高中英语知识点总结.docx
精品名师归纳总结1. able用法: be able to doNote:反义词 unable表示不能,而 disabled表示残疾的。be able to do可以表示经过艰巨困苦才能做到的事。2. abroad用法:表示到(在)国外,是一个副词,前面不加介词。Note:可以说 from abroad,表示从国外回来。3.admit用法:表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。Note:表示答应进入的时候与介词to 搭配。4.advise用法: advise sb. to do; advise doingNote:后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:advise that sb. should do的形式。5. afford用法:通常与动词不定式搭配使用。Note:前面需要有 be able to或 can 等词。6. after用法:表示在时间、空间之后。be after表示追寻。Note:用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点,而in 接一个时间段,如:after 3 o clock; in 3 days. 7.agree用法:与介词 on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。Note: agree on表示达成一样。 agree to表示批准。 agree with表示同意某人说的话。8.alive用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。Note:可以作状语使用,表示活活的,如:bury sb. alive. 9.allow用法: allow doing; allow sb. to doNote:可以表示答应进入,如: Please allow me in. 10.among用法:用在三者或三者以上的群体中。Note:仍可以表示其中之一,如:He is among the best. 11.and用法:用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。Note:与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如:Work hard, and you ll succeed sooner or later. 12.another用法:表示又一个,泛指,相当于one more的含义。Note:不能直接加复数名词,需要与一个数词搭配,如:another 2 weeks. 13.answer用法:及物动词,但在作名词时要与介词to 搭配。Note:可以表示接电话、应门等。如:answer the phone/door.14. anxious用法: be anxious for/about/to doNote: be anxious about表示担忧。 be anxious for表示希望得到。15. appear用法:不及物动词,没有宾语,没有被动语态。Note:仍可以作为系动词,与seem 同义,表示看起来。16. arrive用法: arrive at表示到一个小的方。arrive in表示到一个大的方。Note:引申含义表示得出,如: arrive at a decision/conclusion. 17.ask用法: ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask forNote:后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:ask that sb. should do的形式。18. asleep用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。Note:通常与动词 be 及 fall 搭配。 sound asleep表示熟睡。19. attend用法:表示参与,后面常常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词。也可以表示照管, 照管。Note: attend to可以表示处理、照管等。20. attention用法: pay attention to; draw/catch sb s attention Note:写通知时的常用语:May I have your attention, please.21. beat用法:表示打败某人,或连续不断的击打某物。Note: heartbeat表示心跳。22. because用法:后面接缘由状语从句,because of后面接名词。Note: because表示直接缘由,因此只有用它才可以回答why 的特殊疑问句及用在强调句中。23. become用法:系动词,表示变得。可以由好变坏或由坏变好。Note: become of sb.表示某人发生了什么事情。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结24. before用法: before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before last上上周 / 前年Note: It be +段时间 before在该句型中,主句时态只有将来时态和一般过去时态。25. begin用法: begin to do; begin doingNote:当 begin本身是进行时的时候,只能用begin to do的形式。如: It was beginning to rain. 26.believe用法: believe sb.表示信任某人说的话。 believe in sb.表示信任。 6123 结构。Note:回答问句时通常用 I believe so/not的形式。27. besides用法:表示除之外仍有,包含在一个整体之中。Note:仍可以用作副词,表示此外,要用逗号隔开。28. beyond用法:表示越过、在另一边,如:beyond the wood/bridge.Note:可以用于引申含义,表示超出,如:beyond control/power/description. 29.bit用法:与 a little一样可以修饰不行数名词,形容词或副词。Note:修饰名词时要用 a bit of 。 not a bit表示一点也不。30.blame用法: take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb.Note:表示应受到责备时不用被动语态,如:He is to blame. 31.blow用法: blow down/awayNote:表示风刮得很大时要用blow hard.32. boil用法: boiling表示沸腾的。 boiled表示煮过的。Note: boiling point可以表示沸点。33. borrow用法: borrow表示借入: lend表示借出。Note:点动词,不能表示借的时间长短。34. breath用法: hold one s breath;out of breath; save one s breath Note: take a breath表示深吸一口气。 take breath表示喘口气。35. burn用法: burn down/up/one s hand Note: burning表示点着的。 burnt表示烧坏的。36. business用法: on business表示出差。 in/out of business表示开 / 关张。Note:表示商业时不行数,表示详细的行业时可数。37. busy用法: be busy with/doing.Note:不能说 My work is busy.应说 I am busy with my work. 38.buy用法: buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.Note:点动词,不能表示买的时间长短。39. but用法: not but. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but几乎,差一点Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有 do ,后面的 to 要省略。Not onl y but also引导的并列前句倒,后不倒。 cannot help/ choose but do sth.不能不,只能40. by用法: by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way Note: by way of取道,经由。 by reason of由于。 by引导的时间状语一般句子用完成时态。41.care用法: take care of; with care; care for/aboutNote: care about表示在乎,常用于否定句。care for表示关怀,宠爱,常用于确定句。42.carry用法: carry 表示搬运。 carry on表示进行。坚持下去。 carry out表示执行。Note: carry没有方向性,可以表示随身携带。43. case用法: in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that caseNote: in case后面的状语从句可以用虚拟语气,即in case sb. should do的形式。44. catch用法: catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如: He was caught in the rain.45. cattle用法:集合名词,动词要用复数形式。如:Cattle are raised here. Note:一头牛可以用a head of cattle.留意十头牛用ten head of cattle。46. chance用法: by chance; take a chance; there is a chance thatNote:在 chance 后面可以用动词不定式或者of 的结构作定语。47. change用法: change A for B表示用 A 换成 B。change A into B表示把 A 变成 B。Note:表示变化时是可数名词,表示零钱时不行数。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结48. class用法:集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示的意思打算。Note: in class表示在上课, in the class表示在班上。 49.close用法:动词表示关闭。形容词表示亲热的。副词表示靠近。Note: close作副词时表示距离上的靠近,而另一个副词形式closely表示亲密的。50. clothes用法:复数名词,谓语动词用复数,不能加不定冠词。Note:要用 few 或 many来修饰。51. buy用法: buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb. Note:点动词,不能表示买的时间长短。52. but用法: not but. but for next but one , haveno choice bu to do sth., all but几乎,差一点Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有 do ,后面的 to 要省略。Not only but also引导的并列前句倒,后不倒。 cannot help/ choose but do sth.不能不,只能53. by用法: by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way Note: by way of取道,经由。 by reason of由于。 by引导的时间状语一般句子用完成时态。54. call用法: call for / up / back / in / , call on sb. to do sth., pay / make a call on sb. give sb. a call ,on call Note: call at后面跟的点。 call on后面跟人。55. care用法: take care of; with care; care for/aboutNote: care about表示在乎,常用于否定句。care for表示关怀,宠爱,常用于确定句。56. carry用法: carry 表示搬运。 carry on表示进行。坚持下去。 carry out表示执行。Note: carry没有方向性,可以表示随身携带。57. case用法: in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that caseNote: in case后面的状语从句可以用虚拟语气,即in case sb. should do的形式。58. catch用法: catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with, catch sb. doing sth. Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如: He was caught in the rain.59. cattle用法:集合名词,动词要用复数形式。如:Cattle are raised here. Note:一头牛可以用a head of cattle.留意十头牛用ten head of cattle。60. chance用法: by chance; take a chance; there is a chance thatNote:在 chance 后面可以用动词不定式或者of 的结构作定语。61. change用法: change A for B表示用 A 换成 B。change A into B表示把 A 变成 B。Note:表示变化时是可数名词,表示零钱时不行数。62. charge用法: charge sb. with doing sth. thatsb.to d,ochsathr.gceharge sb. for $Note: in charge of负责。in the charge of由某人负责 表示的是被动的 。63. class用法:集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示的意思打算。Note: in class表示在上课, in the class表示在班上。64. clear用法: clear away, clear off, make clear, it is clear thatNote: clear up及物时表示“澄清,整理,整理”。不及物表示“晴朗起来,开朗起来”。65. close用法:动词表示关闭。形容词表示亲热的。副词表示靠近。Note: close作副词时表示距离上的靠近,而另一个副词形式closely表示亲密的。66. clothes用法:复数名词,谓语动词用复数,不能加不定冠词。Note:要用 few 或 many来修饰。67. collect用法: collect stamps; collect one s child from school Note: a collect phone表示对方付费的电话。68. come用法:表示到说话者所处的的方来。 常见短语有: come to, come about, come across, come out,come to an end, come down, come up, come into being/ exist / force / effect等。Note:可用作系动词,表示变成,如:His dreams came true.69. common用法:表示普遍性,如:Smith is a common name. Note: common sense表示常识。 in common表示共同点。70. compare用法: compare with表示把与作比较。compare to 表示把比作。