精品-高中英语语法通霸-定语从句语法常考点专项总结归纳讲解与高考真题详细分类练习题及答案汇编.docx

精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精品文档第七章定语从句相关概念可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结主句、从句、关系词例 句 ： This is the boy who won the first prize in the English Speech Competition.主句 ：在含有定语从句的复合句中，除去定语从句后的部分，是句子的主句。例句中，This is the boy.是主句。 定语从句： 相当于形容词， 修饰主句中的一个名词或代词（有时修饰整个主句，相当于主句的一个定 语。） 例句中， who wonthe firstprize in the English Speech Competition 是定语从句， 修饰 theboy。先行词： 先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词等， 它总是显现在定语从句的前面。 例句中， the boy 是先行词。 关系词： 关系词指用来引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 例句中， who 是关系代词。 关系词的三个作用作定语从句的一个句子成分。起着连接主句和从句的作用（参看P. 错误 .未定义书签。错误 .未找到引用源。）。代指被修饰的先行词。（例句中，who作定语从句的主语，同时起着连接作用，在意思上，指代的是前面的先行词the boy。）关系代词指人时可以用who,也可用 that。Do you know the boywho/that is my desk mate.The man who/thatwas killedin the accident is Toms uncle.指物时可以用which,也可用 that。I like visiting placeswhich/thatare not far away.Howdo you likethe filmwhich/tha t was shown last Sunday.whose 可以指人也可以指物。He was a painter whose pictures were not well- known in his life time.The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year.关系代词作宾语时可以省略。I like the meal that/which / we had last night.Doyouknowthe boy who/whom/that/ we talked about just now.注：（）表示关系代词省略关系副词关系副词在从句中只能作状语。when 指时间，where 指的点， why 指缘由， how 不能作关系词。 如：Wewillputoffthe picnicuntilnext week when the weather may be better.He has reached the point where a change is needed. That is no reason why you should leave.This is the way how I did it. how不能作关系词 基础过关1. 用合适的关系词完成句子。The man / was here yesterday is a painter.Theman/I saw is called Smith.A child parents are dead is called an orphan.I d like a room window looks out over the sea.A letter / is written in pencil is hard to read.Theletter/I received fromhim yesterday is very important.That is the boy/you are looking for.Doyouknowthe reasonhe waslate forthe meeting ？This is the school I used to study.I still remember the day we met for the first time.2. 用符号标出以下句子的主句、定语从句、先行词和关系词。主句：定语从句 :（）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档先行词：先行词关系词：例： This is the book that I have been looking for. The movie that we saw last night is very exciting.Have you bought the book which we talked about ？I stillremember the day whichwe spent together last week.He still lives in the house whose windows face south.The boy whose father is a policeman speaks English mostfluently in our class.The girl who you met was John s sister.There is no reason why we shouldn t be friends.They arrived in the early morning when the sky was still dark.The days were gone when we had to travel on horses. Is this the hospital where you were born.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结关系词的挑选可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结选用哪个关系词，关键是看关系词在定语从句 中作什么成分含有定语从句的复合句可以分为两部分：主句和从句。关系词是定语从句的一个成分。选用关系词， 要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分， 而不是看先行词是什么词性。He worked in the factorywhich produces TV sets.He worked in the factorywhere his father had worked. I like the school which is near to my home.I like the school where my sister studies.仍：依据先行词提示的意思，大胆的把定语从句仍原答疑 qq 329950885 为完整的一句话。 （可以添词）替换：用关系词替换定语从句中仍原后添加的部分，作主语和宾语用关系代词，作状语用关系副词。 （时间状语用 when，的点状语用 where, 缘由状语用 why ）（ 同中学时做的 “对画线部分提问 ”相像，该用 what 的时候用 which/that 即可）例如：This is the school I once studied.This is the school is the most famous in the city.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结在句 1 和句 2 中，先行词前都有in,但关系词有用which 也有用 where 的。Iam studyingat a school English.找：（略）myfather teaches可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结在句 3 和句 4 中，先行词都是the school, 但关系词有用 which 也有用 where 的。因此，我们可以看出，对关系词起打算性作用的并不是先行词。在句 1 和句 3 中， 关系词在定语从句中都是作主语， 因此用的都是关系代词which 。在句 2 和句 4 中， 关系词在定语从句中都是作状语， 因此都是用关系副词where。我们可以看出，用哪个关系词，主 要看关系词在定语从句中 作什么成分 。选用关系词的方法：一“找”二“仍”三“替换 ”找：就是找出主句、从句、先行词和关系词。（参看本章第 1 讲）仍原：依据先行词的提示，这三句话的定语从句仍原成完整的一句话后分别为：I once studied at the school .The school is the most famous in the city. My father teaches English at the school .粗斜体部分为依据先行词的意思把关系词仍原后的部分。替换：依据 “对画线部分提问 ”的规章， 1.和 3.用where, 2.本该用 what, 在定语从句中该用 what 的要换为 which/that 。因此，答案为：1.where。 2. that/which 。 3. where关系词一般要位于定语从句的句首【2021 江西】 The house I grew uphas been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in it B. inC. in that D. in which可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档答案与分析： A 没有关系词， 不能连接两句话。 