2022年有关中考冲刺英语复习方法.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 中考冲刺阶段英语复习方法 词汇复习 词汇的有效复习策略是师生学习英语的一个薄弱环节,如何帮忙同学在单位时间内最高效 率地牢牢记住宅学的词汇,只有解决了效率的问题,才能既减轻负担, 我们要向效率要时间,而不是用时间补效率,那么,应当如何开展行之有效的词汇复习呢？一进行瞬时记忆复习策略训练心理学者讨论“ 痕迹理论” 所得出的结论指出：“ 但凡已经识记过的事物都有在大脑组织中以某种形式留下痕迹”；记忆痕迹在脑中的储存分三种情形：瞬时记忆,短时记忆和长时记忆；瞬时记忆储存时间很短,但在记忆过程中占有主要作用；在这个基础上, 只要稍经启示,就能引起联想和回忆,转化为长时记忆；因此,在教新单词时,要求同学在 1 5 分钟内记熟所学的 5-12 个新单词,然后听写,也可以通过抢答或个别提问的方式由老师读单词,同学口头拼写,或是老师讲出单词中文意思,同学读诞生词,反之,老师读单词,同学讲出中文意思等形式进行训练；即使成果差的同学,瞬时记忆的成效也很好；这种训练,增加单位时间内的信息接纳量,提高了记忆成效；二、多种方式出现词汇复习策略在词汇复习教学中为了防止在复习过程中产生审美疲惫,我们采纳丰富词汇复习策略来稳固记忆词汇；常见的有直观出现策略、全是反应法策略total physical response method、爱好嬉戏竞赛策略等；1、直观出现策略心理学家赫瑞特拉的试验说明：人类猎取的信息有 85%来自视觉转引自何克抗,2004恰当地运用图片可以帮忙同学将词的音、形、义结合起来, 使词汇复习特殊是对一些物质名词的复习相比照较轻松如在 go for it. 教程八年级上册 Unit 4 How do you get to school. 的交通工具词汇教学时, 可恰当地选用图片直观出现的方式,既可能防止同学对汉语的依靠,又有利于培育同学的英语思维,由于颜色、图片可以加深词汇的记忆；2、全身反应法TPR我们可以采纳全身反应法TPR即先用身体反映,再用语言反映；最大限度地调动同学的学习积极性, 让词汇复习更为深刻和长期；如人教版 go for it 八年级上册Unit 2 What s the matter. 时遇到了部分肢体语言如：arm、 back、 ear 、 eye 、foot、 hand、 head、 leg、mouth 、neck、 nose 、tooth 等时就可以全身反应法来教学词汇,在营造出互动、活跃的 课堂氛围,最大限度地调动同学的主观能动性,使同学对词汇的记忆更为深刻；3、爱好嬉戏竞赛策略 中同学生性好动, 喜爱做嬉戏, 老师可依据中同学这一特点,组织同学参与记忆单词大比拼,如有关学习用具、动物、颜色、交通工具、水果、称呼等进行小组的词汇接龙竞赛,在嬉戏中记忆单词； 让同学在轻松和开心的氛围中,公平竞争, 忘却优差之分, 去体验胜利的乐趣；让同学在嬉戏竞赛中记忆更多的词汇；开展形式多样且具有竞争性和挑战性的词汇嬉戏活动更能激发同学们的好胜心、进一步提高他们的学习动机；、三、化机械记忆为懂得记忆在词汇复习时教时,应把音、形、义同时结合起来,在一个相对的语境中对词有一个全面的明白, 使所复习的词汇能在肯定的情形中出现,便利同学懂得记忆；把抽象概念的词放在短语、句子或课文中复习,使同学对词汇的懂得更详细化；如：在一堂公开课上昆明云大附中的李薇老师就让同学将词汇名词和动词放到句型：“ I can fly 、swim play 、和名词 sky、pool、football 进行融入到句子中教学,帮忙同学记忆；也可采纳归纳比较的复名师归纳总结 习策略, 以新带旧、 以旧学新, 新旧学问联系以加深懂得和记忆；如在 go for it Book 2A 中第 1 页,共 26 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Lesson23 有一句You can often pick up packs of used stamps very cheaply. Pick up 在句中理解为“ 有较少的钱买到”； Lesson 19 中 People said gold could easily be picked up by washing sand from the river in a pan of water. Pick up 在句中懂得为“ 收集到” ；而在 go for it Book 1A 中 It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes. Pick up 在句中懂得为“ 收听” ；通过归纳比较、前后联系,使同学对词组有了正确的懂得,又防止同学只会在单词表中对其各种意义死记硬背的做法,到达温故而知新的成效,提高了记忆力；四、 “ 重现” 中稳固英语单词,增强记忆力“ 艾宾浩斯记忆遗忘曲线” 告知我们,初次学习后过20 分钟,记忆遗忘很快,保持下来的内容仅为 58.2%；一小时后为 44.2%；先快后慢,因此,引导让同学有方案地常常复现英语 词汇,克服遗忘现象；课堂进行词汇时,让同学对所学的词汇进行重复识记,加深印象；讲 解课文时,结合教材的内容有机自然地再现；课后练习中,按排相应的听写、翻译、完成句 子、同义答配、造句等,使同学在多次的复现中稳固所学词汇；词汇复习也就是在复习基础学问和基本技能这一阶段,考生应当把所学的单词、短语、过去式、过去分词 不规章 等,过一遍筛子,从而到达查缺补漏的目的；词语运用题就去年考题而言,只要考生能在阅读短文的同时,依据文意, 将词或短 语的序号填入文中,使短文意思完整,就可以了；也就是说在填词的过程中,只需将原词填 进去,而不需要作词形上的变化；这就要求同学们在总复习时做到：1.要加强基础学问和基本技能的学习训练,把握大量的单词和固定短语搭配；2.要重视语言的上下文懂得,把语言放到真实的语境中；3.要明白英语语言的背景学问和文化学问,尽可能用英语去懂得英语；这样才能在 解答此题时,得心应手；单词拼写试题不仅仅是单纯地测试单词拼写,而是把单词放在句子中和句子有机地 结合起来,旨在考查单词的运用技巧；因此在复习和考试中,解此题应留意以下几个方面：1.假如所填的词是名词,就要留意是可数名词仍是不行数名词,假如是可数名词,就要留意它的单、复数形式；2.