2022年精品-高中英语语法通霸-5.英语常考短语动词词语搭配专项总结归纳讲解例句与高考真题 .pdf

1 动词短语和常用习惯表达动词短语是许多省高考的必考内容。有时一个动词可以跟多个小品词构成多个短语动词，有时一个短语动词又有多个意思。在平时的学习中，我们要有意识地去积累这方面的知识，这样才能使学习更高效。掌握好常用的动词短语和习惯表达对于我们做完形和阅读的帮助也很大。第1讲 常用动词短语（一）考点 1.break 相关短语break down （机器、车辆）停止运转；（健康、精神）崩溃；（系统、讨论等）出问题；分解break away 打破陈规，放弃习惯；奋力挣脱break out （战争、疫情、火灾等）爆发break in/into 破门而入break up 打碎、分裂；分手Let s break up the whole into parts. 让我们化整为零。You must break away from these old customs. 你们必须破除这些旧风俗。The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. 狗挣脱了主人，跑了。After a long time of hard work ，he almost broke down. 长时间艰苦劳动之后，他的身体几乎垮了。Why did the peace talks break down ？为什么和谈失败了？This matter will break down in water. 这种物质在水中会分解。1.【2012 陕西】 He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _. A. broke in B. broke up C. broke out D. broke down 2.【2013 福建】 Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters. A. turn down B. turn out C. break down D. break out 3.【2009 江苏】 I m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have _. So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up D. closed up 4.【2006辽宁】The computer system _ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in 5.【 2006广 东 】 I was still sleeping when the fire _, and then it spread quickly. A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out 考点 2.call 相关短语call at a place 拜访某地call on/upon sb. 拜访或看望某人call for sth. (sb.) 需要，要求；接（某人）、来取（某物）；喊着要人取来call off 叫走，转移开；取消，不举行call on/upon sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事call up (给)打电话；想起，回忆起call in 收回，召回call out 大声喊Call your dog off. 把你的狗叫走。The match was called off because of bad weather. 由于天气不好，比赛取消了。This problem calls for careful thought. 这个问题需要好好想一想。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 13 页I ll call for you at seven this evening. 今晚七点我来接你。We call for the package at the post office. 我们到邮局去取包裹。The toy company has decided to call in the defective products all over the world. 该玩具公司已决定在全世界范围内召回那些有缺陷的产品。They boy called out for help. 那个男孩大声呼救。6.【2009 福建】The Somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to_ all nations to take immediate action. A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on 7.【2007 山东】It s the sort of work that _ a high level of concentration. A. calls for B. makes up C. lies in D. stands for 8.【2006 湖北】 As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _scenes of my childhood. A. called up B. called for C. called on D. called in 考点 e 相关短语come about 发生（不及物）； （bring about，使发生，及物）come across 偶然遇到（meet with 和 run into 也有这个意思）come along 进展；一起来come up with 想出（主意或计划等）come out （书、唱片、电影等）出版发行；（花）开放come to oneself 苏醒过来（ oneself 可以省略）come to realize 开始意识到come up （在谈话或会议中）被提及，被讨论Things are coming along fine. 事情进展顺利。When does their new album come out? 他们的新(答疑qq 329950885) 唱片什么时候发行？The subject came up at the meeting yesterday. 这个话题昨天在会议上被提及。9.【2011 安徽】 If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon 10. 【2011 天津】 She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came across 11. 【2013 新课标 】 Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight? A. come along B. come off C. come across D. come through 12. 【2007 江苏】 Have you _ some new ideas? Yeah. I ll tell you later.A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with 13. 【2006 湖北】It s already 10 o clock I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up 14. 【2005 重庆】 His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has _ many good changes in their lives. A. got through B. resulted from C. turned into D. brought about 考点 4.cut 相关短语cut down/back 减少cut in 插话；（车从前面突然）插入cut off 切断、终止（供应、电话等）；使与外界隔断cut up 切成碎片The government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10% next year. 