C 介词后不能用 that。D 关系词一般不位于句末。 而 B 可以看作是关系代词作宾语、 放在句首并且省略了。 因此选 B。利用一 “找”二“仍”三 “替换 ”的方法挑选关系词Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whyIs this the reason he was so careless in his work.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whyThe reason he didnwtacsom e he was ill.A. why; thatB. that; whyC. for that; thatD. for which; whatHe lives in a village is not far from the city.A. which B. whereC. whatD. whoseHe lives in the village he was born.I ll never forget the days we studied together.A. thatB. /C. whenD. A and B I ll never forget the days we spent together.A. thatB. /C. whenD. A and BIf we want to have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways do not do harm to other living things.A. in whichB. /C. howD. thatIs this the factory color TV sets are produced.A. whenB. the one whereC. thatD. in whichIs this factory color TV sets are produced.A. whichB. the one whereC. thatD. in whichThis is the factory produces color TV sets.A. whereB. the one whereC. thatD. in which【 2021 天津】 Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. whichB. where You should try the barber s I go. It s only可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结C. whatD. whoseIn an hour, we travel to places could have taken our ancestors days to reach.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. whatIn an hour, we travel to places we can relax andA. asB. whichC. whereD. that【 2021 陕西】 I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. whereC. whoD. that【 2021 福建】 She has a gift for creating an atmos- phere可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结get refreshed.A. whereB. whenforher students freely with each other.allowsthem to communicate可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结C. whichD. whatThe pla ce interested me most was the Children Palace.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in whichThe place he had a good time last Sunday was the Children s Palace.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in whereA. which B. whereC. whatD. who【 2021江s西】By 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.A. which B. whenC. whatD. that【 2021 山东】 Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whom可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结只能用 that 不能用 which 的情形可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结先行词是anything, something, nothing, everything等不定代词时关系代词一般只用that，不用 which 。I. He never reads anything is not worth reading.A. whichB. asC. whoD. thatII. Is there anything to you.A. that is belongedB. that belongsC. that belongD. which belongsIII. 【2021 全国 2】I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else s fault.A. whoB. thatC. asD. what先行词是all, much ，little, none或先行词被all, much, little, no, any修饰时关系词只能用that, 不能用 which 。All the people that are present burst into tears.IV. These peopleoncehad fameandfortune;now is left to them is utter poverty.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档A. all thatB. all whatC. all whichD. that allV. There is not much can be done.A. thatB. whichXIV. I likethe second footballmatch held last week.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. /was可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结C. whatD. howVI. 【2021 浙江】 that s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.A. OneB. AllC. EverythingD. AnythingXV. This is the last time I shall come here to help you.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. whatXVI. It s the third time late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrived可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结VII. Thereisnodifficulty overcome in the world.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whatcan tbeC. that you ve arriveDd. when you ve arrived先行词有两个， 一个指人， 一个指物， 关系代词用that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结VIII. All the apples fell down were eaten by the pigs.A. thatB. thoseC. whichD. whatIX. You can take any seat is free.A. thatB. /C. whichD. it先行词被最高级、序数词以及thefirst,the last,the very, the only, the same修饰时被这类词修饰时，关系代词常用that，不用which 。