假如要考查的词是形容词、副词,就要留意其等级变化,特殊要留意的是那些特殊的形式,像： bad, badly, ill 所共用的比较级、最高级形式 最高级 less, least 等,更应当引起考生的留意；worse, worst; 像 little 的比较级、3.假如是动词,就要留意其单数第三人称的形式,仍有过去式,过去分词等变化,以及其非谓语动词的运用；4.假如是人称代词,就要留意使用的是主格仍是宾格；5.假如是物主代词,就要留意是名词性物主代词仍是形容词性物主代词的形式；以 及反身代词等的用法；二、语法复习 1.对动词的复习：从历年实测的情形来看,动词或与动词相关题目的考查,占相当的比重；由于动词的变化多, 而且是句子的核心部分,所以同学们在进行单项或学问点复习时,务必把动词和与动词相关的部分作为复习的重点；第一是动词的时态和语态,不但要把常见的基本概念搞清晰,而且有必要做大量的相应练习；这样才能在实际应用中少出错或不出错；2.对从句的复习：在复习从句时,特殊要理清时态在从句中的用法,如状语从句 这里主要谈时间状语从句和条件状语从句 时态的用法是,当主句是一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时,从句要用现在时；当主句是过去时时,从句就要用过去时态；如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 26 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I won't take part in the party if I'm not invited. When the weather is fine , many families go out for a walk . All the students went out when the bell rang. 而 since 引导的从句比较特殊,它的主句一般用现在完成时或一般现在时,从句就用一般过去时；如： It is 3 years since I came to the company. I have known him since I came to middle school. 宾语从句时态的用法就是当主句是一般现在时时,从句的时态可依据从句的时间状语来挑选任意时态；当主句是过去时时,从句就只能用过去时态的某一种 客观真理等就只能用一般现在时 ；如：I can't remember if I have seen him before. Betty thought that trees improved the air. 在复习宾语从句和状语从句时,仍要把握精确判定宾语从句与状语从句的方法；例如： I want to know if the final exam will come in June. I'm sure I will pass the listening test next month if I practice it carefully. 以上两个句子中都有 if, 但是由于 if 的意思不同,构成的从句也就不同,是宾语从句,是状语从句,的 if 作“ 是否” 讲,的 If 作“ 假如” 讲,也就是说 if 作“ 是否” 讲时,构成的句子确定是宾语从句,那么句子时态就要跟宾语从句的原就走；If 作“ 假如” 讲时,构成的句子确定是状语从句,那么句子时态就跟状语从句的原就走；这一点对考生区分宾语从句仍是状语从句是特别重要的；定语从句就要重点把握几个引导词的用法,如：3、其他学问点that, which, who, whose 等1可数名词的复数和不行数名词的表达方式；名词的全部格；2人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系 代词和相互代词；3冠词和不定冠词；4数词；5形容词和副词的比较级、最高级；6介词；7直接引语与间接引语；三、情形交际 情形交际英语 1.问候 : A:Good morning/afternoon/evening. Hello/Hi. How do you do . Nice to meet you. B:答复相同 well,thank you. A:How are you. B:Fine, thank you.And you. Very 2.介绍 : This is Mr/Mrs/Miss. I'd like you to meet my parents. My name is.I'm a student. 3.辞别 A:Goodbye.See you later/tomorrow. Good night. B:答复相同 4.感谢和应答 表示感谢 通常答复 Thank you very much. Not at all. Thanks a lot. That's OK. Many thanks. That's all right. Thanks for helping me. You're welcome. 5.希望、庆贺和应答 A:Good luck. Best wishes to you. Have a nice/good time/journey. Congratulations. B:Thank you. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 26 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A:Happy New Year. Merry Christmas. B:The same to you. A:Happy birthday to you. B:Thank you. 6.愧疚和应答 A:I'm sorry.I'm sorry to trouble you. B:It doesn't matter. It's not important. That's nothing. 7.遗憾和怜悯 What a pity.I'm sorry to hear that. A:Would you like to . B:Yes, I'd love to. 8.邀请和应答A:Can I help you.=What can I do for you.Here, take this/my bike. Let me do it for you.B:Thanks for your help. Yes, please. No, thanks. That's very kind of you. 10.