（整理版高中英语）高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（15）.doc

高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解1-5 附详析 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最正确选项。 (第1篇)You know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Dont let jealousy spoil your relationships. Tackle it head on and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship youll have to do just that. Dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited), just take some time alone with them and let them know that youve been feeling like theres been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesnt get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from tee swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.Even the best of friendships can be tinged by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise.If you cant, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you wont.解读：本文是关于人际关系的话题。尤其是青少年朋友之间会因为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难。1. According to the author, the jealousy emotion is_.A. normal B. productiveC. destructive D. extreme解析细节理解题，由第一段第二句.that this jealousy is hurting，your friendship.可知。答案C2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to confront your friend when jealousy happens?A. Walking up to him/her and asking him/her why he/she is jealous of you.B. Walking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is.C. Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you feel.D. Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know you think theres something between you.解析细节理解题。由第二段第二句Dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you可知。答案A3. The underlined “it in the first paragraph refers to_.A. friendship B. relationshipC. admiration D. jealousy解析细节理解题。由文章第一段可知。答案D4. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A. Theres always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.B. Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.C. You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts, chances or self development.D. You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution解析推理判断题。答案C5. The purpose of the passage is_.A. to explain what causes jealousyB. to offer some advice on making friendsC. to introduce the way to cope with a jealous friendD. to explain how destructive the jealous emotion is 解析作者意图题。通读全文可知，本文酌写作目的是介绍处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法。答案C (第2篇)Do American children still learn handwriting in school? In the age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. 90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting.But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. Some teachers are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for 10 15 minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minutes a day which really for handwriting is pretty much.Many adults remember learning that way by copying letters over and over again. Today s thinking is that short periods of practice are better. Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself.Instead, they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. After all, that is why we write.Handwriting involves two skills. One is legibility,_which means forming the letters so they can be read. The other is fluency writing without having to think about it. Fluency continues to develop up until high school.But not everyone masters these skills. Teachers commonly report that about onefourth of their kids have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs.But Steve Graham at Vanderbilt says word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. American children traditionally first learn to print, and then to write in cursive, which connects the letters. But guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the College Board, which administers the SAT college admission test. More than 75 percent of students choose to print their essay on the test rather than write in cursive.语篇解读文章介绍了在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况。1We can learn _ from Paragraph 1.A. teaching handwriting is a basic requirement in teaching jobB. most teachers prefer to teach handwritingC. teachers spend little time in teaching handwritingD. a keyboard has taken the place of the handwriting entirely解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting可知书法教学是根本的教学要求，A项为正确推论。根据“One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teac答案A2Which of the following is WRONG for traditional handwriting in the USA?A. The students are taught by practicing a long period.B. The letters are repeated many times.C. Handwriting includes two skills.D. To write in cursive is taught first.解析细节认定题。根据第二段可知，传统的书法教学重复很多遍并且持续时间长，因此A、B两项内容正确。根据第三段第一句可知C项内容正确；根据最后一段第二句可知D项内容错误。答案D3The underlined word “legibility in Paragraph 3 means _.A. easy to read B. complexC. unexpected D. unreadable解析推测词义题。根据下文“which means forming the letters so they can be read可推测画线词的意思是“清楚，易读。答案A4The best title for the passage is _.A. How to improve handwriting in schoolB. Right or wrong: the death of handwritingC. Handwriting involves two skillsD. Handwriting lessons are on the way out解析标题归纳题。作者对美国书法教学的现状作了表达，没有自己的主观评论，应选择B。A项没有涉及，C项只是其中一局部内容，D项只是一局部人的观点。答案B5The author s attitude towards whether still to learn handwriting in school is_.A. negative B. objectiveC. critical D. optimistic解析态度判断题。根据全文的表达，作者只是将美国书法教学的现状和不同人的观点呈现出来，并没有发表自己的见解，因此作者持客观的态度。