Note:用作状语时,二者都可以表示比较,如:Compared with/to other women, she was very lucky.71. consider用法: consider doing sth. / what to do / that., consider sb. sth. 6123结构可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Note:该词直接跟宾语用动名词但可以用不定式作宾补。considering引导短语作状语,表示“考虑到”72. condition用法:表示生活、工作等的条件或状况。Note: on condition that表示只要,条件状语从句。73. content用法: be content with/to doNote:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。74. cost用法: sth. cost sb. some money,只能用物作主语。Note:修饰 cost 要用副词 high 或 low.75. cover用法: be covered with表示状态。 be covered by表示动作。Note:反义词 uncover表示掀开盖子。 discover表示发觉。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结76. cross用法: cross off划掉, cross one s mind, cross out, bear one Note:作形容词一般用于 be cross with sb. = be angry with sb.77. crowd用法: be crowded withNote:集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示的意思打算。78. cure用法: cure sb. ofNote: cure强调治愈,表示结果。而treat 知表示动作。79. cut用法: cut down/up/offNote:作名词时 a short cut表示捷径。80. damage用法: do damage to sb. = do sb. harm Note:表示损害的时候不行数,复数形式可以表示赔偿费。81. danger用法: in danger表示处于危急的境的。Note:表示一般概念时不行数,表示详细危急时可数。忍耐痛楚s cross可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结82. dare用法:作为情态动词一般用于否定句,疑问句或者条件状语从句。作为实意动词后跟不定式。Note: I dare say that . 意为:我推测,可能,或许。83. dark用法: before/after dark; in the dark Note:可以表示深色的,如: dark blue.84. deal用法: a great/good deal of修饰不行数名词。Note:作动词时构成短语 deal with,常与副词 how 搭配。85. defeat用法:及物动词,后面的宾语是国家,队,军队等名词。Note:不能用人作宾语。86. demand用法: demand to do; demand that , demand of sb. to do sth. Note:后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:demand that sb. should do的形式。87. depend用法: depend on sb./ sth. / one s doing sth. / to do sth. Note: depend不及物动词,常和on 连用。意为“依靠,信任”88. desert用法:名词表示沙漠。动词表示抛弃。Note:可以用过去分词作表语或定语,表示废弃的,如:a deserted house.89. determine用法: determine to do; determine sb. to doNote:过去分词表示有决心的,可以说be determined to do sth.决心做 表示状态90. devote用法: devote oneself to; be devoted toNote:与 devote搭配的 to 是介词,后面接名词或动名词。如:His whole life was devoted to teaching.91. die用法: die of/from/for/out/ awayNote:点动词,不与for 引起的时间状语连用。92. difficulty用法: have difficulty with; have difficulties with sth. ; have difficulty in doing sth. ; Note:表示一般概念时不行数,表示详细困难时可数。93. disagree用法: disagree with sb.Note: disagree虽然在形式上有否定前缀,但并不是个否定词。留意它的反义问句形式:H e disagreed with you, didn t he?94. distance用法: in the distance; at a distance Note:可用于引申含义,表示时间上或情感上的距离。95. divide用法: divide into表示把分成几份。强调分成等份。Note:可以表示除法,如:Nine divided by three is three.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结96. do用法: do away with, do sb. a faour; do up; do with., do wonders, do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb. Note:主要用作及物动词。不及物时表示“行”:If you have no pen, pencil will do.97. doubt用法: doubt sb. / sth. , beyond doubt, in doubt, no doubt, without a doubtNote:主句是否定句时宾语用that 引导。主句是确定句时宾语用whether / if引导。98. downtown用法:副词,前面不加介词,如:go downtown. Note:可用作定语,如: a downtown street.99. draw用法: draw a picture/the curtainNote:引申含义表示得出,如: draw a conclusion/lesson.100. dream用法: dream of/about/that高中英语词组固定搭配一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词afford to do sth.负担得起做某事agree to do sth.同意做某事help to do sth.hope to do sth.帮忙做某事期望做某事arrange to do sth.支配做某事learn to do sth.学习做某事ask to do sth.要求做某事beg to do sth.恳求做某事manage to do sth.offer to do sth.设法做某事主动提出做某事care to do sth.想要做某事plan to do sth.方案做某事choose to do sth.打算做某事prepare to do sth.预备做某事decide to do sth.打算做某事pretend to do sth.假装做某事demand to do sth.要求做某事promise to do sth.答应做某事determine to do sth.决心做某事refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事expect to do sth.期望做某事fear to do sth.可怕做某事want to do sth.wish to do sth.想要做某事期望做某事注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式,不接动名词:aim to do sth.准备做某事fail to do sth.