（整理版高中英语）词语短语动词.doc

词语、短语动词高考考点导向 常用动词或动词词组的辨析是历年高考的中心考项，不仅单项选择考查，完形填空、短文改错题甚至阅读理解题中也会考查。这是因为动词是构成句子的最根本成分，也是理解句意和文章意思的最重要局部。作为高中生，了解并掌握尽可能多的动词、动词词组是非常重要的。要想较好地解决单项选择中动词、动词词组的辨析问题，高生在做阅读理解题时应下一些功夫多掌握一些词组，多记一些常见词的含义及用法。把读过的短文再通读一遍，划一些应记的词和词组，不能觉得认识就可以了，而应再探究一下它们的意思。在不断地复习和一遍遍地划一划中逐步加深印象，增加知识。有些同学总觉得应多做单项选择题来解决词组的辨析问题，这样做不妥。一那么词组千千万，很难把握；二那么仅从单一的句子中进行辨析会使活的知识变死。现在的英语考试强调语篇，突出能力，重在交际，解题时同时要注意将句意的理解与生活常识联系起来，千万不可以将某个词或短语生硬地与某一汉语对等起来，这样会导致理解和区分上的困难。高考考题解析 考题11(NMET 典型例题 Let Harry play with your toys as well，Clare-you nmst learn to_. Asupport Bcare Cspare Dshare 解析此题考查动词的词义辨析。题中support意为“支持，养活；care意为“关心，留神；spare“抽出(时间)；share“分享。 答案D 考题2(典型例题) It's agood ideaBut who's going to_the plan? I think Tom and Grey will Aset aside Bcarryout Ctake in Dget through 解析carryoutaplan表示“实施某个方案。 答案B 考题3(典型例题) An awful accident，however，_occur theother day Adoes Bdid Chas to Dhad to 解析do放在动词之前，强调动词；theotherday“几天前，表示过去。 答案B 考题4(NMET 典型例题 As we joined the big crowd I got_from my friends Aseparated B.spared Clost Dmissed 解析本句句意为：到了人群中，我和朋友被冲散了。根据后面出现的from，联想到词组separatefrom；be/get separated from；意思为“跟分开。spare意思为“为抽出(时间)，与句意不符；miss意思为“错过，通常不采用be/get missed这种结构。 答案A 考题5(NMET 典型例题 We didn't plan our art exhibition like that but it_very well Aworked out Btriedout Cwent on DcarriedOn 解析此题中四个动词的意思分别为： work out(v+adv)，常见意思有：制定，想出，算出，弄懂等，但此句中的意思为：结果，结局，进行tryout意思为：试用，试试，试验。go on意思为：继续。carry on意思为：坚持下去或继续开展。本考题中设空前的it指代前半句中的ourart exhibition， but的转折语气说明它“结果(结局)很好。 答案A 考题6(典型例题) Would you slow down a bit，please?I can't_you Akeep up with Bput up with Cmake up with Dhold on to 解析keep up with sb表示“与某人保持同步；不落后于别人，catch up with sb表示“追上某人(暗指已落后于别人)。put up with意思为“忍受；hold on to“抓住，坚持，与题意不符。make up with无此搭配。 答案A 考题7(典型例题) Why haven't you bought any butter? I_to but I forgot about it A1iked Bwished Cmeant Dexpected 解析meant to do sth表示“本来打算干某事(而事实上没干成)。其他三项没此含意。 答案C 考题8(典型例题) Have a good rest，you need to_your energy for the tennis match this afternoon A1eave BSave Chold Dget 解析经过休息才能恢复体力。这句话的意思为“好好休息吧，你需要为今天下午的乒乓球赛储存精力。save energy表示“积蓄能量。 答案B 考题9(NMET典型例题 The taxi driver often reminds passengers to_their belongings when they leave the car Akeep Bcatch Chold Dtake 解析此题考查的是动词的用法。根据所给出句意：出租车驾驶员经常提醒乘客在下车时把他们的物品_。keep意思为“保存、保存(continue to have sth)；hold意思为“拿住、抓住、支撑；take意思为“带走(carry sthfrom place to another)。take在此处意思最为恰当。 答案D 考题10(NlVlET 典型例题 We thought of selling this old furniture，but weve decided to_itIt might be valuable Ahold on to Bkeep up with Cturn to D1ook after解析此题考查的是常用短语动词的辨析。从句法功能看，四个词组均可以，但词义不同。hold on to意思为“抓住(不放)，抓牢，不放掉(不卖掉)。keep up with意思为“跟上，不落后，了解(最新的开展等)。turn to意思为“查阅，求助于，转向等。look after意思为“照看，照管，负责处理。本考题根据句意： “我们考虑过卖了这旧家具，但我们已决定不卖了，它也许很有价值。hold on to用在此处最贴切。答案A 考题11(典型例题) Smoking is bad for your health YesI knowBut I simply can't_. Agive it up Bgive it in Cgive it out Dgive it away 解析give up意思为“放弃，此处表示“戒烟。give in表示“屈服；give out表示“发出，分发等；giveaway表示“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露，出卖等。 