主谓一致专项复习[1].doc

主谓一致专项复习【复习目标】·掌握主谓一致的原则。·掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。【课前准备】·要求学生回忆有关主谓一致的具体应用。【知识要点】1语法形式上的一致。主语为单数形式， 谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。2.意义上一致。(1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。(2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数，谓语动词用单数。形复意单(不可数)的词有：news, maths, physics等。3.就近原则谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如there be句型或用连词either.or.，neither.nor.,not only.but also等。4.要注意的几个问题。(1)class, family, team, country, school等集合名词作主语时，如果指整体，用单数；如果指每个成员，用复数。如:His family are watching TV in the sitting room.His family is very big.(2)trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。如：The pair of glasses fits you well.Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men. (3)名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。如：ours (=Our Party) is a great party.Your shoes are black, mine (=my shoes) are brown. 5.当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as well as等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。如：Mr Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday. 6.the+adj表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：The old are going to be looked after well. 7.and连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数，但如果指同个人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词无冠词。如：A speaker and writer is coming tomorrow.(同一个人)A speaker and a writer are coming tomorrow.(两个人) 8.Every A and every B/Each A and each B/No A and no B作主语时，谓语动词用单数，其中A、B代表单数名词。9.The number of+.，谓语动词用单数。A number of+.，谓语动词用复数，相当于a lot of。如：The number of the students in our class is 50.A number of students are learning Japanese now.10.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致Behind the house are some trees.11.表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.12.几分之几/half of/part of/the rest of+n/pron.作主语，谓语动词由后面的n/pron决定。而one of+n/pron作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Two thirds of the bread was eaten. 13.名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。如：The doctor's is on the other side of the street.14.表示“一段时间”“一段距离”“一些钱”的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如：Six miles is too far for an old man to walk.15.关系代词who, that, which在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数与先行词一致。如：Those who want to go have signed their names here.16.疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词根据说话人所表达的意思决定单复数。如：Who live next door? It's Zhang and Liu./Who lives next door? It's Liu.【典型例题解析】例1 The rich _ not always happy.A. are B. is C. has D. have解析the + adj.表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，故选A。例2 The Olympic Games _ held every_ years.A. is，four B. are，four C. is，five D. are，five解析 每四年一次的奥林匹克往往看作复数。故选B。例3 No one but her classmates _it.A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. are knowing解析 当主语后跟有but引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按but前面部分的单复数而定。故选B。例4 解析表示一些钱的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数，故选D。例5 No bird and no beast _ on the lonely island.A. are seen B. is seen C. see D. sees 解析 No.and no.作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选B。【选讲例题】例6 Look, here come some _.A. dog B. horse C. deer D. cow解析 some后的复数名词只有deer,故选C。例7 The number of students of this school _ large.A. are B. have not C. isn't D. aren't 解析 The number of+.，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故选C。【课内追踪练习】单项选择(B) 1.The singer and pianist _ asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday.A. is B. was C. are D. were (A) 2.A large number of students in our class _ girls.A. are B. was C. is D. be(B) 3.The paper for books and new papers _ made of wood.A. are B. is C. has D. have(B) 4.What we need _ good textbooks.A. is B. are C. have D. has(D) 5.Each of the _ in the ship.A. passenger has his own room B. passengers have their own room C. passenger have their own room D. passengers has his own room(B) 6.What you said _the matter we are discussing.A. have something to do at B. has something to do withC. had something to do with D. has been something to do with(B) 7.Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _good painters.A. are.are B. am.areC. is.is D. are.is【复习小结】 1牢记主谓一致的原则。 2牢记主谓一致应注意的几个问题及其用法。【课外巩固练习】一、单项选择(B) 8.Three-fourths of the homework _today.A. has finished B. has been finishedC. have finished D. have been finished(C) 9Many people say 10,000 _ a lot of money.A. dollar is B. dollars are C. dollars is D. dollar are(A) 10.Nobody but two students _ left in the classroom. A. is B. are C. has D. have(B) 11.The police _soon.A. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come(C) 12.More than 60 percent of world's radio programs _ in English.A. is B. was C. are D. be二、用所给词的适当形式填空13.Tom and I are (be) going to see a film this evening.14.The doctor and writer has (have) been here for two years.15.There is (be) a pen and three books on the desk.16.My family all like (like) to watch TV.17.He or she has (have) gone there.18.The news is (be) very interesting.19.Three days is (be) not enough for us.20.Neither of us enjoys (enjoy) climbing the tree.21.Every door and every window is (be) to be cleaned.22.Tom's new trousers are (be) blue.23.None were (be) late for school yester day.24.A cart and horse is (be) coming.25.Tom，like Mary and Rose, has (have) an interesting book.26.One of the windows is (be) closed.27.All of my hope is (be) gone.28.Everything goes (go) well with me.29.Doing morning exercises is (be) good for your health.30.What he said sounds (sound) reasonable.(有理的)31.In the boat are (be) three young men.32.“I” is (be) the ninth letter.三、书面表达假如你是李明，三峡中学学生。你的笔友Peter Rack来信说，他和家人今年暑假要来参观三峡大坝，游览三峡后去上海。请你写一封回信向他们介绍他们来北京后的交通及旅游路线，供他们参考。你和全家人欢迎他们，并到时在车站或机场接他们。the three Gorges(三峡)(1)火车时刻表(北京站)车次 49 438 408始发时间 18：10 08：10 10：05到宜昌时间 次日16：20 次日13：45 次日15：00始发站 宜昌 柳州 怀化备注 往宜昌 往宜昌(2)航空时刻表航班号 6435 78787时间 周二、四、六 周三、四离港 09：20 10：15到港 11：40 12：35起点 首都机场 重庆终点 三峡机场 上海(3)宜昌至重庆游船全天都有。写作提示：这是写一封回信，因此开始必须交待清楚“已收到对方来信，并很高兴”。然后向对方说清楚到北京后由空中怎样到宜昌，由铁路怎样到宜昌，并提出你的建议。