XVII. We retalkingabout the piano and the pianist were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. thatXVIII. Both the girl and her dog were crossing the street were hit by a coming car.A. whichB. whoC. theyD. thatXIX. All the passengers and suitcaseswere still waiting on the broken down bus had to be transferred to another long distance bus.A. theyB. whoC. whichD. thatXX. He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结X. The most importantthingwe shouldpay可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结attention to is the first thing I have said.A. which; thatB. that; whichC. which; whichD. that; thatXI. My watch is not the only thing is missing.A. thatB. itC. whichD. whoXII. The TV play I watched last night is the best one I have watched this year.A. whichB. whatC. whoseD. thatXIII. This is the very film I vleong wished to see.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom留意：关系副词不受这些规章的影响只是 答疑qq 329950885 在选用关系代词时才使用这些规章。如：XXI. 【2021 福建】 Stephen Hawkingbelieves thatthe earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whoseXXII. This is the same house her grandfather was born.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结其他有关关系词挑选的规章可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结关系代词直接放在介词后面时，要用 which ，不用 that 。要用 whom ，不用 who第1章【 2021 湖南】Julie was good at German, French第2章【2021 湖南】 The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number offactors, are beyond our control.A. most of themB. most of whichC. most of whatD. most of that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结and Russian , all of she spoke fluently.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that第3章Thisisthemuseum exhibition the other day.wesawan可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档A. thatB. whichC. whereD.in第10章 Whois the personis standing at the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结that第4章【 2021 全国I 】She broughtwithher three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these第5章【2021 浙江】 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their villagegate of Beijing Tourism Tower.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. whom第11章 Who has common sense will do such a thing.A. which B. whoC. whomD. that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结homes for a better life in the city.第12章 Those notonly frombooks but also可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. whom B. whichC. themD. those第6章【2021 上海】Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from you received gifts.A. which B. themC. thatD. whom引导非限制性定语从句时，要用 which, who, whom,不用 that ，也不能省略第7章【 2021浙江】Yesterdayshe soldher car, she bought a month ago.A. whom B. whereC. thatD. which第8章 【2021 全国 1】As a child, Jack studied in a village school,is named after his grandfather.A. which B. whereC. whatD. that第9章【2021 全国 】That evening, I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. thatB. whichC. whatD.when当先行词前面有which ，who 等疑问代词时， 为防止重复，用关系代词that同理，当先行词是that, those 时，常用关系代词which 或 who 。如：What s that whihc is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？ Which is the T-shirt that fits me most.through practice will succeed.A. learnB. whoC. that learnsD.who learn关系代词在从句中作表语或therebe 结构中的实意主语时 , that 可指人或物，且通常省略 概括为：在从句中位于be 后。此条仅作明白He still talks like the man （ that） he was ten years ago.他谈起话来仍像十年前一样。The train is the fastest train （ that） there has ever been.这列火车是有史以来最快的火车。My typewriter is not the machine that it was.我的打字机已不是过去的机器了。第13章 She was no longer the woman she was.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who第14章 She is no longer the sweet girl she used to be.A. whatB. whoC. whenD. that当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all指人 时，关系代词常用whoAnyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。All who heard the story were amazed. 全部听到这个故事的人都很惊奇。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结whose 可指人也可指物可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结whose 作关系代词可以指人也可指物，用作定语。如指物，它仍可以同of which互换 ; 如指人，就不行与 of whom 互换He lives in a house. Its window faces south.精品文档 He lives in a house whose window faces south.He lives in a house. The window of it faces south. He lives in a house, the windowof whichfaces south. He lives in a house, of whichthe windowfaces south.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 21 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精品文档Heisthefarmer.HissonisstudyinginQinghuaA. thatB. whichUniversity.C. whoseD. what可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结由于 答疑 qq 329950885 我们一般说 his son ，不说the son of him; 说