答案A 考题12(典型例题) It is so nice to hear from her._，we last met more than thirty years ago AWhat's more B That is to say C In other words D Believe it or not 解析Believe it ornot是一种口语常用的表达方式，意思是“信不信由你。由于距两人最后一次见面已有三十多年了，为了让对方相信这是事实，用了这种表达方式。What's more的意思是“另外；还有；That is to say的意思为“那就是说； In other words的意思为“换句话说。 答案D 考题13(典型例题) When shall we start? Let's_it 8：30Is that all right? Aset Bmeet Cmake Dtake 懈析 “make it+时间的意思是“就定为时间吧。setv (aclock)常指“根据对钟，调整时间。 答案C 考题14(典型例题) Becareful when you cross this very busy streetIf not，you may_run over by a Car. Ahave Bget Cbecome Dturn 解析run over是及物动词短语，意思是“碾过。get后接过去分词表示被动。此题意思为：“穿过这条繁忙的马路时一定要小心。否那么你就会被汽车压着。 答案B 考题15(典型例题) His mother had thought it would be good for his character to_from home and earn some money on his own Arun away Btake away Ckeep away Dget away 解析getawayfromhome的意思是“离开家。此题题意是“他母亲原本认为他离开家自己赚钱对锻炼他的性格有好处。 答案D 考题16(典型例题) Mummy，can I put the peaches in the cupboard? No，dearThey don't wellPut them in the fridge instead Akeep Bfit Cget Dlast 解析根据句中两个代表地点的名词cupboard和fridge可以看出，是要把peaches保存好，keep在此处为不及物动词，表示peaches的特性“不易存放。fit意思为“安装；get意思为“得到，获得；last意思为“持续，后接表示时间的名词。 答案A 考题17(NMET 典型例题 If anybody calls，tell them I'm out，and ask them to_their name and address Apass Bwrite Ctake Dleave 解析此题考查动词。语法环境是一个普通的简单句。语言环境是“交代别人留下 留言本。此题是一个单纯的词义辨析题，根据四个单词的最根本含义及句子的意思，取leave“留下之意。 答案D 考题18(NMET 典型例题 News reports say peace talk between the two countries_with no agreement reached Ahave broken down Bhave broken out Chave broken in Dhave broken up 解析此题考查动词词组。语法环境是一个含宾语从句的主从复合句。语言环境是一条政治性的新闻报道。该题是一道词组辨析题。break down是“失败、中止、停顿；break out是“爆发；break in是“闯入；break up是“破碎、分解。根据句意：“两国的和平谈判无果而终。因此应该选A项。现在完成时态不影响该题。 答案A 考题19(典型例题春招) The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to_. Amake il out Bmake it off Cmake it up Dmake it over 解析make out“书写，填写，拼凑，进展，说明，设法应付，理解，识别出，了解； make off“离开， (尤指做了错事后)匆忙离开，逃走；make up“弥补、虚构、缝制、整理、包装、和解、编辑、化装、补足、拼凑；make over“(尤指以法律形式)转让、(所有权)移交、改造、修改、移转。 答案A 考题20(典型例题春招) Papermaking began in China and from here it_to North Africa and Europe Aspread Bgrew Ccarried Ddeveloped 解析spread“传播；grow“成长；carry“传送，传输；develop“开展。本句句意为“造纸术是在中国先出现的，后来传到北非和欧洲。 答案A 考题21(典型例题春招) He_some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris Amadeout Bpicked up Cgave up Dtook in 解析pick叩含义较多，常见的有“掘地、捡起、获得、(偶尔)学会、跌倒后爬起、重整旗鼓、加快、看到、顺便地认识、加速、搭车等，此句中意思为“学会(法语)。take in“了解、吸收。 答案B 考题22(典型例题) Don't mention that at the beginning of the story，or it may_the shocking ending Agive away Bgive out Cgive up Dgive off 解析give away“送掉、分发、放弃、泄露、出卖、让步、陷下，本句中指“泄露出人意料的结局；give out“分发，发出(光、热等)，发表，用尽，精疲力竭；give up“放弃(念头、希望等)、停止、抛弃、认输，把送交；giveoff“发出(蒸汽、光、气味)， 长出(枝、杈等)。 答案A 考题23(典型例题) Some passengers complain that it usually_so long to fill in travel insurance documents Acosts Btakes Cspends Dspares 解析此题属于 It takes (sb)some time to do sth句型；cost通常指花费金钱；spend只能人作主语；spare指“(人)抽出时间。 答案B 考题24(典型例题) Tony is_the guidebook looking for information about Japan，where he will travel soon Atracing Bskipping Cinspecting Dscanning 解析scan“浏览；trace“追踪；skip“略过；inspect“检查。 