（整理版高中英语）第一册Unit14Festivals.doc

第一册Unit 14 FestivalsI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1argue 2majority 3probable 4honourable 5national 6create 7faithful 8commerce 9simila rly1osalutation 11celebrate 12respectful/respectable 13foolish 14inwte 高考须掌握的短语：1up 2in 3on 4in 考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇 1symbol n象征；符号；记号eg： In this picture the tree is the symbol of Iife and the snake is the symbol of evll这幅画中树是生命的象征，蛇是邪恶的象征。相关链接：syrflbolic adj象征(性)的；用符号表示的symbolism n象征主义 symbolist n象征派作家或艺术家 。用法拓展；the symbol of的象征the symbol f0 r代表的符号案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 (典型例题he lion is consid-ered the king of the forest as it is a(n) of courage and power Aexample BsignC. mark D. symbol考题1点拨：答案为D。example例子；sign招牌，征兆，迹象!mark痕迹，记号；symbol象征。句意为：“狮子被认为是森林之王，因为它是勇气和力量的象征。20pinion n意见；看法 eg：一His opinions are usually based on facts他的看法通常有事实根据。用法拓展:in one's opinion依照的看法 have a good/bad/high/lOW opmion of有好感/反感；评价 高/低 be of the opinion that一认为/主张考题2 ( 典型例题 分 ) my opinion, you should ask for his advice before you decide to have an opera- tion. A. In B. To C. For D. With考题2点拨：答案为A。in one's opinion是固定词组，表示“依照的看法。3honour(=honor)vt尊敬；给以荣誉eg： Im honoured that you should notice me你竟注意到我，我感到荣幸。相关链接jhonour n尊敬，敬重；荣誉，信誉 honourable adj荣耀的，体面的用法拓展：in honour of出于对的敬意，为了纪念 a point of honour有关荣誉的事 do sbthe honour of domg sth赏光给某人考题3 ( 典型例题 分 ) Lei Feng Street, a newly built street in the city, was named Lei Feng. A. instead of B. by means of C. in favour of D. in honour of "考题3点拨:答案为D。instead of代替；by means of通过方式；in favour of赞同，支持；in honour of为了纪念。句意为：“雷锋街，这座城市刚建成的街道，是为了纪念雷锋而命名的。 4purpose n目的；意图 eg： Did you come to London for the purpose of seeing your family，or for busihess purpose?你到伦敦来的目的是要来看望家人，还是为了公事?用法拓展：on purpose成心地 to little/no/some/good purpose几乎无/毫无/有些/有很好的结果或效果考题4 (典型例题) Im sorry I stepped on your toe; it was an accident. -It wasn't. You did it A. for purpose B. with purpose C. on purpose D. to purpose考题4点拨：答案为c。on purpose是固定词组，表示“成心地。5gift n礼物；天赋eg： He has a gift of speaking welI他天生能说会道。 相关链接：gifted adj有天才的；有才华的用法拓展：have a gift for sth有的天资 have a gft of doing sth有做某事的天赋考题5 The child has a gift music. A. gift ; for B. gifted; to C. gift ; to D. gifted; for考题5点拨：答案为D。gifted adj有天才的，有才华的，修饰child。have a gift for sth有某方面的才华/天资。句意为，：“那个有才华的孩子有音乐方面的天资。二、重点短语6dless up盛装；打扮；装饰eg： we dressed up forthe wedding我们为参加婚礼而盛装打扮。相关链接：dress sbup把某人打扮一番dres；sthup(比喻)修饰；掩饰 be dressed in穿着的衣服 be well/poorly dressed穿着考究/破烂get dressed穿衣服考题6 (典型例题分)On Christmas Day people walked about in the streets their best. A. and wear B. and put on C. dressed in D. to wear考题6点拨：答案为c。此句中的谓语动词为walked about。dressod in their best表示“穿着他们最好的衣服，作方式状语。句意为：“在圣诞节，人们穿着他们最好的衣服在街上走动。7pIay a trjck on sb开某人玩笑；欺骗某人eg：考题7 (典型例题)What a nasty trick to play someone who is-supposed to be your friend. A. to B. for C. with D. on考题7点拨：答案为D。play a trick on sb开某人玩笑；欺骗某人。