2011年高考一轮复习(新人教版英语)知识点梳理课件：选修10_Unit_4-5.ppt

Units 4Units 45 5基础落实基础落实.高频单词思忆高频单词思忆1.The radio says a cold front is coming,1.The radio says a cold front is coming, with strong winds from the northwest.The with strong winds from the northwest.The highest temperature during the day will highest temperature during the day will be two degreesbe two degrees ( (摄氏温度的摄氏温度的).).2.The baby is too small to2.The baby is too small to ( (消化消化) ) meat. meat. centigradecentigrade digestdigest3.Having no children of their own,they3.Having no children of their own,they decided to decided to ( (收养收养) an orphan.) an orphan.4.She 4.She ( (像像) her sister in ) her sister in appearance but not in character.appearance but not in character.5.The value of this property was _5.The value of this property was _ ( (评估评估) at one million dollars.) at one million dollars.6.There are 6.There are ( (货币货币) restrictions on ) restrictions on the sums allowed for foreign travel.the sums allowed for foreign travel.7.The only way that they can preserve their 7.The only way that they can preserve their history is to history is to ( (叙述叙述) it as legends ) it as legends handed down from one generation of handed down from one generation of storytellers to another.storytellers to another.adoptadoptresemblesresemblesassessedassessedcurrencycurrencyrecountrecount8.They accused him of having 8.They accused him of having ( (偏偏见见) against his women employees.) against his women employees.9.I 9.I ( (欣喜欣喜) to hear of your ) to hear of your promotion last month.promotion last month.10.We had to overcome all kinds of 10.We had to overcome all kinds of ( (障碍障碍) and difficulties.) and difficulties.11.His pretended friendship was part of the 11.His pretended friendship was part of the ( (欺骗欺骗).).12.If your rates meet with our 12.If your rates meet with our ( (认认可可) )，we will sign a contract with your we will sign a contract with your pany.prejudiceprejudicerejoicedrejoicedobstaclesobstaclesdeceptiondeceptionapprovalapproval13.At that low price the house is a 13.At that low price the house is a b b . .14.Do you give any 14.Do you give any ( (打折打折) )？15.The new machine works more e15.The new machine works more ethan the old one.than the old one.argainargaindiscountdiscountfficientlyfficiently.重点短语再现重点短语再现1.1. 竭尽全竭尽全力做某事力做某事2.2. 对对评价不高评价不高3.3. 违心地违心地4.4. 最后；详细地最后；详细地5.5. 徒劳徒劳6.6. 立起身来立起身来7.7. 杰出杰出8.8. 用用的名字的名字9.9. 有效的；在实施中有效的；在实施中10.10. 顺利应付；克服；传播出去顺利应付；克服；传播出去do everything in ones power to.do everything in ones power to.think ill ofthink ill ofagainst ones willagainst ones willat lengthat lengthin vainin vainpull oneself uppull oneself upstand outstand outunder the name of.under the name of.in forcein forceget roundget round11.11. 易于；往往会易于；往往会12.12. 取决于取决于13.13. 详细地详细地14.14. 看穿；识破看穿；识破15.15. 立即，马上立即，马上tend totend toup to.up to.in detailin detailsee throughsee throughstraight awaystraight away.典型句式运用典型句式运用1.Suppose you were on holiday and you had a 1.Suppose you were on holiday and you had a really good novel that you had been really good novel that you had been looking forward to reading.looking forward to reading.