恳求答应 A:May I. Can I/Could I. B:Yes/Certainly/Of course. Yes, do please. OK/All right. A:Do you mind if I open the window. B:No, not at all. 或 Never mind. 1:Certainly/Sure/Of course.Yes, please. Yes, I think so. All right/OK. That's a good idea. I agree with you. 2:No, I don't think so. I'm afraid not. I really can't agree with you. 12.表示确定和不愿定 whether/if. Maybe. 1: I'm sure. I'm sure that. 2: I'm not sure. I'm not sure 13.喜爱和厌恶 1: I like /love.very much I like /love to. 2: I don't like to. I hate to . 14. 问时间、日期的应答 A:What day is it. B:It's Monday.A:What's the date.B:It's Jan. 10th. A:What's the time,please. B:It's five o'clock/half past five. It's time to . 15.恳求 1: Can/could you.for me. Will/would you please do sth. May I have. 2: Please give/pass me. Please wait here/a moment. Please wait for your turn. Please stand in line. 3: No smoking, please. No noise, please. 16.劝说和建议 1:You'd better. You should. You need to. 2:Shall we do sth. . Let's do sth. . What/How about doing sth. . 答复 : OK. Good idea. 17.禁止和警告 1:You mustn't play on the road. If you . you'll . 2:Take care.=Be careful. 18.表示感情 A: 欢乐 Great.That's nice. I'm glad/pleased/happy to.B: 焦 虑What's wrong. What's the matter with you.I'm/He's/She's worried. Oh, what shall I do. C: 诧异 Really.Oh, dear.Is that so. 19.约会 A:Are you free this afternoon. What/How about tomorrow morning. Shall we meet at 4:30 at the school gate. B:Yes, that's all right. Yes, I'll be free then. All right.See you then. 20.语言困难 Pardon.Please say that more slowly again. What do you mean by.I'm sorry I know only a little English. 21.表示赞扬 : A:Oh, how nice. Your dress is beautiful.B:It's nice of you to say so. 或Thank you. BUSINESS HOURS NO PHOTOS OFFICE HOURS THIS SIDE UP OPEN CLOSED 名师归纳总结 PULL PUSH EXIT ENTRANCE 营业时间禁止拍照办公时间这边向上开 关第 4 页,共 26 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1.-Would you like to go to the zoo with us. _. A.Yes, please. B.That's true. C.Yes, I'd love to. D.Quite well. 2.-I've done quite well in the exam this term. -_ _. A.I don't know. B.Congratulations. C.So do I. D.Go on, please. 3.If your friend tells you that he is ill, you may say"_ _" A.Excuse me. B.I'm sorry to hear that. C.It doesn't matter. D.I don't think so. 4.-Have a good journey, Alice. A.All right B.Thanks a lot. C.V 5.The sign"THIS SIDE UP" is often seen _. A.on a box B.in the street C.in a cinema D.in a park 摸索题 : 1.-Thank you for your help. -_ _ ery good D.Much better A.All right. B.That's all right. C.That's right. D.It's very kind of you. 2.-Do you mind if I close the window. -_ _ A.No, I mind. B.Yes, I don't mind. C. No, not at all. D.Yes, I'm afraid not. 3.-Help yourself to some apples.-_ A.I don't like it. B.Sorry, I can't help it. C.Never mind. D.Thank you very much. 4.