句意为：“对自己的朋友开这种玩笑太过分了。8as much as sbcan尽某人之力eg： We must do as much as we can to make our country better and more powerful我们必须尽力使我们的国家更加美好，更加强大。用法拓展：as+adj/adv+as sbcan尽某人之力 可用as+adj/adv+as possible来替代。 eg： He ran as fast as he can一He ran as fast as possible 他拼命地跑。考题8-1 (典型例题分)Bill is a good man,. kind and diligent. Don't be too hard on him. He's doing the job A. as good as he can B. as well as could C. as well as he can D. as good as possible考题8-2 ( 典型例题 分 ) My friend promised to write to me when he got to Beijing. A. as fast as possible B. as possible as soon C. as quick as possible D. as soon as possible考题81点拨：答案为C。后一句要用副词well修饰动词词组do the job，故可排除A、D项，B项搭配不对，应为as well-as possi ble，所以C为正确选项。考题82点拨：答案为D。B项搭配不对。A、c项中的fast、qurck在此句中修饰write to me均不适宜，as soon as possible表示时间上尽快干某事。句意为：“我的朋友容许他到后会尽快给我来信。总结提示：使用as+adj/adv+as sbcan/possible句式时，妻先确定句式搭配正确，再确定用适宜的形容词或副词与所修饰成分的搭配。三、重点交际用语9本单元的重点交际用语是如何表达和支持某种观点。注意以下的几种表达：In my opinion, we should. I believe we should. I hope we can make a decision We must decide. If we do this, we can. I don't think it is necessary to.考题9 (典型例题)-You can't finish "the book in less than an hour, I suppose! A. Yes, Im sure I can B. No, hardly C. Sorry, I can't D. t don't think I can考题9点拨：答案为A。前面是表示否认的陈述句；后用Yes答复：意思是“不，与Im sure I can相对应，表示不同意前者的观点。四、重点句型 10The Day of the Dead is an ancient festival celebrated in Mexico 亡人节是墨西哥的一个古老节日。 the dead已故的人，“the+形容词表示一类人，这一结构作主语时谓语动词要用复数形式。 eg： The young should respect the old年轻人应该尊重老年人。 ， The blind study in special schools盲人在特殊学习。用法拓展：the brave勇者the poor穷人the rich富人 the sick病人the living活着的人the wounded伤病员 the deaf and dumb聋哑人 the unemployed失业的人考题10 The whole city in deep sorrow at the news and the old extremely sad. A. was; was B. were; were C, was; were D. were; was考题10点拨：答案为c：the whole city指“整座城市时，用单数谓语动词，the old指“老年人，用复数谓语动词。句意为：“听到这个消息，整座城市沉浸在悲哀之中，老年人尤其伤心。 五、词语辨析11common，ordinary common指许多事物或人所共同具有的常见的性质；ordinary指由于与一般事物的标准或品质相同而所具有普通的性质。 eg： Colds are common in winter冬天感冒是很常见的。 I use ordinary gasoline我使用普通汽油。考题11 ( 典型例题 分 ) Whoever has sense knows that smoking is harmful to people's health. A. normal B. general C. ordinary D. common考题11点拨：答案为D。normal正常的，generaI通常的，。rdinary普通的，common常见的。common sense常识。句意为：“任何有常识的人都知道吸烟有害人的健康.浯法归纳 精通规那么 游刃有余情态动词(二)must；have to；have got to的用法1must的用法总结归纳如下： 用法 must must not 例句 表示必要。They must find out the new information as quickiy as possble他们必须尽快搞清新的信息。表示推断或揣测，指极有可能或不可防止，意为“一定会；一定要；一定是。must后跟不定式的一般式表示对现在情况的猜想，must后跟不定式的进行式表示对现在正在发生或将来正在发生的事情的推测，must后跟不定式的完成式表示对过去情况的猜想。HelloYou must be Dr Yang你好，你一定是杨博士吧。You must be joking!你是在开玩笑吧!The doctor Manette tea“sed that the girl must have been badly treated曼奈特医生意识到这女孩一定受到了虐待。So she must have taken that too那么她一定把那个也带走了。表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦意为“偏要。The machine must break down at this busy hour正忙的时候，机器偏偏坏了。Why must you ask such silly questions?你为什么偏要问这些愚蠢的问题?表示禁止。