南京2018年度一模英语(PDF版含解析无听力题).doc

_*江苏省南京市、盐城市2018届高三一模英语试卷2018.01.18第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）请认真阅读下面各题，从所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.They all sat together at table, laughing and _ stories after many years separation.A. circulatingB. swappingC. spreadingD. plotting22.The movie Coco wraps two _ themes - pursuing dreams, and how we rememberloved ones - in a colorful, culturally specific package.A. contemporaryB. religiousC. historicalD. universal23. - Father always instructs me to do kind acts and bring more joy into the world around us.- Thats great. Small _ can often create huge blessings.A. gesturesB. impactsC. schemesD. concepts24. It is difficult for one to _ the manners of another world when he doesnt know what they are.A. see toB. tend toC. amount toD. subscribe to25.- What about a self-drive trip to Tibet this winter vacation?- It sounds _ marvellous, but I wont be available at that time.A. simplyB. equallyC. firmlyD. merely26._, you need to be failing more if you are expected to succeed in the end.A. Strange as might it seemB. As it might seem strangeC. As strange it might seemD. Strange as it might seem27.- When do you think I can access Blackberry App World on my computer?- Not until you _ your device password correctly.A. enteredB. will enterC. have enteredD. will have entered28.White snow _the small village after a big snowfall, tourists found themselvesstepping into a fantastic fairyland.A. blanketingB. blanketedC. being blanketedD. to blanket29.The best books are treasures of good words and golden thoughts, _, rememberedand cherished, become our constant companions.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. where30. During my first year abroad, I was so busy studying and meeting new people that I did not phone my parents as often as _.A. shouldB. wouldC. should haveD. would have131. -David has been _since he got the offer in this company.-He has to. You know, the boss is a fault-finder.A. facing the musicB. crying for the moonC. walking on eggshellD. waking a sleeping dog32.Men who stay fit can lower their risk of dying from a heart condition by 30% as comparedwith those who are _.A. out of orderB. out of placeC. out of shapeD. out of control33.Most people have to get to a point where they dont have a choice _they will changesomething.A. sinceB. beforeC. whileD. once34.Our hearth is _we make of itgive it attention and it improves; give it none and itweakens.A. whatB. whetherC. howD. who35. -Making a computer program is a Herculean task for me. Can you give me a hand?-Oh, _. Turn to Jackson, who is an expert in it.A. it counts for nothingB. its not the caseC. it doesnt hurt to askD. its all Greek to me第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When Katherine and her daughter drove past Katherines beloved old home, she would say, “Id like to have that house back.” On her 90th birthday, that wish came true.All Katherine wanted for her 90th birthday was to _36_ her childhood home. Her daughter, Emily wasnt so _37_ on the idea. And, as the old saying goes, you can_38_ really go home again. However, the mom and daughter often drove from their_39_ town to cruise past Katherines beloved old home.One day, as Emily visited her local craft store, inspiration _40_ her: Her mother could have her house back-in replica（复制品）_41_. Emily connected with Ray Meyers, a local retired dentist with a _42_ for woodworking. Ray took precise measurements and _43_ details with the help of the current homeowners.The replica home and the amazing story behind it deserved a special _44_. Emily arranged a surprise party at which the replica and Katherine would be _45_. But keeping Katherine in the _46_ was a painful task.“Ray would ask me questions about the house,” Emily says of the planning _47_. “I couldnt remember everything _48_ the last time I was inside was when I was a teenager.2I would _49_ Mother and start a conversation where I would say, Oh, by the way, do you remember and ask her something about the house. She would give details from her memory about the _50_ and the color. She would tell me _51_ what something looked like or where it was in the house.”On the very day, Emily went to _52_ Katherine to her house. “When we went inside, I was just _53_.” Katherine says. “There was a house load of people singing Happy Birthday to me.” Emily presented Katherine with the carefully _54_ replica home.