Unit2短语解析.doc

Unit2 短语解析1. post office 邮局2. library 图书馆。其复数为libraries. 如：two libraries两个图书馆3. bank 银行；河岸 The bank of China中国银行A river has two banks. 一条河有两个岸。4. pay phone 投币式公用 5. There be 句型： 1用法：“某地 存在 某物/人即强调某人或某物与某地的位置关系。 2结构：“There be + 主语 + 介词短语 存在有 某人/物 某地 说明1：There be有There is There are 两种形式。由最近一个主语来决定be的单复数。当最近一个主语为单数或不可数名词时，用There is；为复数时，用There are。如： There is a book on the desk. 桌上有一本书。 There are some trees near the river. 河的附近有一些树。 There is a desk and two chairs in the room. 房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。最近一个主语是：a desk There are two chairs and a desk in the room.房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。最近一个主语是two chairs 说明2：“介词短语表示“地点，即上册所讲的“方位介词。也可把介词短语置于句首。学过的有：on in under between(and) next to behind in front of 如： There is a clock on the wall. Under the tree there are some girls. 3There be句型的一般疑问句及其答复。一般疑问句把be动词提前。如： Is there an egg on the desk? Yes, there is/No, there isnt.Are there any birds in the tree? Yes, there are. 4There be句型的否认句。直接在be动词后加not.如： There arent any books on the desk. 5对There be句型中的方位介词短语提问时，常用where.如：There is a park on Green Street. Where is a park?去掉there6对there be句型中的主语提问时，常省略there。如：There is a desk in the teachers room. Whats in the teachers room?There are two pens in the pencil case. Whats in the pencil case? 注意常用单数(7) There be 句型与have的区别：前者强调的是一种位置关系；have强调的是一种所属关系。如：There is a pen on my desk. 我桌子上有一支笔。笔在我桌子上，但不一定是我的。I have a pen.我有一支笔。不管笔在哪，都是属于我的。6. Is there a near here? 附近有一个吗？常用来问路。如：Is there a bank near here ? 7. near here 附近8. Its on Center Street. 它在中央大街。在街上美国英语常用on.英国英语用in如：There is a restaurant on Bridge Street. 9. across from 在对面 = on the other side of如：The house is across from the street. = The house is on the other side of the street.10. next to 紧挨；邻近。如：He sits next to me. 他紧挨着我坐。11. betweenand 与之间。用于两者之间，注意用宾格。如：He is between Tom and me.他在我和汤姆之间。12. in front of 在前面物体外部如：There is a tree in front of our classroom.我们教室前有一棵树。树在教室外In the front of 在前面。物体内部。如：There is a desk in the front of our classroom. 我们教室前有一张桌子。教室内部13. behind 在后面。方位介词。如：behind the chair. 在椅子后。14. Fifth Avenue. 第五大街。专有名词，前不用定冠词the。15. 询问地点用Wheres +地点？答复用Its 如：Wheres the supermarket? Its on Center Street.超市在什么地方？ 在中央大街。16. Excuse me 对不起；打搅了；请原谅。Excuse me / sorry. 前者为客套语，常用于“向人问路、“要离开会场，活动等、“插话、“请求许可、“向对方询问情况，可能引起对方不快等场合。Sorry 侧重于事后对所犯的过错或不能满足对方要求而向对方表示歉意的场合。17. in the neighborhood 在附近There is a park in the neighborhood. 附近有一个公园。18. Just 用在祈使句中，意为：“就请吧；尽管好了。如：Just let me help you. 就让我帮助你吧。19. go straight 一直走。Straight “一直，副词，放动词后，常用于指示方向。如：go straight down the road. 沿着这条路走下去。20. turn left / right 向左/右转。Turn left / right at theturning/crossing .在第个路口向左/右转。如：Turn right at the first crossing. 在第一个路口向右转。Turn left/right on/at +街道地点。在某地向左/右转。如：Turn left at New Park. 在新公园向左转。Turn right on Green Street. 在格林大街向右转。21. down 1副词。“向下，下去。位于动词后。如：sit down 坐下 2介词。“沿着。如：Go down this street. 沿着这条街走。22. on the left/right 在左/右边。 On ones left/right 在某人的左/右边。On the left/right of在的左右边如：There is a supermarket on the left. 在左边有一家超市。Lucy sits on Lilys right. 露西坐在莉莉右边。You can see a school on the right of the bank. 你能看到银行右边有一所。23. Thank you very much. 非常感谢。=Thanks a lot. 24. Youre welcome. 别客气；不用谢。25. 几组反义词：newold smallbig dirtycleanbusyfree空闲的 指街道时可用quiet26. busy 忙的。常用短语有：be busy with sth 忙于某事be busy doing sth 忙于做某事。