英语高考阅读理解解题方法.ppt

一、点：正本清源背单词 集中于点，攻克生词陷阱二、链：主枝分明看句子 专注于链，破解难句谜团三、网：凌波微步读文章 把握全网，悟透篇章要点 （阅读九宗罪+五大微读+八大略读+四大体裁）四、轻车熟路论考点 考点十大路标（重中之重）五、熟能生巧解题型 四大题型（标志词+方法+技巧+正误选项特点）阅读突破：点阅读突破：点 链链 网网 突破法突破法+十大路标十大路标+四大题型四大题型十大考点路标 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首句常考； 五、数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考 I was in a rush as always, but this time it was for an important date I just couldnt be late for ! 41Why was the writer in a hurry that day?A. He was to meet his girlfriend. B. He had to go back to school soon.C. He was delayed by an elderly lady. D. He had to pick up some groceries. Plants cant communicate by moving or making sounds,as most animals do.Instead,plants produce volatile compounds,chermicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas .A flowers sweet smell,for example,comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.(09年年,浙江浙江)49.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by_.A.making some sounds B.waving their leavesC.producing some chemicals D.sending out electronic signals定位词 How you see yourself can make a great difference in how How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate.you communicate.“Every individual exists in a Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he (or continually changing world of experience of which he (or she)is the centershe)is the center”Many communication scholars and Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send others treat them and of the messages others send themthemBut every day we experience the centrality of But every day we experience the centrality of ourselves ourselves in communicationin communicationA student, for instanceA student, for instance，may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment:treatment:“I know my teacher doesnI know my teacher doesnt like the fact t like the fact that I donthat I dont agree with his opinions.And thatt agree with his opinions.And thats why he s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.gave me such a poor grade in that class.” The teacher The teacher might say the oppositemight say the oppositeEach person may believe that he Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other personis correct and that the other persons view is wrongs view is wrong Communication begins with the selfPeople are somewhat products of others treatment and messageswe are always(71) in communication with others讲义练习 P14 C 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考；二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首句常考； 五、数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考表“因为，所以”除了because, so还有神马?“原因后果”词群 origin from originate from arise from result from as a resulf of because of on account of due to owing to thanks to lie in Rest in account for account for be responsible for lead to result in contribute to A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below l6Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climateWithout the forest cover，these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere，warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns，potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world72Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they Areflect more heat into the atmosphere Bbring about high rainfall throughout the world Crarely cause the temperature to drop lower than l6 Dreduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth表“如果 ”除了if 还有神马?if / only ifunless as/so long as in casegiven thatprovided / considering that Clare Collins a senior lecturer at the University of Newcastle, believes such programs will definitely fail provided that they do not influence the way of life of whole families. If we can t get parents to take action against their own weight problems, then we can t expect to influence their kids, she said. However, Professor, Louise Baur from the Children s Hospital at Westmead, doubts whether adult education programs offer any solution to weight problems. Many parents know they need to lose weight and they know it influences their kids, but they lack the willpower to do anything about it. 41.Both Collins and Baur believe that overweight parents_,A. will come up with better solutionsB. will help with their children s educationC. should be more active in reducing weightD. should carry out at least 10 years study 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考；三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首句常考； 五、数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考 Soil is made up of a number of layers(层层)，each having its own distinctive colour and textureThe upper layer is known as the litterIt acts like a blanketlimiting temperature changes and reducing water lossThe topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质腐殖质)，which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colourThis layer is usually rich in nutrients，oxygen，and waterBelow the topsoil is the subsoil，a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matterThis layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humusBeneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock67The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called A1itter Btopsoil Chumus Dsubsoil讲义练习 P14 D 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首尾句常考；四、各段首尾句常考； 五、数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考P3: In the past hundred years，humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources(资源资源)：land for crops，wood for paper and other products，land for raising farm animalsThis action affects the environment as a wholeFor example,a lot of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳二氧化碳)in the air comes from burning the rainforests.People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.P4: There are two main reasons for thisFirstly，when people cut down trees，generally they can only use the land for a year or twoSecondly，cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now，but in the long run it actually reduces the worlds wood supply73What does the word“this”underlined in the third paragraph refer to? A.We will lose much more than we can gain B.Humans have begun destroying rainforests C.People have a strong desire for resources D.Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests讲义练习 P13 A 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首尾句常考； 五、时间数字常考；五、时间数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005. 