汇编大学英语3课后习题集标准答案.doc

,.Unit 1 Personality(P14)Post Reading Reading Comprehension1. Understanding the Organization of the Text1) Introduction (Para. 1): Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. 2) Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect (Para. 2-3)Peoples self-concept has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.People with high self-esteem usually act with confidence.People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.3) Ways of overcoming shyness (Para. 4-15)i) Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses.ii) Set reasonable goals.iii) Dont waste time and energy on destructive feelings such as guilt and shame.iv) Dont be afraid to speak up and give your point of view.v) Do not make negative comments about yourself.vi) Accept criticism thoughtfully.vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them as learning experiences.viii) Do no associate with people who make you feel inadequate.ix) Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate your goals regularly.x) Practice being in social situations.4) Conclusion (Para. 16) The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.2. Understanding Specific Information1) F 2) T 3) T 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) F 8) F 9) T3. （略）Vocabulary Practice1”Self-” is a prefix which means of, to or by oneself or itself. Words with the prefix “self-” that appear in the text: self-conscious, self-concept, self-assurance, self-worth, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-destructive, self-awareness, self-acceptance, self-rejection, self-confident.1. self-conscious (worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you)2. self-confidence (belief in ones own ability, power, judgment, etc.; confidence in oneself)3. self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone who deserves to be liked, respected, or admired)4. self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that are counter to ones own best interests)5. self-worth (the value you give to your life and achievements)6. self-concept (ones conception or general idea of ones own basic character and nature)7. Self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment about oneself)8. self-assurance / self-confidence (the belief that you are able to deal with people and problems easily)2. 1) B 2) I 3) L 4) A 5) H 6) D 7) E8) N 9) J 10) M 11) C 12) F 13) G 14) K3. 1) profound 2) jealousy 3) numerous 4) overweight 5) overcome6) eventually 7) slim 8) compliments 9) diminish 10) reassurance11) detrimental12) isolated 13) self-esteem 14) accented 4. 1) reflected 2) concerned / worried 3) profound effect / influence4) viewed / regarded 5) sensitive 6) respond / react7)eliminated 8) overcome my fear 9) concentrate on10) made no commentTranslation1. You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.2. In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before.3. When the right opportunity come along, hell take it.4. Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life.5. I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.6. He finally failed to live up to his parents expectations.7. In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.8. He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness.Part Four Writing and Translation(P 46)2. Translation PracticeFrom Chinese into English1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure.2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience.4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties.5) Dont let negative thoughts hold you back.6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so dont blame yourself too much.Unit 2 Myths and Legends(P60)Post Reading Reading Comprehension1. Testing Your Memory1) Because they were invited to a feast in the sky.2) He saw the birds were busy preparing.3) He planned to go to the feast / sky with the birds.4) They didnt agree because Tortoise was mischievous / cunning and ungrateful.5) With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changed man.6) He made two wings with all the feathers he got from each bird.7) All of you.8) Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc.9) For whom have you prepared this feast?10) Because he knew the answer would be “For all of you”, which was his new name. So he could enjoy all the food first.11) They were very angry.12) They took back the feathers they had lent him.13) He asked them to take a message to his wife.14) Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge.15) He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house and cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp things instead.16) His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces.2. Finding the Best SummarySample:Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise. Long long ago, there was a famine, and the birds got an invitation from the sky to attend a feast there. Tortoise learned about it and with his sweet tongue he persuaded the birds to take him with them and so each bird lent him a feather. Tortoise cunningly thought of an idea that enabled him to have all the food by naming himself "All of you". When they reached the sky, they received a warm welcome, and soon the food was presented to them. Then he asked one of the people in the sky, "For whom have you prepared all this feast?" The man replied: "For all of you." So he ate almost all the best food. The birds became very angry and took back their feathers before flying home. Without feathers, he had to jump onto the ground and his shell was broken into pieces. 3. Acting out the Story（略）4. Taking SidesSample:1) I dont admire Tortoises cleverness. He was unwise to cheat all the birds. After his mischief, how could he have face to live together with them any longer? He would have no friends at all. He was clever, but at the same time he was also stupid . When all the birds became so angry, how could he have trusted Parrot? He should have jumped into the sea to avoid being hurt. I sympathize with the birds. They took Tortoise out of kindness, but after flying such a long distance, they had to fly back home on an empty stomach. They were formally invited, but the food was eaten by Tortoise. I think the birds were very unlucky. 