“I just couldnt believe it,” Katherine says. “I have _55_ memories of that house. I have had several family dinners where we eat around it. I now turn on the tiny lights within it. Its so pretty.” For Katherine, it turned out that it is possible to go home again.36.A. accessB. decorateC. buildD. own37.A. keenB. softC. dependentD. hard38.A. generallyB. sometimesC. frequentlyD. never39.A. primaryB. temporaryC. currentD. permanent40.A. overcameB. struckC. failedD. amazed41.A. appearanceB. patternC. outlineD. form42.A. basisB. preferenceC. talentD. hunger43.A. composedB. compiledC. committedD. compared44.A. mentionB. analysisC. researchD. inspection45.A. congratulatedB. appreciatedC. exhibitedD. honored46.A. backB. shadowsC. cloudsD. dark47.A. expectationB. processC. advanceD. destination48.A. becauseB. tillC. as ifD. so that49.A. visit withB. stick withC. deal withD. hold with50.A. managementB. equipmentC. arrangementD. measurement51.A. brieflyB. partlyC. thoroughlyD. vaguely52.A. fetchB. joinC. welcomeD. receive53.A. embarrassedB. shockedC. inspiredD. confused54.A. sortedB. wrappedC. foldedD. restored55.A. recentB. distantC. fondD. selective第三部分 阅读理解（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInspired by the USAs recent solar eclipse(日蚀)? These equally impressive events and activities will inspire your desire for a visit.Witness a desert superbloom3Occasionally, the normally dry Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert, and Chihuahuan Desert will burst into a carpet of yellow, purple, and pink flowers in spring. This is a surperbloom, and it happens if theres significant rainfall between September and November. Theres one wildflower bloom every 5.3 years on average, and a superbloom on average once every 11.2 years.WHERE TO GO: Death Valley National Park, California, the USAWHEN TO GO: FebruaryMarchWatching rockets launchingEvery launch is very impressive and exciting because you dont know what will happen until the last moment. You hear the fire and fury for several minutesseeing a launch in person is a billion times better than watching on TV. The current hot ticket, though, is going to watch a SpaceX reusable rocket launch, then land back at Cape Canaveral.WHERE TO GO: Wallops Fights Facility, Virginia or Kennedy Space Center, FloridaBEST TIME TO GO: Check www.kennedyspacecenter.com or www.nasa.govEnjoy a never-ending lightning stormThink lighting never strikes twice? The odds are more generous over the mouth of the Catatumbo River at Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, which hosts lighting storms for up to 297 nights a year, thanks to its unique geographical location. “Watching the Catatumbo lightning is an experience you will get nowhere else,” says Jonas Piontek, a German photographer who has travelled there twice to capture the storms. “You are basically isolated from everyone no network, no Internet, no real civilization around. Its just you and nature, and one of the best shows on Earth.”WHERE TO GO: Catatumbo Camp, VenezuelaWHEN TO GO: OctoberNovember56. what causes a superbloom to happen in the desert?A. Steady rainfall in a year.B. Occasionally rainfall in winter.C. Heavy rainfall in spring.D. Abnormal rainfall in autumn.57. If you want to escape from reality, you can go to _.A. Mojave DesertB. Wallops Flight FaacilitiesC. Catatumbo CampD. Death Valley National ParkBIf every public interaction were filmed, would the world be a better place? Common sense suggests it would, and to some extent, we already live in such a world, with closed-circuit television cameras everywhere and smart phones in every pocket.However, the routine filming of everyday life is about to go to the next level. A number of countries are rolling out body cams for police officers and other public-facing agencies such as school.4Private citizens are getting in on the act too: cyclists increasingly wear headcams as an insurance against aggressive drivers. As camera technology gets smaller and cheaper, it isnt hard to foresee a future where were all filming everything all the time, in every direction. Would that be a good thing?The available evidence suggests that it discourages behavior such as police brutality. Another upside is that it would be harder to get away with crimes or to escape blame for accidents. But a world on camera could have subtle negative effects. The flood of data we pour into the hands of Google, Facebook and others has already proved a mixed blessing. Those companies would no doubt be willing to upload and store our body-cam data for free, probably with the assistance of machine learning algorithms(算法)-but at what cost to privacy and freedom of choice? Body-cam data could also create a legal mine field. Disputes over the validity and interpretation of police footage(执法镜头)have already surfaced. Eventually, events not caught on camera could be treated as