答案D 考题25(典型例题) Her talent and experience_her to the respect of her colleagues Apermitted Bqualified Cdeserved Dentitled 解析entitle“给予资格，常与to连用；permit“允许；qualify“赋与(某人)资格，常与for或as连用；deserve“值得。 答案D 考题26(典型例题) The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather_the helplessness of the crew at sea Aadded to Bresulted from Cturned out Dmade up 解析add to“增加；result from“因而起；turn out“结果是，生产，关掉；make up“组成，编造，化装。 答案A 考题27(NMET典型例题 The evening news comes on at seven o'clock and_only thirty minutes Akeeps Bcontinues Cfinishes Dlasts 解析此题检测动词用法。“keep表示“保持、维持；“continue'表示“继续；“finish表示“完成；“last表示“持续。这里指新闻“持续了半个小时。 答案D 考题28(NIVlET典型例题 The forest guards often find campfires that have not been_completely Aturned down Bput out Cput away Dtumed over 解析此题检测动词词组用法。turn down表“拒绝；调低；put out表“扑灭；put away表“收拾；整理；turn over表“翻身。put out与campfires相吻合。 答案B 考题29(典型例题春季) Words_me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the burning house Afailed B1eft Cdiscouraged Ddisappointed 解析fail vt使失望；辜负。“我想感谢他从失火的房中救出我的儿子，可是不知道说什么。 答案A 考题30(典型例题春季) It was foolish of him to_his notes during that important test， and as a result， he got punished Astick to Brefer to C. keep to Dpoint to 解析refer to参考，查看。考试的时候翻看笔记，他太傻了。结果，挨罚了。 答案B 考题31)(典型例题春季) The three sisters decided to hold a family party to_their parents'silver wedding. Acelebrate B.memorize C.congratulate Dwelcome 解析celebrate vt庆祝；庆贺。“姐妹三人决定举行一个家庭晚会庆祝父母的银婚纪念。 答案A 考题32(典型例题春季) joe Jones，the eighth of theeight children，had to_out of high school at the age of 16 to help his father on the farm A.leave B.drop Cfall Dgo 解析drop out of school辍学 答案B 考题33(NMET 典型例题) Its ten years since the scientist_on his life's work of discovering the valuable chemical Amade for Bset out Ctook off Dturned up 解析setout“着手，开始，符合题意，其他：make for“前往；有助于造成；take off“脱；起飞；turn up“出现，调高均不合题意。答案B高考仿真训练 1. A deaf-and-dumb (聋哑) man_some nails, so he entered a store, put two fin- gers together on the counter and made hammering movements with the other hand. A. bought B. tested C. found D. needed 2. My mother always tells me not to forget to_my umbrella when I leave for work. A. keep B. catch C. bring D. take 3. I'm in a hurry. I'll_it to you to lock the door. A. give B. get C. lead D. leave 4. He_his mother he was leaving for America, but he didn't_when he was leaving. A. told; say B. talked; speak C. spoke to; tell D. told; talk 5. We_this recorder for five hundred yuan. A. spent B. cost C. bought D. paid 6. I learned to_a bicycle as a small boy. A. ride B. run C. operate D. drive 7. She_much younger than she really is. A. appears B. becomes C. turns D. grows 8. Who can_me a ball-pen_? A. save; to write B. borrow; to be written C. spare; to write with D. spend; writing with 9. I can hardly believe my eyes. What a poor composition you have_There are so many wrong spellings in it. A. turned into B. turned off C. turned to D. turned in 10. We meant to finish the work by dark, but we were so tired that we could not_. A. hold on B. last on C. carry out D. keep to