政府已宣布计划明年减少防务开支10%。I m trying to cut down on caffeine. 我在尽力减少咖啡因的服用量。I was just talking to Jane, when Dave cut in (on us / our conversation). 我正和 Jane谈话，这时Dave 突然插话进来。Did you see that white car cut in (on us/ in front of us)? 你看到那辆白色的车突然插入（到我们前面）了吗？If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off. 如果这个账单五天内不付，你的液化气供应将会被切断。Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 13 页3 许多村庄因为网搜语法通霸大雪与外面隔断。He cut the wood up to build a fire. 他把木头破碎来生火。15. 【2013 陕西】 My uncle hasn t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _. A. cut out B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off 16. 【2005 湖南】 I was just talking to Margot when Jackson _. A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up 考点 5.get 相关短语get along/on （人）相处融洽； （工作）进展get down to 开始认真做某事（to 是介词）get through 结束、完成；成功地联络； 通过（考试）；渡 过 难 关 （ 也 常 用go through, be through）get away 逃脱；离开get away with 做成某坏事而未被发觉或处罚get changed 换衣get across 使理解，使相信get over 战胜、克服（困难）get together 聚会get to sb. 使某人受到影响（cause sb. to suffer or be upset）How are you getting along/on with your job? 你的工作进展得怎么样？She got through her exams without too much trouble. 她没有遇到太大麻烦就通过了考试。I dont know how I got through the first couple of months after Andy s death. 我不知道在安迪死后我是怎样度过前几个月的。The thief got away in the dark. 那个贼趁着黑暗逃脱了。If someone commits a murder, he won t get away with it. 如果一个人犯了谋杀罪，他是不会逃脱惩罚的。I wanted to come along, but couldnt get away.我想要一起走，但是走不开。We tried to get our point across, but he just wouldnt listen. 我们尽力想使他理解我们的意思，但他就是不听。The heat was beginning to get to me, so I went indoors. 炎热开始使我感到难受，因此我走进屋里。I know he s annoying, but you shouldnt let him get to you. 我知道他很烦人，但你不应当让他影响你。17. 【2010 福建】 We ve just moved into a bigger house and there s a lot to do. Let s_ it. A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to 18. 【2013 天津】 I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn t able to _. A. get away B. drop in C. check out D. hold on 19. 【 2013 江苏】 Team leaders must ensure that all members _ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over 20. 【 2007湖 北 】 If we can _ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. A. come across B. get over C. come over D. get off 21. 【2010 浙江】 After that, he knew he could _ any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability. A. get away with B. get on with C. get through D. get across 22. 【2007天津】Hardly could he _ this amount of work in such a short time. A. get through B. get off C. get into D. get down 23. 【2009 全国 I】(答疑 qq 329950885)I tried phoning her office, but I couldn t_.A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through 24. 【2008 陕西】 It s going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me _ the clothes on the line? A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on25. 【2008 四川】I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we_ fine. A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along26. 【2006 重庆】 How are you managing to do your work without an assistant? Well ，I _somehow. A. get along B. come on C. watch out D. set off 27. 【2004 全国 I 】 Sarah, hurry up. I m afraid you can t have time to _ before the party. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 13 页A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 考点 6.give 相关短语give away 捐赠；泄露（秘密）give in 屈服，投降give out （机器或身体某部分stop working ）停止工作（指人可译作“筋疲力尽”） ；用完、用尽；分发（作业、文件、物品）；散布、公布（消息、文件等）give off/out 发出（气味、热、光等）give up 放弃（后跟动名词）The party was meant to be a surprise, but Sharon gave it away. 本打算这个派对秘密准备，但Sharon 却泄了密。She thinks no one knows how much she likes him, but her face gave her away! 