假设你在度假，假设你在度假，你手里有本你一直盼望一读的好小说。你手里有本你一直盼望一读的好小说。 supposesuppose（或（或supposingsupposing）引导的从句）引导的从句相当于由相当于由_引导的条件句。如果是不可实现的引导的条件句。如果是不可实现的条件和情况，从句的谓语动词要用条件和情况，从句的谓语动词要用 语气；语气；supposesuppose还可用来构成祈使句表达还可用来构成祈使句表达 ，其后接祈使语气的从句。其后接祈使语气的从句。be supposed tobe supposed to是个是个惯用语，意为惯用语，意为“ ”。考点提炼考点提炼虚拟虚拟建议或提议建议或提议被期望，应该被期望，应该ifif2.Do you read the newspaper in the same way 2.Do you read the newspaper in the same way as you read a novel?as you read a novel?你读报纸像读小说一样你读报纸像读小说一样吗？吗？ (1)the same as(1)the same as中的中的asas可以被认为可以被认为是是 代词，引导代词，引导 从句。从句。asas在从句中可在从句中可以作主语、宾语和表语。以作主语、宾语和表语。 (2)the same.that(2)the same.that表示表示“和和一样一样”时，时，指同一人或物。指同一人或物。the same.asthe same.as则指和前面的名词为同一类别，则指和前面的名词为同一类别，但不是同样的东西。但不是同样的东西。考点提炼考点提炼定语定语关系关系3.At this time the only respectable career 3.At this time the only respectable career for a woman was to marry,sofor a woman was to marry,so the dilemma the dilemma of her heroines was also to marry but of her heroines was also to marry but for love.for love.那时，女性唯一受到尊重的事业就是那时，女性唯一受到尊重的事业就是嫁人，所以她作品中的女主人公也为无爱情的嫁人，所以她作品中的女主人公也为无爱情的婚姻所困扰。婚姻所困扰。 句中句中 是不定式作表语，不定是不定式作表语，不定式作表语多用来表示具体的行为，特别是式作表语多用来表示具体的行为，特别是 的行为。的行为。考点提炼考点提炼to marryto marry将来将来 导练互动导练互动重点单词重点单词1.inspect1.inspectAfter I had _ the wall closest to After I had _ the wall closest to the bungalow I carefully descended,mythe bungalow I carefully descended,my lucky chain dangling round my neck.lucky chain dangling round my neck.（回归（回归课本课本P P4545）观察思考观察思考The customs official inspected my The customs official inspected my passport suspiciously.passport suspiciously.海关官员颇为怀疑地检查了我的护照。海关官员颇为怀疑地检查了我的护照。On inspection the notes proved to be On inspection the notes proved to be forgeries.forgeries.经检查，发现钞票是伪造的。经检查，发现钞票是伪造的。inspectedinspected归纳总结归纳总结inspect inspect vt vt. . 。inspect sthinspect sth. .检查某物检查某物inspect a school/factoryinspect a school/factory视察学校视察学校/ /工厂工厂inspect sb./sth. for sthinspect sb./sth. for sth. .检查；审视检查；审视inspection inspection n n. .检查，视察检查，视察inspector inspector n n. .检查员；督学，巡官（警察）检查员；督学，巡官（警察）检查；视察检查；视察易混辨异易混辨异examine,inspect,investigateexamine,inspect,investigate三者都有三者都有“调查，检查调查，检查”之意。之意。(1)examine(1)examine可指粗略地查看，也可指仔细观察或可指粗略地查看，也可指仔细观察或调查以确认事物的性质、功能、特点等。调查以确认事物的性质、功能、特点等。(2)inspect(2)inspect侧重按一定质量标准检查某物，找出侧重按一定质量标准检查某物，找出不足或不同之处。不足或不同之处。(3)investigate(3)investigate指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况而进行深入细致的现场考察。况而进行深入细致的现场考察。即学即用即学即用（1 1）将军视察了他的部队。）将军视察了他的部队。（2 2）警察查看了那个箱子以寻找指纹。）警察查看了那个箱子以寻找指纹。 The general inspected his troops.The general inspected his troops.The police inspected the box forThe police inspected the box forfingerprints.fingerprints.2.propose2.proposeWhen she meets him a second time at his When she meets him a second time at his aunts house,sheaunts house,she is astonished when he is astonished when he marriage to her.marriage to her.（回归课本（回归课本P P4747）观察思考观察思考He proposed that we should go for a walk.He proposed that we should go for a walk.他提议我们去散步。他提议我们去散步。