2022年新目标九年级英语单元知识点、短语及句型总结Unitunit.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit 3 一、学问点英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承担者Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼；Fish is eaten by cats.被动语态 鱼被猫吃；被动语态的构成 由“ 助动词 be 及物动词的过去分词” 构成助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规章与时态被动语态结构例句be 作为连系动词时完全一样；一 般 现am English is spoken in many are +过去分词在时countries. is 一 般 过was +过去分词This bridge was built in 去时were + 过去分词1989. 情 态can/should The work must be done right may +be+过去分词动 词now. must/ 被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承担者时,要用被动语态；2. allow sb. to do sth. 答应某人做某事（主动语态）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈答应我每晚看电视；be allowed to do sth. 被答应做某事（被动语态）如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被答应去钦州；3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让 /使（别人）做某事get sth. done过去分词 如：have sth. done I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车I want to have my hair cut. 我要理发 . 4. enough 足够形容词 enough 如： beautiful enough 足够美丽enough名词 如： enough food 足够食物enough to 足够 去做 如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京；She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了；5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止说话；stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话；6. 看起来似乎 sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that +从句He seems to feel very sad. It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来似乎很难过；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 7.倒装句 : 由 so助动词 be/do/will/have/ 情态动词主语 意为： 也是一样Neither/Nor + be 动词 /助动词 /情态动词 +主语 前为否定 表示与前面所述事实一样 . She is a student. So am I. 她是一个同学,我也是；She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了,我也是She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作 ,我也完成了；She will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校,他也是；Tom cant swim. Neither can John.8. yet 仍旧,仍 常用在否定句或疑问句当中 可与 although/though 连用9. stay up 熬夜如： I often stay up until 12:00pm. 我常常熬夜到 12 点；10. clean up 打扫 整理 如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧房；11. 程度副词：always 总是 usually 常常 sometimes 有时 never 从不如： I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是 /常常 /有时 /从不上学迟到；12. 曾经做某事：Do you ever get to school late. Yes, I do. No, I dont. Have you ever got to school late. Yes, I have. No, I havent. 13. go shopping去购物 , go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳 , go boating去划船 go hiking 去登山 , go trekking 去徒步 14. .be strict with+ 人 . be strict in+ 事物 . 例: The head teacher is strict with his students He is strict in the work. 15. take the test 参与考试pass the test 通过考试fail a test 考试失败16. the other day 前几天 ,不久前的一天 .用于过去时 every other day = every two days 每隔一天（每两天）17. agree 同意 反义词 disagree不同意 动词agreement 同意 反义词 disagreement 不同意 名词18. keep sb/ sth. 形容词 使某人 /某物保持 . 如：We should keep our city clean.（cleaning）我们应当保持我们的城市洁净；Dont keep me waiting for a long time. 别让我等得太久；19. both and+动词复数形式如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball. 20. learn sth. from sb. 向谁学习 什么 如：Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事如： I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. 22. at present 目前 23. at least 最少 at most 最多 24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay I have a chance of going to Beijing. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - It take sb. time to do sth. It took me 10days to read the book. sth. cost sb. The book cost me 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book. 25. have +时间段 +off 放假,休息 如： have 2 days off off 不工作 ,不上班 ,不上学 ,不值班 . 例: I think I ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班 . She is off today. 她今日休息 . I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假 . They havent had a day off since last week. 从上周来 ,他们没休息过一天 . 26. reply to 答复某人 如： She replayed to MrGreen. 27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如： I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的看法 如： I agree to LiLei. 28. get in the way of 碍事,阻碍 如：Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活阻碍了她的学习；29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 与 think of 的区分当两者译为：认为、想起、记着时,两者可互用I often think about/ of that day. 我常常想起那天；think about 仍有“ 考虑” 之意, think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用At last, he thought of a good idea. 最终他想出了一个好想法；We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州；31. 对 热衷,对 爱好be serious about doing 如： She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷；be serious about sth. 如： She is serious about him. 她对他感爱好；32. practice doing 练习做某事 She often practice speaking English. 33. care about sb. 关怀某人 如： Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也 用于句中either 也 用于否定句且用于句末too=as well 也 用于确定句且用于句末I am also a student. 我也是一个同学I am a student too. 我也是一个同学；I am not a student either. 