In some Asian countries·you must not touch the head of another person在一些亚洲国家，你绝对不可以触摸另一个人的头。2have to表示必须、应该(客观需要)；比must有更多的时态形式。 eg： I have to follow his advice我得听从他的建议。 I had to do some extra work last night 昨天晚上我得加班。3have got to相当于have to，通常用于非正式文体中。 eg：I have got to go now我现在得走了。考题1 (典型例题- return the dictionary within three days? -No, you You it for five days. A. May; needn't; can borrow B. Can; mustn't; would have C. Must; don't have to; can keep D. Shall; can't; should read考题2 (典型例题)l promised to get there before 5 o'clock, but now the rain is pouring down. They for me impa-tiently. A. may wait B. ought to wait C. could wait D. must be waiting考题3 (典型例题- you make so much noise?-Sorry, Ill take care not to. A. Must B. Can C. May D. Would考题1点拨:答案为c。在must问句中,否认答复用needn't或don't have to!有时间状语for five days，就不可以与borrow连用，can表示许可。 考题2点拨：答案为D。must be waiting现在。一定在等待。must be doing表示对现在正在进行的情况的肯定推测。句意为：“我容许在5点钟前到达但现在雨下得正大，他们一定在不耐烦地等我。 考题3点拨；答案为，A。must表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦，意为“偏要。句意为：。你俯要弄出这么大声音吗?"-对不起我会注意不这样了。IV专题探究由点及面 由表及里专题探究：专题详解： 考查内容多以实词为主，其中对动词的考查最多。动词的考查分为：谓语动词和非谓语动词两种。谓语主要考查时态、语态、主谓一致；非谓语动词主要考查不定式、分词和动名词的使用及前后一致关系。代词的考查有：各类代词是否混淆或误用，代词前后是否指代一致以及代词的漏用(如关系代词的漏用等)。冠词的考查点为：单数名词是否缺冠词；复数名词、物质名词、抽象名词泛指时是否多冠词；各类名词特指时是否少了定冠词；习惯用语或句型在使用中是否遗漏或添加了多余的冠词。考查形容词或副词，考点多为：形容词、副词的混淆使用。考查名词，测试的重点为：名词的数，尤其是复数名词的构成规那么和名词的用法。连词的考点为：并列连词和附属连词是否误用，是否符合逻辑。高考短文改错中的介词测试点为固定搭配或习惯用法中是否多余或漏掉介词。解题技巧与方法，一般也是“三遍法1通读全文，弄清短文大意。 不少考生在做短文改错时，只把注意力集中在寻找语法错误和用词的错误上，而无视了对文章的通篇理解。造成判断失误。所以要首先弄清文章大意，理解上下文之间的关系，才能正确做题。2仔细推敲，考虑错误的可能存在形式并加以改正。3复读全文检查复核答案。 做完题后，应把短文重读一篇，从意思和语言上再仔细推敲，检查所改答案能否使全文流畅，用词搭配是否正确，语法使用是否标准等。V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回忆1 测试考点 6 (典型例题 in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed1A点拨：be dressed in穿着衣服因前后主语一致，故省略了be。回忆2 测试语法 (典型例题)children under 12 years of age in that country be under adult supervision when in a public library. A. must B. may C. can D. need2A点拨：must表示“必须，是强制性的一种表达。回忆3 测试语法(典型例题)John, look at the time. you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need3A点拨：must意为“偏要。表示说话人的一种不满情绪。回忆4 测试语法 (典型例题分)According to the local regulations, anyone who intends to get a driver's license take an eye test. A. can B. must C. would D. may4B点拨：must必须，can能够。would愿意，may可以。句意为“根据当地的规定，任何人要想获得驾驶执照必须进行视力测试。 回忆5 测试语法 (典型例题-Who is the girl standing over there? -Well, if you know, her name is Mabel. A. may B. can C. must D. shall5C点拨：must必须，一定；may表示“可能性may know可能知道，与句子的意思矛盾；can能够；shall用于第二人称表示说话人的意图。支配对方的行动，含有命令、恫吓等语气。句意为“哎，如果你非要知道，(那我就告诉你)她的名字叫美宝。应选o。VI高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机一、考情预测 年考情预测预测 1：情态动词must的用法 预测根据：must是情态动词中极为重要的一局部。可表示必要，与not连用表禁止；用于表示肯定的推断或揣测；可表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦，意为“偏要。这几点都是must使用中要注意的问题，也是高考考查的重点。 预测2：the+形容词作主语 预测根据：the+形容词作主语表示一类人或物，应用复数的谓语动词与之对应，这是主谓一致中一个重要的构成局部在高考题中也是一个热点但考生往往无视这一点。 