I propose an early start/to make an early I propose an early start/to make an early start/making an early start tomorrow.start/making an early start tomorrow.我打算明天早点出发。我打算明天早点出发。He was afraid that if he proposed she He was afraid that if he proposed she might refuse.might refuse.他担心他若求婚，她会拒绝。他担心他若求婚，她会拒绝。proposesproposes归纳总结归纳总结propose propose 。proposepropose作作“ ”讲时，后接的宾语从句讲时，后接的宾语从句用用“should+should+动词原形动词原形”。proposer proposer n n. .提议人，建议人提议人，建议人proposal proposal n n. .提议，建议；求婚提议，建议；求婚propose (marriage) to sb.propose (marriage) to sb.向某人求婚向某人求婚v v. .提议；打算；求婚提议；打算；求婚提议，建议提议，建议即学即用即学即用(1)The committee proposed that (1)The committee proposed that _( _(着手起草新着手起草新 法规法规).).(2)He was trying to decide (2)He was trying to decide _( _(是否该向她求婚是否该向她求婚).).a newa newregulation should be draftedregulation should be draftedwhether hewhether heshould propose to hershould propose to her3.discount3.discountAt first,in spite of disliking him,sheAt first,in spite of disliking him,she didnt didnt his affection,. his affection,.（回归（回归课本课本P P4747）观察思考观察思考We give a 15% discount for cash.We give a 15% discount for cash.现金付款，我们予以八五折优惠。现金付款，我们予以八五折优惠。You discounted my advice.YouYou discounted my advice.You might have might have succeeded otherwise.succeeded otherwise. 你忽视了我的忠告，否则你会成功的。你忽视了我的忠告，否则你会成功的。 discountdiscount归纳总结归纳总结discount discount n n. . ；vt vt. . 。a 10% discounta 10% discount打九折打九折at a discountat a discount打折扣；不时兴的打折扣；不时兴的discount shop/storediscount shop/store廉价商店廉价商店 discount sthdiscount sth. . discount wh discount wh-clause-clausediscounted prices/faresdiscounted prices/fares打折价打折价/ /票价票价打折，折扣打折，折扣不重视，不理会不重视，不理会不重视不重视/ /不理会某事物不理会某事物即学即用即学即用（1 1）他们销售的所有商品都打折。）他们销售的所有商品都打折。（2 2）我们不能低估再次发生罢工的可能性。）我们不能低估再次发生罢工的可能性。 They were selling everything at a They were selling everything at a discount.discount.We cannot discount the possibility ofWe cannot discount the possibility offurther strikes.further strikes.4.decline4.declineAt first,in spite of disliking him,she At first,in spite of disliking him,she didnt discount his affection,anddidnt discount his affection,and was was sensitive to the pain she was going to sensitive to the pain she was going to cause him when she cause him when she his offer of his offer of marriage.marriage.（回归课本（回归课本P P4747）观察思考观察思考They asked me to their party,butThey asked me to their party,but I I declined the invitation.declined the invitation.他们邀请我参加宴会，但是我婉言谢绝了。他们邀请我参加宴会，但是我婉言谢绝了。Support for the Party continues to Support for the Party continues to decline.decline.declineddeclined对该党的支持率继续下降。对该党的支持率继续下降。The town fell into a decline after the mine The town fell into a decline after the mine closed.closed.这个镇在矿井关闭后开始衰落。这个镇在矿井关闭后开始衰落。An increase in cars has resulted in the decline An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.of public transport.汽车的增加导致了公共交通工具的减少。汽车的增加导致了公共交通工具的减少。归纳总结归纳总结decline decline v v. . ；n n. . 。decline an offerdecline an offer拒绝请求拒绝请求decline an invitationdecline an invitation谢绝邀请谢绝邀请decline to answer a questiondecline to answer a question拒绝回答问题拒绝回答问题拒绝；下降；减少拒绝；下降；减少衰弱；削减衰弱；削减fall/sink into a declinefall/sink into a decline开始衰落，衰弱下去；开始衰落，衰弱下去；体力衰退（尤指因患肺病而衰弱）体力衰退（尤指因患肺病而衰弱）on the declineon the decline走下坡路；在衰退中走下坡路；在衰退中the decline of lifethe decline of life晚年，暮年晚年，暮年易混辨异易混辨异decline,refuse,rejectdecline,refuse,reject三个词都有三个词都有“拒绝拒绝”的意思。