她认为没有人知道她多么爱他，但她的表情却告诉了我们一切。All machines gave out eventually. 所有的机器最终都停止了运转。Our food supplies gave out. 我们的食物供应已经用完。Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride. 赶了很长一段路后，人马俱乏。The government gave out food to people out of work. 政府向失业者分发食品。They stood there, giving out the leaflets to the passers-by. 他们站在那里 , 向过路人散发传单。This milk must be bad, for it is giving off a nasty smell. 牛奶一定变质了，因为它散发出一种令人恶心的气味。The sun gives out light and heat to the earth. 太阳向地球发出光和热。He gave up teaching only two years ago. 两年前他才离开教学工作的。28. 【2008 江西】 If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him _during the day. A. away B. up C. in D. back 29. 【2007 福建】 The news of the mayor s coming to our school for a visit was _ on the radio yesterday. A. turned out B. found out C. given out D. carried out 30. 【2005 山东】 What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _? A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up 考点 7.go 相关短语go about 着手做某事 （begin to do/deal with sth. ） ，后跟动名词；到处走动go over 复习；仔细察看go off 爆炸；（枪、闹铃）响go red/ mad/ blind/ hungry go 是系动词，“变得”go ahead (with) 开始 (继续 )做某事go through (法律、计划等 )通过，批准；经受（困难） ；全面检查How can we go about solving this problem? 我们怎样着手解决这个问题？Didnt you hear your alarm clock going off this morning? 你没听到你的闹钟今天早上响了吗？We ve received permission to go ahead with the music festival in spite of opposition from local residents. 尽管当地居民反对，我们得到允许继续举办音乐节。I always go over my revision notes just before I go into an exam. 在考试之前，我总是认真复习我的复习笔记。You must go over the instructions of how it works before you use the micro-wave oven. 在使用微波炉前要先看看它的使用说明。I m going through my wardrobe and throwing out all the clothes I don t wear any more. 我全面检查了我的衣柜，网搜语法通霸把我不穿的衣服都拿了出来。Remember to go through the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine. 在把裤子放进洗衣机之前，记着看一下口袋。31. 【2007 安徽】 Didn t you have a good time at the party? Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 13 页5 that time seemed to _ so quickly. A. go by B. go away C. go out D. go over 32. 【2007 江苏】Do you think that housing price will keep _ in the years to come? Sorry, I have no idea. A. lifting up B. going up C. bringing up D. growing up 33. 【2007 浙江】Would you please _this form for me to see if I ve filled it in right? A. take off B. look after C. give up D. go over 34. 【2011 四川】 To get a better grade, you should _the notes again before the test. A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over 写作专练 1. 熟练使用常用动词短语（一）(参看 P. 错误 !未定义书签。)精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 13 页第2讲 常用动词短语（二）考点 1.look 相关短语look around/about 环视四周look back on sth. 回顾 (某事 )，回想 (某事 ) look down on 看不起，瞧不起look forward to 期待，盼望（后跟动名词）look up 抬头看； (在书、字典中 )查找；好转look over 审阅，检查（ to quickly examine ）look sb. over 上下打量（某人）look through 翻阅，浏览（ to read sth. quickly ）look into sth. 调查，研究，了解；look into one s eyes直视look out 注意，小心（也可用watch out!）look out for 留意 （try to notice ， 也可用 watch out for, keep an eye out for）look up to sb. 钦佩、敬仰某人（look down upon 瞧不起）look after 照料，照看look on/upon sb. as 把某人当作看待I still shudder when I look back on the past. 想起过去，我仍然不寒而栗。Things are looking up. 情况在好转。You shouldn t look down upon the poor. 你不应该瞧不起穷人。The police are looking into the cause of the accident. 警方正调查事故原因。Look out. Theres a car coming! 当心 !汽车来了 ! I had a few minutes before the meeting to look over what he d written. 在会前我有几分钟时间来快速查看他写的内容。He looked her over and nodded lightly. 他上下打量她，然后微微点了点头。We looked on her as a daughter. 我们把她当作女儿看待。While shopping here, you must look out for pickpockets. 在这里购物时，你一定要留意扒手。Many fans look up to Yao Ming. 许多粉丝都很钦佩姚明。1.