我也不是一个同学；35.allow sb to do sth 答应某人做allow doing sth 答应做36.stupid silly foolish 三个词都有 “ 蠢” 的意思 .但略有不同 .stupid 程度最强 ,指智力 懂得力 学习才能差 . silly 指头脑简洁 ,傻头傻脑 ,使人觉得可笑 ,带有感情颜色 . foolish 特别在口语中广泛使用 . 例 : He is stupid in learning math. 他学习数学很笨 . Stop asking such silly questions. 别再问这样傻的问题了 . You are foolish to throw away such a good chance. 你真蠢 ,丢掉这样一个好机会 . 37.He doesn t seem to have many friends.=It seems that he doesnt have man y friends. =He seems not to have many friends. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 38.clean v. 打扫 ,清理clean up 比较完全地打扫 ,清理clean out 打扫 ,清理地最完全 . 39.concentrate on全神贯注做例 : He decided to concentrate on physics because he failed the exam. This company concentrates on China market. 这家公司把重点放在中国市场上. ; 比 更40. more than 与其说 不如说例 : The man is more stupid than nervous. 与其说那人紧急 ,倒不如说他愚蠢 . 在这一结构中 ,more 做 adj. 修饰名词 ,表示“ 比 多”例 :I have more books than you. 我的书比你的多 . 41.volunteer n. 自愿者 . v. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做例 : We all volunteered to help in the old people s home. 我们都理想到敬老院帮忙 . 42. get in the way of. 阻碍 . 例 : He never gets in othersway. 他从不阻碍别人 . The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行车放在那里会阻碍别人的 . 43. success n. successful adj. succeed v. 44. only 处于句首 ,并后跟状语时 ,全句需要倒装 . 例 : Only then did he understand it. 只有到那时 ,他才明白 . Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有这样我们才能把英语学好 . Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 当她到家时 ,他才得知了这消息 . 45. care about 关怀 ,在乎 ,在意 . 例: No one cares about others nowadays. 现在没人关怀别人 . I dont care about what he does. 我并不在意他干什么 . 二、短语1. be allowed to do sth 被答应干allow sb to do sth 答应某人干allow doing sth 答应干2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16 岁的孩子 3. part-time jobs 兼职工作 4. a drivers license 驾照 5. on weekends 在周末 6. at that age 在那个年龄段 7. on school nights 在上学期间的每个晚上 8. stay up 熬夜 9. clean up 相当与及物动词 清扫 10. fail in a test 考试不及格 11. take the test 参与考试 12. the other day 前几天 13. all my classmates 我全部的同学 14. concentrate on 全神贯注于 15. be good for 对 有益 16. in groups 成群的 ,按组的名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 17. get noisy 吵闹 系表结构 18. learn from 向某人学习 19. at present 目前 ,现在 20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做 的机会 21.English-English dictionary 英英词典 22. at least 至少 23.eight hourssleep a night 每晚 8 小时的睡眠 24. an old peoples home 敬老院 25. take time to do sth 花费时间干26. primary schools 学校 27. have off 放假 ,休息 28. reply to 回答 ,答复 29. get in the way of 阻碍 30. a professional athlete 职业运动员 31. achieve ones dreams 实现理想 32. think about 摸索 ,考虑 33. in the end 最终 ,最终 34. be serious about 对 热忠 /极感爱好35. spend on + n. spend in + v-ing 在 上花费时间/金钱36. care about 关怀 ,担忧 ,在乎 37. agree with 同意三.句子1. I dont think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 我认为不应当答应 12 岁的孩子穿耳孔 . 2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他们谈天而不是做作业 . 3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 答应他们熬到晚上 11 点 . 4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often. 我们应当被答应更加常常的花些时间多做这类事情 . 5.What school rules do you think should be changed. 你认为学校的哪些制度应当改一改了 . 6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 这两条牛仔裤穿在我身上都适合 . 7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太脏了 . 8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions. 9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有这样我才能实现我的理想 . 10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. 应当答应他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间 . 11.We have nothing against running. 我们没有理由反对他跑步 . Unit 4 一、学问点名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种希望,建议或是与事实相反的假设等；If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句,非真实条件句应用虚拟语气；假如要表示与现在或将来事实相反时,其虚拟语气结构为：句 型 条件从句 主 句动词过去式 be 动词一律谓语动词形式 would+ 动词原形用 were 即： 从句 if + 主语 +动词过去式 be 动词用 were, 一般过去时主句 主语 +would+ 动词原形 过去将来时如： If I had time, I would go for a walk. 假如我有时间,我就会去漫步；事实上我现在没有时间 If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞；事实上我不是你 I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝；事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员 2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在干某事The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in. pretend +从句 假装 I pretended that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 迟到 如：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party. 4. a few 与 a little 的区分, few 与 little 的区分 a few 一些 修饰可数名词a little 一些 修饰不行数名词 两者表确定意义如： He has a few friends. 他有一些伴侣；There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖； few 少数的 修饰可数名词little 少数的 修饰不行数名词 但两者表否定意义如： He has few friends. 他没有几个伴侣；There is little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里没有多少糖；5. hundred, thousand , million, billion 十亿 词前面有数词或 several 一词时要不能加 s ,反之,就要加 s 并与 of 连用,表示数量很多 如： several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几百 /千/百万 /十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树8. what if + 从句 假如 怎么办, 要是 又怎么样 如：What if she doesn t come. 