数学相互英语单词及各种符号英语.doc

.-有关基本运算： add，plus加 subtract减 difference差 multiply,times乘 product积 divide除 divisible可被整除的 dividedevenly被整除 dividend被除数 divisor因子，除数 quotient商 remainder余数 factorial阶乘 power乘方 radicalsign,rootsign根号 roundto四舍五入 tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合 union并集 proper subset真子集 solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式 algebraic term代数项 like terms,similar terms同类项 numerical coefficient数字系数 literal coefficient字母系数 inequality不等式 triangle inequality三角不等式 range值域 original equation原方程 equivalent equation同解方程 等价方程 linear equation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)4.有关分数和小数 proper fraction真分数 improper fraction假分数 mixed number带分数 vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数 simple fraction简分数 complex fraction繁分数 numerator分子 denominator分母 (least)common denominator(最小)公分母 quarter四分之一 decimal fraction纯小数 infinite decimal无穷小数 recurring decimal循环小数 tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念 arithmetic mean算术平均值 weighted average加权平均值 geometric mean几何平均数 exponent指数，幂 base乘幂的底数,底边 cube立方数，立方体 square root平方根 cube root立方根 common logarithm常用对数 digit数字 constant常数 variable变量 inversefunction反函数 complementary function余函数 linear一次的，线性的 factorization因式分解 absolute value绝对值，e.g.-32=32 round off四舍五入6.有关数论 natural number自然数 positive number正数 negative number负数 odd integer,odd number奇数 even integer,even number偶数 integer,whole number整数 positive whole number正整数 negative whole number负整数 consecutive number连续整数 rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数 irrational(number)无理数 inverse倒数 composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15 prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15 reciprocal倒数 common divisor公约数 multiple倍数 (least)common multiple(最小)公倍数 (prime)factor(质)因子 common factor公因子 ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制 nonnegative非负的 tens十位 units个位 mode众数 median中数 common ratio公比7.数列 arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列 geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它 approximate近似 (anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向 cardinal基数 ordinal序数 directproportion正比 distinct不同的 estimation估计，近似 parentheses括号 proportion比例 permutation排列 combination组合 table表格 trigonometric function三角函数 unit单位,位 几 何 部 分1.所有的角 alternate angle内错角 corresponding angle同位角 vertical angle对顶角 central angle圆心角 interior angle内角 exterior angle外角 supplement aryangles补角 complement aryangle余角 adjacent angle邻角 acute angle锐角 obtuse angle钝角 right angle直角 round angle周角 straight angle平角 included angle夹角2.所有的三角形 equilateral triangle等边三角形 scalene triangle不等边三角形 isosceles triangle等腰三角形 right triangle直角三角形 oblique斜三角形 inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外 semicircle半圆 concentric circles同心圆 quadrilateral四边形 pentagon五边形 hexagon六边形 heptagon七边形 octagon八边形 nonagon九边形 decagon十边形 polygon多边形 parallelogram平行四边形 equilateral等边形 plane平面 square正方形，平方 rectangle长方形 regular polygon正多边形 rhombus菱形 trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形 arc弧 line,straight line直线 line segment线段 parallel lines平行线 segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形 cube立方体，立方数 rectangular solid长方体 regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体 circular cylinder圆柱体 cone圆锥 sphere球体 solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物 altitude高 depth深度 side边长 circumference,perimeter周长 radian弧度 surface area 表面积 volume体积 arm直角三角形的股 cros ssection横截面 center of acircle圆心 chord弦 radius半径 angle bisector角平分线 diagonal对角线 diameter直径 edge棱 face of a solid立体的面 hypotenuse斜边 included side夹边 leg三角形的直角边 medianofatriangle三角形的中线 base底边，底数(e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数) opposite直角三角形中的对边 midpoint中点 endpoint端点 vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点 tangent切线的 transversal截线 intercept截距7.有关坐标 coordinate system坐标系 rectangular coordinate直角坐标系 origin原点 abscissa横坐标 ordinate纵坐标 numberline数轴 quadrant象限 slope斜率 complex plane复平面8.其它 plane geometry平面几何 trigonometry三角学 bisect平分 circumscribe外切 inscribe内切 intersect相交 perpendicular垂直 pythagorean theorem勾股定理 congruent全等的 multilateral多边的through>in term of/viaoperate>manipulateoffspring>descendantinevitableindispensabledetail>specificexplain>interpretobvious>conspicuoushurt>vulnerableuse>employ/utilizevalue>meritprovide>lend>offertrue>accurateleading to>contribute to/ conduce to/result inmore and more>increasing/growinghardly>merely>barelywell-known>outstandinglarge>miraculous/marvelousalthough>albeit/notwithstandingin fact>actually/virtuallywant>intend to/tend to/be inclined tobecause>in thatmay be>probablyto sum>to summarize/in conclusionexplain>interpret/illustratechange>alterchance>alternativecustom>convention/traditionthink>contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospectarouse>ignite/stimulate/spur/motivatelimit>stress/hinder/hamperkey>crucial/vital/consequentialold>ancientemphasis>accentuatedevote to>dedicate tocharacter>trait/individuality/idiosyncrasy/personalityexpect>anticipatejoin>participatedelegate>representativebias>prejudice/discriminate/tendencythrive>palmy/flourishing/prosperityclash>conflict/collision/rencounterpublicize>propagandizeagree partly>agree with reserveproper>appositewant to>desirebig city>metropolislawmaking>legislationfirst>primarilybut>nonetheless/neverthelesschild>juvenileabsorb>assimilatehand in>renderundermine>sap/enervate/debilitateget into chaos>with chaos ensuingkey>pivot/cruxsway>vacillatefanatic patriotism>jingoism/chauvinismpersusive>thorough/sound/specific/convincingconsider>take into accountvague>gratuitous/unwarranted/oversimplified+ plus加号；正号- minus减号；负号plus or minus正负号is multiplied by乘号is divided by除号is equal to等于号is not equal to不等于号is equivalent to全等于号is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号is approximately equal to约等于号is less than小于号is greater than大于号is not less than不小于号is not more than不大于号is less than or equal to小于或等于号is more than or equal to大于或等于号% per cent百分之per mill千分之infinity无限大号varies as与成比例(square) root平方根since; because因为hence所以equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例angle角semicircle半圆circle圆circumference圆周pi 圆周率triangle三角形perpendicular to垂直于union of并，合集intersection of 交，通集the integral of 的积分(sigma) summation of总和degree度minute分second秒Celsius system摄氏度open brace, open curly左花括号close brace, close curly右花括号(open parenthesis, open paren左圆括号)close parenthesis, close paren右圆括号() brakets/ parentheses括号open bracket 左方括号close bracket 右方括号 square brackets方括号.period, dot句号，点|vertical bar, vertical virgule竖线&ampersand, and, reference, ref和，引用*asterisk, multiply, star, pointer星号，乘号，星，指针/slash, divide, oblique 斜线，斜杠，除号/slash-slash, comment 双斜线，注释符#pound井号backslash, sometimes escape反斜线转义符，有时表示转义符或续行符tilde波浪符.full stop句号,comma逗号:colon冒号;semicolon分号?question mark问号!exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语)apostrophe撇号-hyphen连字号- dash 破折号.dots/ ellipsis省略号"single quotation marks 单引号""double quotation marks 双引号 parallel 双线号&ampersand = andswung dash 代字号section; division 分节号arrow 箭号；参见号