的意思。（1 1）declinedecline指指“较正式地、有礼貌地谢绝较正式地、有礼貌地谢绝”。He declined the nomination.He declined the nomination.他谢绝了提名。他谢绝了提名。（2 2）refuserefuse普通用语，指普通用语，指“坚决、果断或坦率地坚决、果断或坦率地拒绝拒绝”。He refused to take the money.He refused to take the money.他拒绝接受此款。他拒绝接受此款。（3 3）rejectreject指指“以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒绝绝”。They rejected damaged goods.They rejected damaged goods.他们拒收损坏的货物。他们拒收损坏的货物。即学即用即学即用（1 1）市场行情下跌。）市场行情下跌。 Market Market . .（2 2）很抱歉，我不得不辞谢。）很抱歉，我不得不辞谢。 Regretfully,Regretfully, . .（3 3）会员价减少到了）会员价减少到了3 000 3 000 元。元。 Membership Membership three thousand three thousand yuanyuan. .I must declineI must declineexpects to declineexpects to declinedecline todecline to5.up to5.up toThere are certain techniques you can There are certain techniques you can learn and then it is learn and then it is you to you to practise,practise and practisepractise,practise and practise.(.(回归课本回归课本P P3232) )观察思考观察思考Its up to you to decide whether we will Its up to you to decide whether we will visit the Great Wall or not.visit the Great Wall or not. 由你来决定我们是否去游览长城。由你来决定我们是否去游览长城。Its not up to you to tell me how to do Its not up to you to tell me how to do my job.my job.还轮不到你来告诉我怎么做我的事。还轮不到你来告诉我怎么做我的事。up toup to归纳总结归纳总结up toup to意为：意为： 。up to dateup to date最新式的最新式的up to now/thenup to now/then直到现在直到现在/ /那时那时not be up to muchnot be up to much质量差；不很好；值不了多少质量差；不很好；值不了多少up to sthup to sth. .达到（某数量、程度等）；至多有达到（某数量、程度等）；至多有up to doing sthup to doing sth. .（体力或智力上）能胜任（体力或智力上）能胜任即学即用即学即用（1 1）Shall we eat out or stay in?Shall we eat out or stay in? _( _(由你来决定由你来决定).).（2 2） ( (由你选择由你选择) ) where we should go. where we should go.取决于；由取决于；由决定决定Its up to youIts up to youIts up to you to chooseIts up to you to choose重点短语与句型重点短语与句型6.relate to6.relate toThink about what you are listening to and Think about what you are listening to and how the information how the information what you what you already know.already know.（回归课本（回归课本P P4040）观察思考观察思考She related to them how it happened.She related to them how it happened.她给他们讲那事发生的经过。她给他们讲那事发生的经过。Were only interested in the events that Were only interested in the events that relate directly to the murder.relate directly to the murder.我们只对与谋杀案直接相关的事情感兴趣。我们只对与谋杀案直接相关的事情感兴趣。We shall discuss the problem as it We shall discuss the problem as it relates to our specific case.relates to our specific case.我们应针对我们的具体情况来讨论这个问题。我们应针对我们的具体情况来讨论这个问题。relates torelates to归纳总结归纳总结relate torelate to意为：意为： 。related related adj.adj.有联系的；有亲戚关系的有联系的；有亲戚关系的closely relatedclosely related紧密相关的紧密相关的directly relateddirectly related有直接关系的有直接关系的relation relation n. n.关系，联系；亲戚，亲属；交往；事务关系，联系；亲戚，亲属；交往；事务注意注意 表示表示“关系，联系关系，联系”时用单数形式；表示时用单数形式；表示“交往；事务交往；事务”时用复数形式。时用复数形式。have relations with sb.have relations with sb.与某人有交往与某人有交往have relation to sthhave relation to sth. .