2) I learned from the story that a) we should be honest, and shouldnt cheat others. If we cheat others, we will be punished in the end; b) we shouldnt be carried away by sweet words, like the birds; c) a leopard cant change its spots, nor can Tortoise. He was cunning, he could never change his personality and behave himself. Vocabulary Practice1. 1) A. invitation B. invited C. inviting 2) A. prepare B. prepared C. preparation D. preparatory / preparation 3) A. discoveries B. discoverers C. discovered 4) A. approval B. approve C. approved D. approving E. disapprove 5) A. eloquent B. eloquence C. eloquently 6) A. faithful B. unfaithful/faithless C. faith D. faithfully 7) A. occasional B. occasionally C. occasion 8) A. delivery B. delivering C. delivered 9) A. troublesome B. troubled C. troubled D. troubling 10) A. assurance B. assured C. assure2. 1) got / ran into trouble 2) no trouble 3) asking for trouble4) have trouble 5) trouble with 6) in serious/deep/big trouble7) get/getting into trouble 8) took the trouble3. 1) with a pattern of roses2) prepared a wonderful / good meal for us3) promised faithfully4) deliver this letter5) a selection of milk and plain chocolate6) keep out of mischief / behave themselves7) the sound of distant thunder8) received approval from the government9) in spite of the fact that he drank too much10) agree whether the drug is safe or notPart Four Writing and Translation(P 96)2. Translation PracticeFrom English into Chinese 万物之初，天地还是一体，充满混沌。宇宙如同一个大黑蛋，盘古就在黑蛋里。一万八千年以后，盘古长睡醒来，他感到窒息，于是他拿起一把大斧子，用尽全身力量砸开黑蛋。轻的、透明的部分冉冉上升，变成了天；而冷的、混浊的物体依然在下面，变成了大地。盘古站在中间，顶天立地。天地开始以每天一丈的速度分开，盘古的身子也随着长高。一万八千年后，天更高，地更厚，盘古像一根九百万里高的柱子伫立其间，天地永远也无法再合在一起。Unit 3 Social Probelms(P111)Post Reading Reading Comprehension1. What the Text Discusses1）financial 2) career 3) later 4) guilty 5) hurt6) resentful 7) productive 8) independence 9) responsibility10) trusted 11) frightening 12) resentment 13) abandoned14) factors 15) quality2. Understanding Specific Information1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) F 9) F 10) F3. （略）Vocabulary Practice1. 1). C 2) H 3) G 4) A 5) E 6) K 7) I 8) D 9) L 10) B 11) J 12) F21）constantly 2) impact 3) burden 4) Candidly5) fulfillment 6) salaried 7) resentment 8) assistance9) perfect 10) suppress3. 1）successfully 2) resentment 3) security 4) necessity5) advisable 6) access / accessibility 7) athletic 8) maturity9) emotional 10) effectively4. Sentence-Making Game（略）Directions: Make sentences with the words written on the board. You may use more than one word at a time. The sentence you make must be meaningful and grammatically correct. Speed and accuracy are both part of the game.（注意掌握下列词的用法）rise, decade, expense, financial, affect, on the other land, priority, engage, range, forbid, isolate, stimulate, express, claim, widespread, given, work out, take into consideration, in case of, secure, arise, cope with, demand, provide Translation1. Because of an emergency, the doctor will not be available for several hours.2. How will taxes affect people with low incomes?3. My mother always told me that in the long run I would be glad I didnt give up practicing the piano.4. The books range in price form $10 to $20.5. It seems to me that you dont have much choice.6. Given their inexperience, they have done quite a good job.7. For such a big house the price is fairly cheap, but youve got to take into consideration the money you will spend on repairs.8. Can we begin by discussing questions arising from the last meeting?Part Four Writing and Translation(P 142)2. Translation PracticeFrom English into Chinese1) 孩子最好远离毒品一个电话报警者打来三个电话，报告毒品交易。他还对交易场所中小孩子的健康表示了忧虑。有两人被发现因吸入过量毒品而深度中毒，现场还发现大量被使用过的注射器。屋内情况非常糟糕，孩子们立即得到了保护。2) 在逃的武装抢劫犯落入法网四名武装抢劫犯在逃离现场时，开枪打伤了一名警察。警察抓住了两名罪犯，但是不能确认另两名逃走的罪犯的身分。打进报警热线的一个电话准确、详细地描述了这起事件和其中一个逃走的罪犯。不久，一名男子被抓获，他被指控企图谋杀及武装抢劫。Unit 4 Career Planning(P158)Post Reading Reading Comprehension1. Understanding the Organization of the Text1) Introduction (Para.1)Career planning does not necessarily follow routine or logical steps. 2) Students weaknesses in career planning (Para. 2)i) Most students choose from a very narrow group of occupations.ii) 40 to 60 percent of the students choose professional occupations, but only 15 to 18 percent of the work force is engaged in professional work.iii) Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job opportunities.iv) A third of the students are unable to express any choice of occupation. 3) Serious flaws in the ways many people make decisions (Para. 35)i) complacency ignoring challenging informationii) defensive avoidance resorting to wishful thinking or daydreamingiii) hypervigilance searching frantically for career possibilities and seizing on hastily invented solutions 4) Keys to career planning (Para. 611)i) Study yourself.ii) Write your career goals down.iii) Review your plans and your progress periodically with another person.iv) If you choose a career that does not fit you, you can start over. 5) Changes in careers (Para. 1113)i) Few changes involve downward movement; most involve getting ahead.ii) Job changes and career shifts occur at all ages.6) Conclusion (Para. 1415) Although there is no sure way to make career plans work out, there are things that you can do now to shape your career possibilities.2. Understanding Specific Information1) T 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) T 9) T 10) F11) T 12) F3. （略）Vocabulary Practice1. 1) acceptable 2) efficiency 3) implications 4) instability 5) rationalize 6) evaluation 7) unforeseeable 8) invention 9) hastily 10) probability 11) professional 12) challenging 13) defensive 14) personality2. 1) in case 2) Every so often 3) resort to 4) talk over 5) start over 6) in reality 7) at stake 8) seized on 9) leading to 10) take stock of 3. 1) programs 2) way 3) technical 4) both 5) provided 6) who 7) such 8) needed 9) opportunities 10) when 11) to 12) Completion13) holding 14) early 15) hire 16) promote 17) up 18) educatingTranslation1. 几年前他心脏动了一次大手术。(undergo)He underwent major heart surgery several years ago.2我们估计完成这项工作要花一个星期。(estimate) We estimated that it would take a week to finish the work.3许多妇女发现从事一种职业同时又要孩子是很困难的事。(pursue) Many women find it difficult to combine pursuing a career and having a child / children.4你可以爱