-Tom will take care of our cat while we're away. -_ A.Fine, thank you. B.I'll do it myself. C.That's very kind of him. D.It doesn't matter. 5.-You speak English quite well. -_ _ A.I don't think so. B.You don't say so. C.No, I don't speak well. D.Thank you. 纵观近几年中考试题, “ 补全对话” 作为阅读懂得类题型成了必考题,用来考查学生的情形交际才能；因此对于考生而言,肯定要熟识日常交际用语及对话话题；如：问候；介绍；辞别；打、感谢和应答；希望和应答；愧疚和应答；邀请和约会；供应帮忙；请 求答应；谈论天气；购物；问路；看病；劝说和建议；时间和日期等在英语教学大纲中要求的话题及常用习语；以上的情形及话题在汉语中也是很常见的；但中英文在思维及表达方式 上差距较大,命题人常从今方面设计考题；如：接 人说：“ This is speaking.或 Who's that.” 不说：“ I'm 或 Who are you.” 语言是敏捷多变的,所以肯定要留意依据语言环境 详细问题详细分析；要做好这类题,需从以下三个方面着手：1.认真审题,明确大意第一要认真审题,即在对话不完整的情形下,尽量弄懂该篇对话的大意 main idea 和情形 如购物、看病、问路和应答、约会、口语应用等 2.分析对话,试填答案在解题过程中,要依据详细语境和上下文3.全文复读,融会贯穿,分析对话中所缺部分、判定所缺的句子；在试填好答案之后,应从头至尾再把对话读一遍,依据对话情境,中心内容, 推理判定；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 26 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 情形交际大纲中要求把握30 个日常交际用语项目；内容上侧重考查以打、购物、看病、约会、问路等为主题的对话；辅以考查问候、介绍、辞别、感谢、希望、恳求答应、表示同意等日常交际用语的把握和运用情形；一、中考中常见的题型1. 单项挑选2. 从方框中挑选恰当的句子完成对话；3. 补全对话,每空一词；4. 在空白处填入适当的词、词组或句子补全对话；二、解题方法与技巧1. 通览全文,把握主题通读全文,判定出它涉及哪方面的情形或内容；充分利用所给的词句包括标点符号的信息,把握对话者的身份、态度、意图,弄清句和句、首和尾之间的规律关系；2. 抓关键词,试填选项英语中语篇连接常采纳照料、替代、省略、词汇连接、连接词等多种手段；发觉各句的语义联系,进一步明白双方的观点和态度；然后浏览选项或空白处,初步确定答案；3. 抓住信息点,查寻对应语对话通常以问和答的句式绽开,这些句式必定会显现相关的疑问词、情态动词、 助动词等,动词的时态、语态通常也是相互照料的,甚至仍会显现相关的句型,抓住这些信息点,查找对应语就便利多了；4. 先易后难,排除干扰试题一般有难有易；通过上面步骤的答题,空白处削减,对话内容也更为明朗；对较难的空白处,应对其中的信息点再作深化分析和比照；5. 认真检查,认真验证做完答案后,应将答案放入文中,认真阅读,验证全篇是否流畅,是否符合规律、语法名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 26 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 和习惯用法；三、真题解析1 交际用语1. Would you like to play basketball with us. Yes, I'd love to. _ I'm afraid I have no time. 2006· 福州 A. So B. But C. Or D. And 2. Would you do me a favor and pass on my thanks to Lily. _. 2006· 云南 A. Yes, that's right B. With pleasure C. It doesn't matter D. No trouble 3. I'm sorry to keep you waiting so long. _. 2006· 黄冈 A. Don't say so B. I don't think so C. I'd love to D. It doesn't matter 4. Thanks for inviting me to your birthday. But I'm afraid I can't come. _. 2006· 漳州 A. What a pity B. Thanks a lot C. Don't worry D. It doesn't matter 解析：1. B 此题意在考查交际用语；对别人的邀请表示拒绝可以用I'd love to. But+ 陈述名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 26 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 理由；应选 B；2. B with pleasure 用于礼貌地表示乐于接受或同意某件事；应选 B；3. D 对别人表示歉意的答复应为It doesn't matter 没关系 ；应选 D；4. A 表示遗憾或惋惜用 What a pity ；应选 A；2依据对话内容,挑选方框中适当的句子,使对话完整通顺；2003. 北京A: What can I do for you, sir. B: A. For yourself. These are all for young people. B: I like the blue one. A: B: Thank you. A: One hundred yuan. B: Oh, it costs too much. A: Its cheaper, Its only fifty yuan.B: OK. Ill take it. Thank you.A. I want to buy a hat for myself. B. How much is it. C. What colour do you want. isn D. What about this one. E. What size do you want. F. OK. Here you are. G. Its beautiful, t it.