要是她不来怎么办？What if LiLei knows. 假如李雷知道了怎么办？9. add sth. to sth. 添加 到名师归纳总结 如：I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里；第 6 页,共 12 页10. 系动词与形容词连用get nervous 变得紧急feel shy 觉得害羞look friendly 看起来友好11. too +形/副+to do sth. 太 而不能如：- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I m too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站；12. help with sth. 如： They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如： They help you relax. 他们帮忙你放松13. in public 在公共场所 如: Don t smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟；14. energetic adj. 活力的 如： She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩；energy n. 活力 如： She has lots of energies. 她有活力；15. ask sb. to do 叫 做某事ask sb. not to do sth.叫 不要做某事tell sb. to do 告知 做某事tell sb. not to do sth. 告知 不要做某事如： Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. 16. start doing = start to do. 开头做某事 如：He started speaking/ to speak. 他开头说话；17. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如：I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书；18.wait for sb. 等某人 如： I am wait for him. 我正在等他；19. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如：I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜；20. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如：Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭；21. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐22. plenty of 修饰不行数名词,也可以修饰可数名词 很多 如：They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有很多的食物 /苹果；23. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如：give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果24. get along with=get on with 进行,进展The business is getting along very well. 生意进展的很顺当；How are you getting along with your English study. 你的英语学习进展的怎么样了？相处Do you get along with your boss.= Do you and your boss get along. 你跟老板合得来吗？Im getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同学们相处得很好；25. would rather than （= would rather than）宁愿,而不愿；前后连接两个动词原形,否定形式为：would rather not do sth would rather than = prefer to 但 prefer to 如连接两个动词,动词应为 v-ing 形式；He would rather jog than play football. =He prefers jogging to playing football. would rather 常单独使用,表示“ 宁愿做 ”名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - He would rather watch TV at home. rather than = instead of 而不是（连接两个并列成分,前后对称）；I d prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter.I decided to write rather than telephone. I like going out with you rather than with him. She enjoys listening rather than speaking. 25. in fact 事实上26. let sb. down 让某人扫兴 如：Don t let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈扫兴；27. come up with sth. 提出 想出如： He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好想法；catch up with sb. 追上 赶上如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜；28. have experience doing 在做某事有体会 如：I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有体会；29. come out 出版,出来如： The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出一次；30. by accident 偶然地,无意之中 如：Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不当心割到自己的手指；31. hurry to do 匆忙 I hurry to call the police. 32. more than=over 超过34. offer 供应offer sb sth 给× × offer to sb sth 主动提出干 35. give sb sth=give sth to sb 类似的词仍有 :pass、 lend、 show、 write、 send等buy sb sth=buy sth for sb 类似的词仍有 :make、 draw、cook 等36.look for 查找 find 找到、发觉find out 指经过观看、探究、调查等弄清晰、弄明白；discover 指发觉那些客观存在而不为人所知的实情；如科学上的重大发觉；37.bring 带来take 带走fetch 去并拿来38.talk to/with sb 同× × 说话；tell 告知 , 辨论,辨别；speak to sb 同× × 说话,做及物动词,后跟语言；say 后跟名词、代词及宾语从句做宾语,着重强调说话内容；39.What if 假如 将会怎么样？（引导条件状语从句、疑问句）What if she doesn t come. 她要是不来怎么办？What if your parent don t agree. 假如你的父母不同意怎么办？What if you should fall sick. 假如你生病了怎么办？40.What does/do × ×look like. 问相貌；Whats × ×like. 问“ 品质性格” ；41.give a speech 做演讲 have a speech听演讲 give a report 做报告have a report 听报告名师归纳总结 42.permission n. 答应,许可permit v. 答应第 8 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - without permission 未经许可 43.plenty of 充分的,相当多的；修饰可数或不行数名词,只能用于确定句；否定、疑问句中用 enough. 44.not in the slightest=not at all 根本不45.a little = a bit 修饰形容词、副词a little = a bit of 修饰不行数名词46.the rest 其余的,可指代可数或不行数名词；The others 只能指代可数名词 宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语；由连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 构成 常由下面的一些词引导：由 that 引导表示陈述意义that 可省略He says that he is at home. 他说他在家里；由 if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义 带有是否、已否、对否等 I don t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜爱鱼；疑问词 引导 表示特别疑问意义 由 连接代词、连接副词 Do you know what he wants to buy. 你知道他想要买什么吗？从句时态要与主句一样 当主句是一般现在时,从句依据情形使用任何时态He says that he is at home. 他说他在家里；I don t know that she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌；She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业；Do you know when he will be back. 你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时,从句