阅读中的猜测词义.ppt

猜词的重要性猜词的重要性大纲要求大纲要求：根据上下文判断某些词汇和短语的意义。高考阅读测试方式高考阅读测试方式：阅读理解中有3%的生词（不包括根据构词法可以推断词义的词)；阅读理解题中设有猜测词义题。Can you guess the meaning of the underlined you guess the meaning of the underlined words?words? The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel. (门楣门楣) Jane was talking with others while Jack remained reticent all the time.（沉默不语的（沉默不语的） 1. It will be very hard but very brittle that is , it will break easily. (adj. 易碎的易碎的, 脆的脆的) 2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.3. A hibernating animal doesnt wake in winterThat is，it sleeps in winter She is usually for all her classes, but today she arrived ten minutes after the first class began.Our math professor claims that all the problems he gives us are simple ones. However, we feel that they are and hard to solve. Mother was tall and fat. The principal of the school was an older woman, almost as as mother, and much shorter. 1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice. A. 雪山雪山 B. 树枝树枝 C. 冰河冰河 D. 冰冰 2. Mrs. Smith is loquacious while her husband is silent . A. 活泼的活泼的 B. 好动的好动的 C. 多话的多话的 D. 可爱的可爱的 DefinitionDefinitionContrastContrast 3. The old friend asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest4. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth. A. 便士便士 B. 温饱温饱 C. 非常贫困非常贫困 D. 虚弱虚弱 SimilaritySimilarityContrastContrast沙哑的沙哑的SimilaritySimilarityCause and Cause and EffectEffectn.n.困苦，逆境困苦，逆境6. Word Formation 构词法构词法： 英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。出由其构成的新词的含义了。super- (超超) mini- (极小的极小的, 微小的微小的)micro-（极微小的）（极微小的） re- （再，反复）（再，反复） mis-（误，恶）（误，恶） im-（不）（不） un-（不，非）（不，非） anti-（反，对抗）（反，对抗）non-（不，非）（不，非） inter- （相互）（相互） dis- （不）（不） auto- (自动的自动的) -ment表名词表名词 -en 在形容词或名词后构成动词在形容词或名词后构成动词 -ness表示抽象名词表示抽象名词 -ful是形容词的后缀，表示是形容词的后缀，表示“充满充满” -less 加在名词、动词后面，表加在名词、动词后面，表 “没有、否定没有、否定 ” 1) He seemed quite nervous and he had talked for about a minute before I understand anything. Even then all I could was that Tom had had a very bad accident. A. see clearly B. understand C. expectB2) He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. A. weak B. firm C. kind D. clever3)The old man put on his spectacles and began to read. The Chinese meaning is:B眼镜眼镜根据上下文的语言环境，运用生活常识和逻辑推理能力猜测生词的词义也是一种行之有效的方法When a doctor performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anesthetic to make him senseless，because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.n. 麻醉剂麻醉剂( (药药) )In the old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with them a large quantity of dowry.The Chinese meaning is:嫁妆嫁妆抗衰老抗衰老(Word Formation)2. Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health, just as drinking is harmful.3.Since I couldnt afford to buy the original Painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference. 有害的有害的 （复制品，赝品）（复制品，赝品）（ExampleExample）（ContextContext）4. 14,000 sanitation workers carry off, yearly, three million tons of rubbish and keep 7,500 miles of streets clean and free of snow.环卫工人环卫工人(Common Sense)(Common Sense)“Michelle, Im very upset about what you said,” Rosie stated firmly. “You didnt come right out and accused me of eating all your candy. On the other hand, your remarks about my love of chocolate were made for a reason. You are insinuating that Im the candy thief!”What does “insinuate” mean? A. to keep something hot or cold B. to suggest without clearly sayingC. to do something evil D. to protect from disease B B A mans position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _ in this text.A. honor B. endanger C. proud D. shame DAlthough he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.B同学们在做词义猜测题时注意不要脱离同学们在做词义猜测题时注意不要脱离上下文。如果离开特定语境去猜测词义，就上下文。如果离开特定语境去猜测词义，就会导致错误。会导致错误。