预测3：与dress有关的动词词组 预测根据：dress是一个既可表动作又可表状态的动词，dress up，dress sb/oneself以及be dressed(in)，get dressed都是高 考考查的重点。尤其是dress使用的灵活性更易于在此点上灵活设题。 预测4：如何表达和支持一种观点预测根据：如何表达和支持一种观点是在交际口语中经常用到的知识，也是高考题中考查交际用语时常常要涉及的内容。 预测5：话题预测 本单元的中心话题是“节日具体涉及“节日的诞生、“节日的主题、“如何庆祝节日、“习俗等。语言技能和语言知识都是围绕“节日这一中心话题设计的。高考题与此话题有关的题目会出现在完形填空或阅读理解局部题目会涉及节日的起源、开展或庆祝方式。二、考题预测备考1测试考点4 - What's the of this trip? - To collect money for the Hope Project. A. reason B. purpose C. result D. meaning1B点拨：从后面的答复“为希望工程筹钱可知，前者问此行的目的。 备考2测试考点 9 Would you do me a favour to give me a ride? A. Yes, that's right B. No trouble C. Never mind D. With pleasure2D点拨：With pleasure十分乐意。 备考3测试考点 8 Talk less but try to do you can. A. so many as B. as many as C. as little as D. as much as3D 点拨：as much as you can相当于as much as possible。备考4测试语法 -Must I finish the job in three hours? -No, you A. mustn't B. can't C. don't have to D. may not4C点拨：don't have to相当于needn't，用于must问句的否认答复。备考5测试语法 -Why does Tom know so much about the Great Wall of China？ -He have been there. A. ought to B. need " C. must D. can5C点拨：must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测。备考6测试考点 1 The cross is the of Christianity. A. symbol B. symbolic C. symbolism D. symbolize6A点拨：根据句子结构可知句中缺少一个名词，而symbolic为形容词，symbolize为动词，symbolism虽然是名词但不合句意，应选A。备考7测试考点3 The president called on all the people should fight for the of the country. A. honouring B, honour C. honourable D. honoured7B点拨：“the honour of意为“·的荣誉。 备考8测试考点 5 She's always been able to learn languages easily; it's a A. gifted 15. gifting C. ability D. gift8D 点拨:句意为：“她学习语言一向是轻而易举，这是天分。备考9测试语法 Johnny, you play with the knife. You hurt yourself. A. won't; can't B. mustn't: may C. shouldn't; must D. can't; shouldn't9B 点拨mustn't表示禁止，意为：“千万不要，一定别。may表示可能性。备考10测试考点 3 Washington. a state in the United States. was named one of the greatest American presidents. A. in honour of B. instead of C. in favour of D. by means of10A 点拨：in honour of为了纪念；instead of代替；in favour of赞成/支持lby means of通过的方式。备考11测试考点 9 Do you think our basketballers played very well yesterday? A. They were not nervous at all B. They were still young C. They played naturally D. They couldn't have done better11D l与拨此交际用语用来表示赞同前者所表达的观点。句意为：“你认为我们的篮球队员昨天表现得好吗?他们不可能比这做得更好了。备考12高考新题型：阅读填空题 Man: . and lastly this week I have some information about a course at the County College near Burnside, which might be of interest to .someone wanting a late-season break, or to groups. They tell me they have spaces on their County Sports courses the weekend after next. There are three courses that you might like to join: fishing, hill-walking, and rock-climb ing. So, quite a lot of variety there. The fishing is open to any one over the age of 12, and so is. the hill-walking: For the rock climbing you must be sixteen or older, for safety reasons. All these courses are really enjoyable.BURNSIDE COUNTY COLLEGECounty Sports Weekends COURSE AGE Fishing 12+ (1) (2) Rock-climbing 16+12(1)Hill-walking(2)12+