46. How many hours of housework did men do every week in the 1970s? A. About 23. B. About 26. C. About 13. D. About 6. In many major Asian cities like Seoul, Singapore, and Tokyo, the cost of a house is extremely high. A young couple who want to buy their own house may have to pay about $3000,000 (though prices have fallen). For a flat with one bedrooms, one dining-room, a kitchen, and a bathroom, the couple will pay about $900 a month. Whats more, if they want to have a child, the childs education is very expensive. For example, most kindergarten charges are at least $5.000 a year. In such a situation, its difficult to afford children. (2012年，广东卷年，广东卷) 74. To buy a flat and send a child to kindergarten, how much will a couple pay each year? A. $5,000 B. $5,900 C. $10.800 D. $15.800 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首尾句常考； 五、时间数字常考； 六、列举常考六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考P3:I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mothers “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say.That is ,because she expressed them imperfectly,her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?A. Americans do not understand broken English.B. The authors mother was not respected sometimes.C. The author mother had positive influence on her.D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts.P3:I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mothers “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. . And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.07 全国 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?A. Americans do not understand broken English.B. The authors mother was not respected sometimes.C. The author mother had positive influence on her.D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts. When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mothers Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously ,did not give her good service ,pretended not to understand her ,or even acted as if they did not hear her.10年，广东年，广东41. Why was the authors mother poorly served? A. She was unable to speak good English. B. She was often misunderstood. C. She was not clearly heard. D. She was not very polite. 讲义练习讲义练习 P14 B 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首尾句常考； 五、时间数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考；七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考 Different from popular belief ,we do not usually think in the words and sentences of ordinary language but in symbois for ideas (known as “mentalese”), and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language.But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of complex tapestry (织锦)，writing can only be composed one thread at a time .Therefone it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple.It is only by repeatedly rewrting that wen produces new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.69. What do people generally believe about the way human minds work ?A People think in words and senternces.B Human ideas are translated into symbolsC People think by connecting threads of ideas .D Human thoughts are expressed through pictures.Different from popular belief ,we do not usually think in the words and sentences of ordinary language but in symbois for ideas (known as “mentalese”), and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language.讲义练习 P15 E 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首尾句常考； 五、时间数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考；比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考The e-nose,it turns out,could identify healthy cucumber,pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce.It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged.But even more impressive,the device could tell which type of damage by insects or with a hole punch had been done to the tomato leaves.51.According to the writer,the most amazing thing about the e nose is that it can _.A.pick out ripe fruitsB.spot the insects quicklyC.distinguish different damages to the leavesD.recognize unhealthy tomato leaves 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首尾句常考； 五、时间数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考；the only/ the sole/the most+形容词最高级always/constantly/continuously/totally /extremely/completelystop/ ban impossible none / any /everything / nothing“He wanted to construct a calculating machine to work out the solutions to maths problems not only with correctness but also with a speed beyond the power of any human mind.” 【07年，辽宁卷】年，辽宁卷】 60The machine Babbage designed would solve difficult maths problems _.Ain one operation with few mistakesBin more than one operation without any mistakesCin more than one operation with slight mistakesDin one operation without any mistakesBoth sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents complete unreasonableness. And of course. the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped【10年湖北卷】年湖北卷】 62. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means that in a desert there is_. （2004年，江苏卷年，江苏卷) A. too much sand B. more sand than before C. nothing except sand D. something else besides sand67. In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys _. (2011年，江苏卷年，江苏卷) A. believed they were sure to win the gameB. would like to help Shay enjoy the gameC. found Shay was so eager to be a winnerD. feel forced to give Shay another chance63. It can be concluded from the passage that _. （2005年江苏卷年江苏卷) A. everyone is happy about reality TV. B. reality TV will do well in many countries. C. all the people in Europe are in favor of reality TV D. reality TV will not be broadcast in any countries. 56. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?A. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict. B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict C. The teens cause their parents of misleading them D. The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首尾句常考； 五、时间数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考! ? ( )Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked(2011年，江西卷年，江西卷) 71Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1?ATo express his doubtsBTo compare different ideasCTo introduce points for discussionDTo describe the conditions on Earth As you read this, nearly 80,000 Americans are waiting for a new heart, kidney or some other organ that can save their life. Tragically about 6,000 of them will die this year nearly twice as many people as died in the Sept. 11 attacks because they wont get their transplant in time. 86 of Americans say they support organ donation, but only 20% actually sign up to do it. 阅读理解 一、转折常考； 二、条件因果关系常考； 三、中文翻译常考； 四、各段首尾句常考； 五、时间数字常考； 六、列举常考 七、长难句常考； 八、比较级、比较、对比常考； 九、灭绝师太常考； 十、特殊标点常考一、点：正本清源背单词 集中于点，攻克生词陷阱二、链：主枝分明看句子 专注于链，破解难句谜团三、