同某事有关同某事有关in relation toin relation to与与相比较；与相比较；与有关有关讲述；与讲述；与有关；涉及，谈到有关；涉及，谈到I have nothing further to say in relation I have nothing further to say in relation to this matter.to this matter.关于这件事，我没有更多好说的。关于这件事，我没有更多好说的。即学即用即学即用（1 1）以后，工资的增加将和业绩挂钩。）以后，工资的增加将和业绩挂钩。 In the future,payIn the future,pay increases _ increases _ _ productivity. _ productivity.（2 2）这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。）这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。 Much of the crime in this area Much of the crime in this area _ drug abuse. _ drug abuse.（3 3）第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。）第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。 The second paragraph The second paragraph the the situation in Scotland. situation in Scotland.will bewill be related torelated tois related tois related torelates torelates to7.under the name of7.under the name ofThe three Bronte sisters adopting this The three Bronte sisters adopting this practice,Marypractice,Mary Ann Evans did the same and Ann Evans did the same and wrote wrote George Eliot.George Eliot.（回归（回归课本课本P P4242）观察思考观察思考Her poems first appeared in 1749,under the Her poems first appeared in 1749,under the name of “Sylvia”.name of “Sylvia”.她的诗最初以她的诗最初以“西尔维亚西尔维亚”的名字发表于的名字发表于17491749年。年。Did he publish the novel under his own Did he publish the novel under his own name,orname,or under a penname? under a penname?他是以自己的名字还是以笔名出版了那部小说？他是以自己的名字还是以笔名出版了那部小说？under the name ofunder the name of.归纳总结归纳总结under the name ofunder the name of意为：意为： 。by nameby name名叫，用名字名叫，用名字by the name ofby the name of名叫名叫的的name aftername after以以命名命名in namein name名义上的，有名无实的名义上的，有名无实的in the name ofin the name of以以的名义的名义with the namewith the name名叫名叫即学即用即学即用（1 1）He writes He writes ( (以以的的 名字名字) Nimrod.) Nimrod.（2 2）They said they came _They said they came _ _( _(以和平的名义以和平的名义).).以以的名义的名义under the name ofunder the name ofin the name ofin the name ofpeacepeace8.stand out8.stand outAmong them Charles Dickens (1812Among them Charles Dickens (18121870) 1870) as a literary critic of the as a literary critic of the injustices of his society.injustices of his society.（回归课本（回归课本P P4242）观察思考观察思考That hat stand out because of its strange That hat stand out because of its strange shape.shape.那顶帽子因造型奇特而引人注目。那顶帽子因造型奇特而引人注目。The country is to stand out a crisis.The country is to stand out a crisis.这个国家正打算抗过一场危机。这个国家正打算抗过一场危机。stands outstands out归纳总结归纳总结stand out (from/against sthstand out (from/against sth.) .) 。stand out from sb./sthstand out from sb./sth. .远远超过某人远远超过某人/ /某事某事stand out against sthstand out against sth. .坚持抵抗坚持抵抗stand out for sthstand out for sth. .拖延以期达到目的拖延以期达到目的即学即用即学即用(1)The diamond _(1)The diamond _ ( (在在的映衬下很显眼的映衬下很显眼) a dark background.) a dark background.(2)They were all attractive,but(2)They were all attractive,but she _ she _ _( _(比其他人更有魅力比其他人更有魅力).).(3)More and more people are _(3)More and more people are _ _( _(反对他的建议反对他的建议).).显眼，突出显眼，突出stands out well against/fromstands out well against/fromstoodstoodout from the othersout from the othersstanding outstanding outagainst