答案B长难句解读One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not (第3篇)A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10. Researchers said it could explain why people with a higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates. The study of 8,179 people was reported in the British Medical Journal.Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. There was no difference in the IQ scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.Vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians. However, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.Lead researcher Catharine Gale said, “The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said，“It_ is_ like _the _chicken _and _egg. Do people become vegetarians because they have a very high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues？语篇解读研究说明，素食和高智商有一定的关系。1What s the result of the research mentioned in the text?A. Intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life.B. Children with a higher IQ are less likely to have heart disease later in life.C. Intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life.D. Children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher IQ later in life.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10”可知A项正确。根据“it could explain why.可知这一结果可帮助解释B项中的现象，但B项并非这次研究的结果。故此题选A。答案A2It was found in the research that_.A. most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the IQ tests were carried outB. vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict vegetariansC. female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetariansD. vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken可知答案。答案B3Catharine Gale talked about “being vegetarians in a(n)_way.A. doubtful B. favorableC. negative D. objective解析推理判断题。根据第六段可知Catharine Gale只是客观地讲述研究结果，并没有表示自己的立场。应选D项。答案D4What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. Intelligence is linked to not just being a vegetarian but to many factors.B. The rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle.C. The link between a high IQ and being a vegetarian is still uncertain.D. The link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved.解析推理判断题。文章最后一句的意思是：人们成为素食者是因为他们智商高还是因为他们足够聪明而更注意健康问题？由此可见Dr Frankie Phillips认为素食和高智商的因果关系尚未明确，就像弄不清楚是因为有蛋才有鸡，还是因为有鸡才有蛋一样。故C项正确。答案C5What s the best title for the text?A. Get more IQ points!B. Be a vegetarian, please!C. Vegetarian diet cuts heart riskD. A high IQ is linked to being a vegetarian解析标题概括题。本文介绍了一项研究结果：素食与高智商有关，故D项正确。作者并未提出建议，所以A、B两项错误；文章中虽然提到了心脏病，但不是文章的主旨，故C项错误。答案D长难句解读(1) A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10.本句是含有定语从句的复合句。who were vegetarians by 30是定语从句，修饰先行词people。(2)There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those是主句，who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken是定语从句，修饰先行词those。 (第4篇)The hole in the Earths ozone layer (臭氧层) has until now protected Antarctica from the worst effects of global warming. But scientists have warned that as the hole closes up in the next few decades, temperatures on the continent could rise by around 3 on average, with melting ice contributing to a global sea level increase of up to 1.4 metres.In the past decades the western Antarctic has seen rapid ice loss as the world has warmed, but the other parts of the continent have, paradoxically, been cooling, resulting in a 10% increase in ice in the seas around the region. This is because the hole in the ozone layer has increased cold winds in Antarctica, making much of the continent surface colder than usual.But now that the gasses that cause the ozone hole have been banned, scientists expect the hole to repair itself within the next 50 to 60 years. By then the cooling effect will have faded out and the Antarctic will face the full impact of global warming. This means an increase in average air temperatures of around 3 and a reduction in sea ice by around a third.The biggest threat to the continent comes from warming seas. Robert Johnson, a scientist who monitors Antarctica ice sheets, said, “The ice sheets in Antarctica are hundreds of metres thick. But once warm ocean waters start flowing underneath, the ice will begin thinning and could break up very quickly. Thinning ice sheets cause ice to break away from the continent and to melt even faster. Escaping ice from western Antarctica has already resulted in a 10% rise in global sea level in recent decades.Johnson believes that international action to reduce global warming is required immediately or it may be too late. “Everything is connected Antarctica may be a long way away but it is an important part of the Earths system， said Johnson. “It contains 90% of the worlds ice, 70% of the worlds fresh water and that is enough, if it melts completely, to raise sea levels by 63 metres.Even in a worse-case situation scientists dont expect the ice to entirely disappear, but predict that, because of the melting ice sheets, average sea level rise will be around 1.4 metres higher by the end of the century.1. The underlined word “paradoxically (in Paragraph 2) most probably means“_.A. rapidly B. approximatelyC. contradictorily D. apparently答案C2. What is the effect of the hole in the ozone layer on Antarctica?A. It is causing the ice to melt faster.B. It is making much of the continent colder.C. It is making the effects of global warming in the region worse.D. It is reducing the amount of water in Antarctica.答案B3. What do scientists think is the biggest danger facing Antarctica?A. Rising sea levels.B. Warming sea water temperature.C. Water pollution.D. Growing ice sheets.答案B4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Antarctica is currently experiencing the full effects of global warming.