生态型住宅小区规划设计外文翻译文献.docx

生态型住宅小区规划设计外文翻译文献 生态型住宅小区规划设计外文翻译文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译) 原文： Analysis and Discussion on the planning and design of modern ecotype housing district Abstract:in this paper, combined with the practice of many years of planning and design work of the author, analyzes the characteristics and functions of modern ecological residential district, the overall planning and design idea are discussed; and an example is described to illustrate the main points of planning and design of modern ecotype housing district. Keywords:ecological residential area; planning and design; ecological construction; ecological balance; sustainable development 1 Introduction In recent years, people continue to study methods and approaches to ecological and sustainable development "concept, the design of ecological architecture" become the mainstream of the architectural design, green ecological residential district will emerge as the times require. The author thinks, principles and methods of ecology, sparingly use and transform nature, seeking the most suitable for human survival and sustainable development, the building environment to maintain as an organic, with the structure and function of the whole system, this is the basic principle and the development direction of the ecological architecture. The basic principles of ecology is to maintain the state of equilibrium is relatively stable within the ecosystem - the planning and construction of ecological balance, ecological residential, can improve the survival of the human and the environment for sustainable development. Ecological residential district is multi-dimensional, three-dimensional, environmental engineering, have practical function, environmental benefits, high technology content and concept of sustainable architecture and architectural patterns, and the balance of natural ecology system of residential building into the region of. Ecological residential areas need not only adapt to the ecological environment, and does not destroy the ecological environment construction, and saving water and energy, improve the ecological environment, the advantages of low pollution, non-toxic, harmless, prolonging the service life of the building, expression of humanized design, good ventilation and lighting, is the human movement seeking harmony with nature the ideal living environment with science and technology means, to form a benign circulation between the building and the natural ecological environment The characteristics and function analysis of 2 ecological residential district Characteristic of 2.1 ecotype residential quarters Ecological residential district in addition to pay attention to comfort, health, but also should reflect the ecological benefit, and showed a relationship between a new human life style and environment, which is characterized in: 1) increase the rate of greening. But the green environment is no simple planting flowers, but a combination of ecology, architecture and aesthetics, biological engineering, geography, city and district environmental planning, water resources, properly handle the ecological balance and make full use of green building. 2) saving land resources. Pay attention to the use of green building materials, which can save land. The limited land area of the return of human, and the rational use of the contemporary and later generations benefit. 3) conservation of water resources. This is not to be ignored in the content of the ecological residential development and construction. Water is the source of life, our country is a country short of water, for the reclaimed water and rainwater collection and utilization of resources, far less than the western and some developed countries. We don't have to wait for the water resources expert forecasts to 2025, saving water crisis erupted just research on water resources, by then it's too late. 4) the full and effective use of natural resources. Ecological design into the design of residential district, because every ecological system has its own structure and the corresponding material circulation ways and means, the normal state, the circulation and energy flow have a certain stability. Such as the use of light and heat, interior design, the use of energy-saving lamps system, can reduce the cost of the project, and the development of ecological benefit. 