如：The boy is busy with his homework. 这男孩忙于他的作业。Bill is busy playing the guitar. 比尔正忙于弹吉他27. an old hotel 一家旧旅馆。注意old前an用。如：an old photo 一张旧照片。28. Welcome to +地点。欢送到某地。如：Welcome to our school. 欢送到我们。Welcome to China. 欢送到中国来。如果地点是副词，那么省掉to。如：Welcome home. 欢送到家。29. enjoy 享受的乐趣；欣赏。如：They enjoy Chinese food very much.他们非常喜欢中国食物。1） enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like doing sthDiana enjoys watching TV. 戴安娜喜欢看电视。2） enjoy oneself 过得快乐，玩得愉快=have fun =have a good time 如：You can enjoy yourself there. 你在那会过得愉快30. quiet 宁静的 Be quiet 请安静。Please keep quiet. 请保持安静。31. take a walk = have a walk 散步Lets take a walk after dinner. 让我们晚饭后散会步吧。32. across / through/over across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的外表进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。如：They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。Through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。如：He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。Over多指从物体上空通过。如：The birds fly over the city. 鸟儿从城市上空飞过。33. Across from the park is an old hotel. 公园对面是一家旧旅馆。这是一个倒装句。正确语序是：An old hotel is across from the park. 这儿把介词短语提前，表强调。注意动词与主语一致而不是与介词短语一致。如：Under the table are two balls.桌子下有两个球。34. a small house with an interesting garden.一个有着有趣花园的小房屋。1With 在这表示“具有、带有。如：China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个历史优久的国家。His sister is a nice girl with two big eyes. 他的妹妹是一位有着一双大眼睛的漂亮姑娘。2with 还可表“和某人一起如：She wants to go with us. 她想和我们一起去。35. the beginning of的开始。如：Thats the beginning of his new life. 那是他新生活的开始。At the beginning of在的开始。如：At the beginning of the class, the teacher tell us a story. 36. garden tour 花园之旅。37. a good place to do sth. 一个做某事的好地方。如：Our classroom is a good place to study. 我们教室是一个学习的好地方。38. have fun 玩得开心。= have a good time = enjoy +反身代词。如：We have fun on Sundays. 星期天我们玩得很开心=We have a good time on Sundays. =We enjoy ourselves on Sundays. Have fun ( in ) doing sth 做某事很愉快。We have fun learning English this term. 这学期我们学英语很愉快。39. If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. 如果你饿了，你可以在超市买食物。If “如果。引导的句子称“条件状语从句。如：If you are hungry, please go to your mother. 如果你饿了，就去找妈妈。40. “be going to +动词原形表示“方案做某事、将要做某事。如：We are going to play basketball this afternoon. 今天下午我们要打篮球。41. fromto 从到。如:from one to ten 从一到十We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 我们从星期一到星期六上学。42. arrive “到达不及物动词。1） 到达小地方用arrive at,如车站、码头等。到达大地方用arrive in，如城市、国家等。如：They arrive in Shanghai today. 他们今天到达If you arrive at the hotel, please call me. 如果到了旅馆，就给我打 。2） arrive at/in = get to 如：I get to school at seven every day. = I arrive at school at seven every day.3） be arriving “就要到达、将要到达。如：He is arriving next week. 他下周就要来了。43. next Sunday 下周星期天。next“下一的如：next week 下周 next year明年 next term下学期 next month下个月 next Monday下周星期一44. Let sb do sth 让某人干某事。45. the way to 去的路。如：Do you know the way to the bank? 你知道去银行的路吗？I dont know the way to your house. 我不知道去你家的路。46. take a taxi = have a taxi 乘出租车47. pass 经过；通过考试、检测等如：You will pass a big supermarket. 你会经过一个大的超市。Can you pass the exam? 你能通过考试吗？48. go down = go along 沿着走。如：Go down Long Street. 沿着长街走。49. When you see a big supermarket, 当你见到一个大的超市时。When“当时候。引导一个时间状语从句。如：When you finish完成 your homework, go home. 当你完成了作业，就回家吧。50. I hope + 句子。我希望；我祝愿如：I hope you have a good weekend. 祝你周末愉快。51. have a good trip 旅途愉快。52. around here 附近