【2011 四川】I often _ the words I don t know in the dictionary or on the Internet. A. look up B. look at C. look for D. look into 2.【2009湖北】Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes? A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through 3.【2009 江西】 It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of two missing children. A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out 4.【2007 全国 I】“Goodbye, then, ” she said, without even _ from her book. A. looking down B. looking up C. looking away D. looking on 5.【2010 安徽】 No matter how low you consider yourself , there is always someone _ you wishing they were that high. A. getting rid of B. getting along with C. looking up to D. looking down upon 考点 2.pay 相关短语pay back 偿还；报复pay off 还清（债务、欠款） ；（付出得到）回报pay sb. some money for sth. 因为某物 /事付给某人多少钱pay down 当场支付，现金支付Can you lend me some money ? I ll pay you/it back tomorrow. 你能借给我一些钱吗？我明天还你。He swore he d pay her back for all shed done to him. 他发誓他要为她所做的一切报复她。We should be able to pay off the debt within two 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 13 页7 years. 我们应该两年内能还清债务。All her hard work paid off in the end, and she finally passed the exam. 她所有的 (答疑qq 329950885)努力最后都得到了回报，她终于通过了网搜语法通霸考试。6.【2012 安徽】 The athlete s years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up 7.【2013 新课标 】The watch was very good, and he _ 20 percent down for it. A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent 考点 3.pick 相关短语pick up 捡起，拿起去拿某物，去接某人中途搭载乘客（在实践中）学得（语言习惯等）买（便宜货），用较少的钱买到见到、听到、闻到（微弱光、声音、气味）（无线电）接收到（信号）（中断后）重新开始，继续跌倒后站 (爬)起来increase or improve 增加、改善：（风）变大，（车）提速，(生意 ?生产 ?天气 ?健康等 )好转?有起色等pick out (从众多人、物中)辨认出；挑选I went to pick up the phone/receiver, but it had stopped ringing. 我去想拿起电话听筒，但它已停止响了。When you re in town, could you pick up the books I ordered? 当你在 (答疑 qq 329950885)镇上的时候， 请把我订购的书拿回来好吗？Whose turn is it to pick the children up after school? 该谁去接孩子了？The train stopped several times to pick up passengers. 火车沿途停了好几次,让乘客上车?My friends knew where to pick up a good second-hand bike. 我的朋友知道在哪里可以便宜地买到好的二手自行车?We picked up the harbor lights as we sailed along. 我们向前航行时看见了港口灯塔。Police dogs picked up the scent （气味）of the two men from clothes they had left behind. 警犬从那两个人丢在后面的衣服上闻到了他们的气味。Can you pick up Moscow on your radio? 你的收音机能收到莫斯科电台吗？After lunch shall we pick up where we left off yesterday? 午饭后我们从我们昨天停的那个地方开始吗？She fell off her bike, but quickly picked herself up. 她从自行车上摔了下来, 但马上爬了起来?The truck picked up speed slowly. 卡车慢慢提速。?The wind always picks up in the evening. 夜晚时风总是变大。?His spirits picked up when he got the good news. 当得知好消息后，他精神焕发。?The economy is finally beginning to pick up again. 经济终于又开始有所好转?He picked up nicely after a long careful treat. 经过较长时间精心治疗后,他的健康恢复得很好。16It seems as if the weather may pick up soon. 看上去天气好像很快要放晴了?17Let me pick out some good ones for you. 让我来替你挑几个好的。8.【2012四川】It s surprising that your brother _ Russian so quickly he hasn t lived there very long.A. picked up B. looked up C. put up D. made up 9.【2010 山东】 Sam _some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up 10. 【2007 四川】 It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend. A. turn out B. bring out C. call out D. pick out 考点 4.put 相关短语put aside 留出（钱或时间等） ；暂置一边put sth. away 把某物收拾起来put sth. back 放回原处精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 13 页put down 镇压；写下；放下put forward 提出（建议等）put off 推迟（后跟动名词作宾语）put on 穿衣；上演put out 扑灭（火）put up 张贴；搭建；举起；提供临时住处put up with 忍受He put aside some money every month for future uses. 他每月都留出一部分钱以备后用。Let s put our differences aside. 让我们把我们的异议先搁置一边。The proposals that you have put forward deserve serious consideration. 你提出的建议值得认真考虑。Sally is