5) the implementation of classification of garbage treatment. This work does not belong to the residential construction, but it is the green environmental protection, residential property management. Function 2.2 ecological residential district Green ecological residential district can keep the city ecosystem biodiversity and regulating regional climate and reduce the total pollutant effects, mainly reflected in the: 1) to keep the city ecosystem biodiversity. Biodiversity refers to many biological and ecological environment with complex formation in sum and its corresponding ecological process. The contents include biological species, genetic diversity and ecosystem. In addition, the ecological residential district can ensure the integrity, continuity of the city natural ecological processes, reduce the species distribution city biological and flow resistance, the current transformation of the environment, and to provide the best environment for biological survival and reproduction. 2) adjusting regional climate, reducing the total amount of pollutants. Green ecological residential effective use of wall, windowsill, balcony space, planting flowers, trees and other green plants. Can achieve absorbing carbon, oxygen, water purification, adjust the temperature and humidity, improving the regional climate features; reduce city noise, dust, can create a comfortable living environment. In other words, the relative degree of investment environment, green residential high, is not only beneficial to reduce air pollution, provide oxygen, water and soil conservation, improvement of housing climate, but also conducive to the residential area of beauty. 3 modern ecotype residential district planning and design In the bustling city of modern, people asphyxiated by modern building reinforced concrete frame, and want to live can rest in the heart of the green home, become a kind of scarce urban complex city people. In this paper the author in the design concept of ecological living environment, trying to interpret a new modern living communities, so as to create a respect for nature, return to natural free walking home. The ecological environment is the most basic elements of "green" and "water", "green 翻译： 现代生态型住宅小区规划设计分析探讨 摘要 本文结合笔者多年规划设计工作实践,分析了现代生态型住宅小区的特点和功能,对其规划设计整体构思进行了详细探讨;并结合实 例对现代生态型住宅小区规划设计要点进行了阐述说明。 关键词:生态型住宅小区;规划设计;生态建筑;生态平衡;可持续发展 1引言 近年来,人们不断研究有利于生态与可持续发展的途径和方法, 其中“生态建筑”的设计概念成为了当今建筑设计的主流,绿色环保生态型住宅小区也就应运而生了。笔者认为,用生态学的原理和方法,有节制地利用和改造自然,寻求最适合人类生存和发展的可持续性, 把建筑环境作为一个有机的、具有结构和功能的整体系统来维护,这才是生态建筑的基本原则和发展方向。 生态学的基本原理是要保持生态系统内相对稳定的平衡状态生态平衡,规划建设生态住宅小区,可改善人类生存和持续发展的 空间环境。生态住宅小区是多维、立体、环保的工程,具备实用功能、环境效益、科技含量高而又可持续发展的建筑理念和建筑模式,并将该居住建筑融于地域的自然生态平衡系统中。生态住宅小区需要既适应生态环境,又不破坏生态环境的建筑,还有着节水、节能、改善生态环境、低污染、无毒、无害、延长建筑物寿命等优点,表达人性化设 计,通风和采光良好,是人类运用科技手段寻求与自然和谐共存的理 想居住环境,使建筑物和自然生态环境之间形成良性循环 2生态型住宅小区的特点与功能分析 2.1生态型住宅小区的特点 生态型住宅小区除了要注意达到舒适、健康外,还应体现生态效益,并呈现出一种新的人类生活方式与环境的协调关系,其特点表现在: 1)提高绿化率。 但是这种环境绿化决非简单的栽种花草,而是结合生态学、建筑与美学、生物工程学、地理学、城市和小区环境规划、水资源等学科,妥善处理好生态平衡并充分利用绿地建设。 2)节约土地资源。 重视采用绿色建筑材料,这样可节约土地。将有限的土地面积归还人类,并合理利用其为当代和后世子孙造福。 3)节约水资源。 这是生态住宅小区开发和建设中不可忽视的内容。水是生命之源,我国是缺水的国家,对于雨水和中水资源的收集和利用,远不如西方 和一些发达国家。我们不要等到水资源专家所预测的,到2025年水危机空前爆发时方才研究水资源的节约问题,到那时为时晚矣。 4)充分而有效利用自然资源。 将生态设计引入住宅小区设计中,因为每一生态系统都有其各自 的结构和相应的物质循环方式及其途径,常规状态下,其循环和能量 流动具备一定的稳定性。如利用阳光和热能,室内设计采用系统化的节能灯等,即可降低工程成本,又开发出生态效益。 5)对垃圾实行分类处理。 此项工作虽不属于住宅建设的内容,但它是绿色环保、住宅物业管理工作。 2.2生态型住宅小区的功能作用 绿色生态住宅小区可保持城市生态系统生物多样性和调节地区 气候并减少污染物总量的功效,主要体现在: 1)保持城市生态系统生物多样性。 生物多样性系指诸多生物与环境结合形成的生态复合体总和及 其相应的生态过程。内容包括生物物种、遗传及其生态系统多样性。此外,生态住宅小区可以保证城市自然生态过程的整体性、连续性, 减少城市生物物种分布和流动的阻力,改造目前的环境,同时为生物 提供最佳生存和繁殖环境。 2)调节地区气候,减少污染物总量。 绿色生态住宅小区有效利用墙面、窗台、阳台等空间,种植花草、树木等绿色植物。可达到吸碳制氧,净化水体、调整温湿度,改善区域气候的功能;亦可减少城市噪音,可吸尘,可营造出舒适的生活居住环境。换言之,在相对投资环境下,住宅区绿化程度高,不仅有利于降低空气污染,提供氧气,保持水土,改善住宅气候,而且有利于住宅区的 美感。 3现代生态型住宅小区规划设计构思 在现代的繁华城市里,人们为钢筋水泥构架的现代建筑所窒息, 而要想生活在心灵可以休憩的绿色家园里,成了城市人的一种可遇而不可求的都市情结。在此笔者本着生态居住环境的设计理念,试图诠释一种崭新的现代生态生活社区,从而营造一个崇尚自然、回归自然的自由漫步式家园。 生态环境最基本的要素是“绿”和“水”,“绿色”在这里已从狭隘的色彩概念转变为环保和生态意识概念。绿色不单指色彩,而是代表一种崇尚自然、回归自然的设计理念。水者,地之血气,如筋脉之流通也。水在人与自然关系中起着特殊的协调作用。它不仅能给人带来欢愉、轻盈、柔和的感觉,而且还具有净化空气等重要的环保作用。有了“绿”与“水”的完美结合,既能取得丰富的环境效果,又能达到生态环保的目的。 3.1具体规划思路 生态建筑和自然美的充分融合是笔者设计思路的方向,体现“以人为本”和“以自然为本”的设计思想。 3.1.1对人与环境的思考 环境是人类赖以生存的基础,人的存在和生命的延续都依赖于自然环境所馈赠的给养;同时,自然环境也只有被纳入到人的生活轨迹中,才能成为人的现实生活要素。人类的建筑活动作为人类征服自然、改造自然的一种创造性劳动,毫无疑问具有明显的实用功利目的,但 与此同时我们必须要尊重生态法则,保护我们赖以生存的环境以免其