未能做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结long to do sth.期望做某事happen to do sth.碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth.徘徊做某事struggle to do sth.努力做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结二、接不定式作宾补的36 个常用动词advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth.答应某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍耐某人做某事beg sb. to do sth.恳求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth.导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .促使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth.选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth.勉励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事 force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth.使(要)某人做某事hate sb. to do sth.厌恶某人做某事 help sb. to do sth.帮忙某人做某事intend sb. to do sth.准备要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事leave sb. to do sth.留下某人做某事 like sb. to do sth.宠爱某人做某事 mean sb. to do sth.准备要某人做某事need sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事oblige sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth.答应某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth.提示某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.告知某人做某事 train sb. to do sth.训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth.麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth.警告某人做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结汉语的“原谅某人做某事”,英语可说成excuse forgive sb. for doing sth.。汉语的“期望某人做某事”,英语可说成wish sb. to do sth.。汉语的“建议某人做某事”,英语可说成advise sb. to do sth.。汉语的“支配某人做某事”,英语可说成 arrange for sb. to do sth. 。汉语的“要求某人做某事”,英语可说成 demand of sb. to do sth. 。汉语的“感谢某人做某事”,英语可说成 thank sb. for doing sth. 。汉语的“庆贺某人做某事”,英语可说成 congratulate sb. on doing sth. 。汉语的“阻挡某人做某事”,英语可说成 prevent sb. from doing sth. 。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结三、接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34 个常用动词admit doing sth.承认做某事advise doing sth.建议做某事 allow doing sth.答应做某事appreciate doing sth.感谢做某事avoid doing sth.防止做某事consider doing sth.考虑做某事delay doing sth.推迟做某事 deny doing sth.否认做某事discuss doing sth.争论做某事dislike doing sth.不宠爱做某事enjoy doing sth.宠爱做某事escape doing sth.逃脱做某事excuse doing sth.原谅做某事fancy doing sth.设想做某事finish doing sth.完成做某事forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forgive doing sth.原谅做某事give up doing sth.舍弃做某事imagine doing sth.想象做某事keep doing sth.保持做某事mention doing sth.提及做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事miss doing sth.错过做某事pardon doing sth.原谅做某事permit doing sth.答应做某事practice doing sth.练习做某事prevent doing sth.阻挡做某事prohibit doing sth.禁止做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结put off doing sth. 推迟做某事report doing sth. 报告做某事risk doing sth. 冒险做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事understand doing sth.懂得做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结四、接现在分词作宾补的20 个常用动词bring sb. doing sth.引起某人做某事catch sb. doing sth.碰上(撞上)某人做某事discover sb. doing sth.发觉某人做某事 feel sb. doing sth.感觉某人做某事find sb. doing sth.碰上(撞上)某人做某事get sb. doing sth.使某人做某事have sb. doing sth.使某人做某事hear sb. doing sth.听见某人做某事keep sb. doing sth.使某人不停的做某事listen to sb. doing sth.听某人做某事look at sb. doing sth.看着某人做某事notice sb. doing sth.留意到某人做某事observe sb. doing sth.观看某人做某事prevent sb. doing sth.阻挡某人做某事see sb. doing sth.观察某人做某事send sb. doing sth.使某人(突然)做某事set sb. doing sth.使(引起)某人做某事start sb. doing sth.使某人开头做某事stop sb. doing sth.阻挡某人做某事 watch sb. doing sth.观看某人做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结五、接动词原形作宾补的11 个常用动词feel sb. do sth.感觉某人做某事have sb. do sth.使某人做某事hear sb. do sth.听见某人做某事let sb. do sth.让某人做某事listen to sb. do sth.听着某人做某事look at sb. do sth.看着某人做某事make sb. do sth.使某人做某事notice s