导学案必修五Unit1(6).doc

襄阳一中 高二年级 导学提纲 英语必修五 编写：梅竹 审核：宋书帆 使用时间： 姓名： 考号： Unit 1 Great scientists（Period 4 Using language）【学习目标】1. 理解Using language课文内容。 2. 掌握文中的语言点、重难点句型用法。【学法指导】1. 翻开课本第7页，读课文，理解文章内容并完成导学案Part 1练习。2. 学习导学案Part 2里的句型结构，了解句型用法并能灵活运用于完成句子和作文。3. 以小组为单位，学科长组织组员每人一段逐句讲解课文含义，难以理解的地方可以求助老师。【知识链接】Brief Introduction of Copernicus哥白尼（Nicolaus Copernicus，14731543），波兰天文学家，日心说的创立者，近代天文学的奠基人。 哥白尼1473年2月19日生于波兰维斯瓦河畔的托伦城。10岁丧父，由舅父瓦琴洛德抚养。18岁时进克拉科夫大学，在校受到人文主义者、数学教授布鲁楚斯基的熏陶，抱定献身天文学研究的志愿。 哥白尼的主要贡献是创立了科学的日心学说，写出“自然科学的独立宣言”天体运行论。1535年，哥白尼用“四个九年的时间”完成了长达六卷的科学巨著天体运行论。完整地提出了太阳结构的理论日心学说：太阳居于宇宙的中心静止不动，而包括地球在内的行星都绕太阳转动。离太阳最近的是水星，其次是金星、地球、火星、木星和土星。只有月球绕地球转动。恒星则在离太阳很远的一个天球上静止不动。 哥白尼把统率整个宇宙的支配力量赋予太阳，而各个天体则都有其自然的运动。哥白尼的日心学说科学地阐明了天体运行的观象，推翻了统治长达一千多年的托勒密体系地心学说，并从根本上否定了基督教关于上帝创造一切，地是静止不动的谬误。 哥白尼慑于教会的统治，怕遭到反对和迫害，迟迟不愿将天体运行论公开出版。1543年5月24日，哥白尼在他弥留之际，才在病榻上见到了刚刚出版的天体运行论样书。 尽管哥白尼的“太阳中心说”公布后，受到社会上宗教势力和守旧的人们的污蔑和攻击，甚至于信仰宣传这一学说的人也被残酷的镇压和迫害，但是哥白尼的学说，取得了最终的胜利。哥白尼和他的天体运行论就像是黑暗夜空中闪烁的巨星，一直放射着璀璨的光芒。其后开普勒建立行星运动三定律,牛顿发现万有引力定律，以及行星光行差、视差相继发现，日心说遂建立在更加稳固的科学基础上。【自测试题】Part 1. Reading. Scan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text. 1. After a long times thought, Copernicus concluded the center of the solar system was . A. the sun B. the earth C. Mars D. sky 2. Copernicus didnt publish his theory of the center of the solar system until . . A. he was dying B. he told his friend C. he draw a conclusion D. he did an experiment3. According to the passage, we can infer that . . A. Copernicus was a courageous person to speak out B. Copernicuss friend didnt accept his theory then C. the society was then ruled by Christians theory D. Newton introduced Copernicuss theory to others. Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese.1. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. 2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 3. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. 4. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. Part 2. Sentence structure 1. (教材P7)Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。句法分析这是一个由only修饰状语从句位于句首引起的倒装句。 “only副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即把主句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。Only if a teacher gives permission is a student allowed to enter the room. 只有得到老师的允许，学生才能进房间。Only by shouting and waving his hands could he be noticed 只有靠大声呼叫和摆手才能使人注意到他。Only when he returned did we find out the truth. 只有他回来时我们才发现真相。注意only如果不是修饰状语，即使放在句首，句子也不倒装。Only she can do it well. 只有她才能把这件事做好。易混辨析 if only，only ifif only表示“但愿，要是就好了”，常引导含虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。only if表示“只要”，only if本身不是一个固定词组。only是副词，用来修饰整个if从句。若用于句首，后接从句，主句要部分倒装。自主探究 Our teacher said，“_ you study hard will you pass the exam.” _ I had followed her advice! 我们老师说过，“你只有努力学习才能通过考试。” 要是我听从了她的建议就好了！2. (教材P7)He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。句法分析主句后面的with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth是with复合结构，即“with宾语宾语补足语”结构。with的复合结构，在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、伴随等。此结构还可作后置定语。with复合结构的构成：with宾语With the boy leading the way，we found his house easily. 由小男孩带路，我们很容易找到了他家。With so much work to do，I have no time for a holiday. 因为有很多工作要做，我没有时间度假。I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间里坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。He is used to sleeping with the windows open. 他习惯开着窗子睡觉。He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 他手里拿着拐杖走进黑暗的大街。【生成问题】 【当堂训练】完成句子1. you eat the correct foods will you be able to keep healthy. (only) 只有正确饮食，你才能保持身体健康。2. The young man came in, . (with)这个年轻人进来了，身后跟着一条狗。3. All the afternoon he worked . (with) 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。4. It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and . (sense) 正是这种语言影响了我看待事物、表达观点和了解世界的方式。 5. With the portrait, mother was deep in thought. (fixed) 凝视着画像，母亲陷入了沉思。 多项选择1. With everything _，she went out of the shop，with her hands full of shopping bags.Abought Bto buy Cbuying Dbuy2. Only when your identity has been checked，_Ayou are allowed in Byou will be allowed in Cwill you allow in Dwill you be allowed in3. Only in this way _ to get there ahead of time.Ayou can hopeByou did hope Ccan you hope Ddid you hope4. Most days of the year begin and end with no lasting memories _ in between.Ato be made Bmade Cbeing made Dhaving made5. (2012·高考辽宁卷)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ them.Ato follow Bfollowing Cfollowed Dfollows【日清反思】 2 / 2