if they didnt happen, like a tree falling in the forest. Alternatively, footage could be faked or doctored to escape blame or incriminate others.Of course, theres always the argument that if youre not doing anything wrong, you have nothing to fear. But most people have done something embarrassing, or even illegal, that they regret and would prefer hadnt been caught on film. People already inspect their social media feeds-or avoid doing anything inadequate in public-for fear of damaging their reputation. Would widespread application of body cams have a further frightening effect on our freedom? The always-on-camera world could even threaten some of the natures that make us human. We are natural gossips and backbiters, and while those might not be desirable behavior, they oil the wheels of our social interactions. Once people assume they are being filmed, they are likely to shut up. We are nowhere near that point yet where everyone will feel they need one as an insurance policy, but we should think hard about whether we really want to say lights, body cam, action.58. What is the benefit of filming to average people?A. Promoting the widespread use of smart phones in public.B. Fighting crimes or bad behavior by providing solid evidence.C. Guaranteeing cyclists and pedestrians more safety on roads.D. Encouraging better performance of the police and teaching staff.59. In the authors view, the data flooding into tech giants is fairly _.A. comfortingB. puzzlingC. worryingD. satisfying60. Certain undesirable behavior is important because if _.A. functions as an insurance policyB. warns us not to be caught on film5C. prevents inadequate social behaviorD. motivates human daily communicationCA so-called “smart drug” intended to improve cognitive（认知的）performance also seems to protect the brain from altitude sickness.Even more people are visiting high-altitude sites for work, sport, religious pilgrimages and military can lead to cognitive effects, including memory loss and attention difficulties.Theres little you can do to prevent these symptoms other than acclimatizebut this takes time and doesnt always work. A drug called oxiracetam might be the answer.ShengLi Hu at the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China and her colleagues studied the performance of male military personnel at altitude. All lived in towns around 1800 meters above sea level. During the study, they spent eight days at this altitude and then climbed for three days to reach 4000 meters, where they stayed for up to a month.Twenty participants took oxriacetam three times a day for the first 15 days of the study, while another 20 received no intervention. The man did tests of attention and memory at the start and end of the study and 20 days in, by which time they had been at 4000 meters for nine days.While all the participants experienced a drop in cognitive ability at 4000 meters, those who took oxiracetam showed a much smaller decline than the control group.Blood flow measurements indicated that at high altitude, parts of the brains cerebral circulatory system contracted and dilated（扩张）in a way that promoted blood flow to the brain stem. This isnt surprising, since the brain stem plays a critical role in the maintenance of basic vital signs.The team also found that the brain stem received blood at the expense of areas responsible for more advanced cognitive functions. But in people who took oxiracetam, more arteries dilated, so blood flow throughout the brain rose. This may be how the drug seems to lessen cognitive problems liked with low oxygen.It isnt yet known whether diverting blood in this way could have negative effects in the long run.“The results are striking and imply that oxiracetam may be beneficial for helping to relieve cognitive deficits caused by altitude,” says Timothy Hales at the University of Dundee, UK.Oxiracetam is not licensed for medical use globally, but it is known to be a mild stimulant, says Hales. “Coca leaves have been used by native Andeans for centuries to overcome altitude sickness and this is attributed to their modest cocaine content. So perhaps it is not surprising that benefit can be derived from another, though mild, stimulant.”61. The underlined word “acclimatize” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _. A. adapt B. interact C. exist D. object62. What does the experiment done in China reveal?A. The higher altitude you are at, the slower your brain will be.6B. At 4000 meters, the two subject groups show no difference.C. Memory tests are beneficial to relieving attention difficulties.D. “Smart drug” largely counters negative effects of altitude sickness.63