football on the playground.4、不能用于被动语态的情形。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结连系动词没有被动语态, 但有些连系动词表示的是被动的意思, 例如： I like this silk dress and it feels so soft and comfortable.（不行以用 is felt）。类似的连系动词仍有 look, smell, taste, sound, appear等。仍有一些常见的不及物动词, 如 occur, happen, fall, go, take place等,也是没有被动语态的, 例如：Great changes have happened in our country in the past twentyyears. （不行以用 have been happene）d 。另外,一些习惯说法,如 “自行车好骑 ”、“钢笔好写 ”、“布料好洗 ”、“书好卖”、“小刀好切 ”等等,往往不用被动语态,由于这时 ride, write, wash, sell, cut 等用作不及物动词。例如：I like my new bike. It rides very well.（不行以用 is ridden）【习题精炼】1. Stampsby people for sending letters.A. useB. usingC. usedD. are used2. Many people believe that one day the earthif we donkt now how to protect it.A. destroysB. will destroyC. will be destroyed D. is destroyed3. A new bicycle was boughtme as a birthday present by my mother.A. forB. withC. toD. /4. A neighbor helped to keep our dog. Itwhile we were on holiday.A. was taken care B. took care ofC. is taken care ofD.wastaken care of5. Bikes mustn teverywhere.A. be putB. be puttedC. putD. putting6. - Please remember to say“ I m here ” when your name, will you.- Yes, sir.A. has calledB. is callingC. will callD. is called7. - Did you go to Jim s birthday party.- No, I.A. am not invitedB. wasn t invitedC. haven t invitedD. didn t invite8. English in many countries, but Chinese their own language可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. is spoken, speaksB. speaks, is spokenC. is spoken, speakD. is spoken, is spoken9. The man who lived alone on that island thought henever.A. will; findB. would; be foundC. is; foundD.had;been found10. Today, too many trees are stillin the world.A. cutting downB. cut downC. being cut down【中考链接】11. - Do you still remember the snow storm last winter.- Sure.peoplefrom going home during that time.A. One hundred, stoppedB. Ten hundreds of, were stoppedC. Hundreds, stoppedD. Hundreds of, were stopped12. - This dish tastes.- Thank you. Itby Mr. Smith.A. good, was cookedB. well, cooksC. bad, is cookedD. terrible, cooked13. - Germany will bepopular with visitors this year.- Why.- Because the 2006 World Cup Soccerthere.A. more; is holdB. much, is held C. more, is heldD. much, is hold14. - Henry, youon the phone.- Oh,. Thank you.A. are wanted, I comeB. are wanted, I m comingC. are being wanted; I comeD. are wanting, I m coming15. We are going to have the final exams tomorrow. All the books mustout of the classrooms.A. are movedB. be movedC. be moveD. are move16. We are glad that the Shenzhen Undergroundvery soon.A. will completeB. will be completed C. has completedD. has been completed17. The young man was often seen by the lakeA. to drawB. to drawingC. drawD. drew可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结18. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular around the worldItin many schools可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. teachesB. is teachingC. has taughtD. is taught19. As usual, Meihuaat 6:30 this morning by her mother toget ready for school.A. has woken upB. woke upC. wakes upD. was woken up20. I m sorry you can t go in now. The roomyet.A. hasn t been cleanedB. hasn t cleanedC. isn t been cleanedD. isn t being cleaned【答案详解】1. 答案： D。【解析】本句应当用被动语态表达,由于邮票是被人们用来发信的。2. 答案： C。【解析】依据句意可知,从句的主语the earth 是动词 destroy的承担者,所以从句应用被动语态,而且发生时间是将来,故答案选C。3. 答案：A。 【解析】英语中有一些动词可以接双宾语,如 tell, show, buy, ask, pass, write, do, make, sell, send, sing, give, answer, teach, offer, pay, promise, allow, award 等,变为被动语态时,假如指物的宾语作主语,指人的宾语前要根据句子的意思用介词 for 或 to。4. 答案： D。【解析】在被动语态中短语动词中的介词不能省略,所以排除A,依据句末 while 引导的从句的时态判定,要用一般过去时,应选D。5. 答案：A 。【解析】这里考查情态动词的被动语态,其结构为“情态动词 +be + 过去分词 ”。Put 的过去分词与原形相同,所以排除B,选 A。6. 答案： D。【解析】 name与 call 之间存在动宾关系,名字是被呼叫的,故答案选 D。7. 答案： B。【解析】 “没有被邀请 ”发生在过去,故答案选 B。8. 答案： C。【解析】英语是被讲的,所以用被动态表达,句中的Chinese表示“中国人”,而不是“汉语”。“中国人讲自己的语言”应用主动语态,应选C。9. 答案： B。【解析】住在孤岛上的人应当是被人找到,所以用被动语态。主句的谓语是 thought,所以从句要用过去将来时态,应选B。如用 D,就不符可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结合规律。10. 答案： C。【解析】依据句意这里应用现在进行时的被动语态,即：主语+ is / am / are + being + 过去分词, cut 的过去分词形式依旧是cut。11. 答案： D。【解析】词组 stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth.表示 “阻碍/阻挡某人做某事 ”,本句被阻碍的对象作主语,所以要用被动语态,先可排除答 案 A 和 C。hundreds / thousands / millions of +复数可数名词,表示模糊的,夸张的数量,短语前面不行用详细数字,应选D。12. 答案： A 。【解析】此题是考查被动语态,从语境来看,应当是菜肴烹制很好,主人感谢对方的赞扬之词,先排除C、D 答案, taste是感官动词,后接形容词作表语,虽然 well 有时也可以作形容词,但意思是 “（身体）好 ”,本句不行用,应选 A。13. 答案： C。【解析】 “世界杯 ”被举办,要用被动语态 is held,留意 held 是hold 的过去分词 , “德国将更出名 ”, popular 为多音节形容词,其比较级是在原 级前加 more, 故答案选 C。14. 答案： B。【解析】句中 you 和 want 是被动关系, “ You are wanted on the phone”的意思是 “你在电话里被人叫了 ”即“有人打电话找你 ”。像 come, go, leave, move, fly 等表示位置移动的动词, 在口语中多用进行时表示即将发生的动作。 所以选 B。15. 答案： B。【解析】情态动词后接“ be+过去分词”构成被动语态。应选B。16. 答案： B。【解析】 一般将来时的被动语态形式,即“ will + be + 过去分词”。应选 B。17. 答案：A 。【解析】假如将这个句子改为主语语态, 就为：People often saw the young man draw by the lake. 在主动语态中,感官动词（ see, watch, look at,listen to, hear, fee）l和使役动词（ make, have）后跟不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式符号 to 要去掉。但在被动语态中, to 要保留,所以选 A。18. 答案： D。【解析】句中主语 It 指 Chinese（汉语）,它和谓语 teach（教） 的关系是被动关系,因此选 D。19. 答案： D。【解析】 “ Meihua是”被她妈妈叫醒的,所以要用被动语态,选D。假如句中没有“ by her mother”,就 B 也是正确答案。20. 答案： A 。【解析】由 yet 一词可知要用现在完成时,而 room 与 clean 之间存在着动宾关系, room 是被打扫洁净的,要用被动语态,应选A。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载