解析 做题时我们要冷静分析语言情形,联系上下文以及前后规律,采纳“ 各个击破”的方法；第一我们可以看出这是一段购物的对话；顾客是在给自己买东西,故1选 A；1依据售货员的问语,我们可以估计出2从顾客的答语可以看出对方问他喜爱什么颜色,应选 C；3顾客答复 thank you, 可见售货员给他供应了帮忙,故3选 F；4依据售货员对价钱的答语,可知顾客是询问价钱,故 4选 B；5顾客觉得蓝色的帽子价格太贵,售货员又换了另一顶廉价的,并征求看法,故应选 D；3补全对话,每空一词； 2003. 北京Ann: Hello. Is Tina there. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 26 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Tina: Hello, Ann. is Tina. Ann: Could I borrow your CD player tomorrow, please. Tina: Sorry. Its not a very good Ann: Sure. I said, could I borrow your CD p layer, please. Mine is . Tina: Of course. do you want it. Ann: Tomorrow if possible. Tina: OK, Ill it to school in the morning.Ann: Thanks. Bye. 答案 1 This 2 line 3 broken 4 When 5 bring 解析 1 可以看出,此情形为 沟通,用语“ 我是 .” 常用 This is.；2 由后句要求对方大点声说可以看出,线路不好； 3 表示自己的 CD player 坏了,故需借 Tina的,留意审题,要求每空一词,故不能用 doesnt work 表示； 4 由答语“ 明天” 可知,此句询问何时需要该 CD player ；5 Tina 同意把 CD player 借给 Ann ,明天到学校来；4 在对话空白处填入适当的话语,使对话意思完整；D: Good morning. Whats your trouble.W: I dont feel very well.D: W: Yes, I have. My temperature is a little higher. D: Open your mouth and say “Ah” .W: Ah. D: W: Ever since last night. D. Did you sleep well. W: No. I was very tired last night. D: Oh, I see. . W: Can you tell me how I got a cold. 2002. 辽宁省名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 26 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - D: Maybe you overworked 使过度疲惫 yourself. W: I think so. I have too much work to do every day. Do I have to stay at home. D: Yes. Youd better stay at home for two or three days.W: D: No. I dont think it is too serious. But you really need a good rest and take this medicine. W: D: Three times a day. W: OK. Thank you. 答案：1. Have you taken your temperature./ Have you had your temperature taken ？2. How long have you been like this. 3. You ve got a cold. /Youve caught a bad cold./Youve had a bit of cold.4. Is it serious. /Is that rather serous. 5. How often do I take this medicine. /How often must I take the medicine. 解析 这是一篇看病的对话；1 依据上下句的意思,应确定,这是一个一般疑问句,固下句是 Yes, I have 时态要用现在完成时；又依据 My temperature is a little higher. 所以这句应是“ 你量了体温了吗？”量体温的短语是 take temperature,故此句应是 “ Have you taken your temperature./Have you had your temperature taken ？” ；2 依据上下句, 特殊是下句Ever since last night, 上句确定是 “ 你感冒有多长时间呢？”应用 “ How long have you been like this. ”3 依据上下文, 及全文的意思, 此空应是 “ 你得了感冒； ” 因在下一句, 说了 “ Can you tell me how I got a cold. ”所以此句应填“ You ve got a cold./You ve caught a bad cold./Youve had a bit of cold. ” ；4 依据上下句, 特殊是下句No, I don “ 我的感冒严峻吗？”应填 “ Is it serious./Is that rather serous.”名师归纳总结 5 依据上下句,上句是take this medicine, 下句是 Three times a day. 所以应填“ How 第 10 页,共 26 页often do I take this medicine./How often must I take the medicine.”- - - - - - -精选学习资料