（整理版高中英语）市高考英语阅读理解完形填空专题训练（7）附答案.doc

市高考英语阅读理解、完形填空专题训练7附答案 Some English words are made up of the same part and have different beginnings and different endings, such as import, ex- port, report and transport. All these words, you can see, have the same root "port", which comes from the Latin (拉丁文) word, meaning "to carry'or "to movenfrom one place to another. And according to the bit at the beginning which we call the prefix (前缀),the meaning changes: "import"means "to carry in", or "to bring into a country" "export" "exn,means "out of" so this word means "to carry out of a country""re"means "hack", so the word "report"means "to tell somebody, to bring1 back information to somebody" "transport", "trans" means "across'and it means "to carry across one place to another" !Let's look at the following words; supporter, reporter, importer and exporter. You can see that in this case these words are nouns which are made up of the verbs. Adding a suffix "er'to a verb means a person who does this thing. So supporter means somebody who supports. A reporter is somebody who reports. Importer is somebody who imports and exporter is somebody who exports, and so on. 1. "Some English words are made up of the same part. ", in the sentence "part"means _. A. different beginnings and different endings B. the same part which has several meanings C. the root of a word D. the same root which has different meaning 答案：C 指导：这个相同的局部为“词根。2. Which of the following is not true?_. A. Besides "port", most English words have the same root which comes form the Latin word. B. "port"is the root forming some English words. C. The root "port"means "to carry". D. "port"is the root meaning "to move"from one place to another. 答案：A 指导：并非大多数英语词汇都有来自拉丁文的同一词根。3. By adding a prefix of a suffix to a root, we can get a word which has_. A. the meaning of a Latin word B. a different meaning C. the meanings of "in"or "out of" D. a lot of meanings 答案：B指导：通过前后缀使词义改变。一般说来英语中前缀改变意思，后缀改变词性。4. We can get a noun A. just by adding "er"to a verb B. by changing a prefix C. only by adding "er'to a root D. by adding a suffix to a verb 答案：D 指导：通过在动词上加后缀构成名词。其余选项均为错项。5. According to the passage, if we talk about a repairman, you may guess that he must be _. A. somebody who has regained (恢复) health B. a person who can repair something C. somebody who was good health D. a person who can do only simple things 答案：B 指导：repairman是合成名词，可解释为“A man who can repair something"。*结束 After years of research and testing, the hybrid car was developed and put on the market. It san interesting and exciting new improvement in today's world as we look for better ways to protect the quality of the air we breathe and conserve (保持)our natural resources.The quality of our air is affected by many different things. But one of the largest sources of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and gasoline which is used to power a car's engine. The EPA has set national standards to help control the level of harmful pollutants sent off into the air ，and the automobile industry has acted by producing a hybrid car that uses less gas and therefore causes less pollution.A hybrid car is a combination of a regular car that runs on gasoline and an electric car that is battery powered. Some people tend to think that since the hybrid car is partially electric, you have to plug (接通电源it in to charge it. But that's not how it works. The 144-volt battery pack is actually recharged through the energy that is produced when the car's brakes are used. This is referred to as "regenerative braking", because it generates electricity.Although the hybrid car still runs on gasoline most of the time, this helps it use less gas than a regular car. When the driver stops at a traffic light, the engine automatically shuts off to save fuel .Then, as soon as the driver puts the car in gear and touches the gas pedal, the engine starts backup.Have you ever ridden in a car with someone who ran out of gas? That probably wouldn't happen if you were riding in a hybrid car. It flashes a warning on its computer screen that says, "I am low on gas". When it completely runs out, the warning reads，"YOU ARE NOW OUT OFGAS ！ Then the electric power supply kicks in to let the driver travel a few more miles to a gas station.45.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The hybrid car will be put on the market in the near future.B.The hybrid cars run faster and are much safer than regular cars.C.When the hybrid car stops at a traffic light, the driver will get a warning.D.The burning of fossil fuels is one of the largest sources of air pollution.46.According to the passage, the word "hybrid" refers to _.A. a high-tech discovery B. energy savingC. a new invention D. a combination of two things47."Regenerative breaking" is an important process of the hybrid car because _.A.it allows the car to come to a quick stopB.it gives the driver a smoother rideC.it produces energy to charge the batteryD.it can control the speed of the car48.Which of the following is right about the EPA?A.They have designed hybrid cars to reduce air pollution.B.They have declared the burning of fossil fuels to be illegal.C.They set important guidelines that help control pollution.D.Their main purpose is to protect endangered plants and animals.*结束Should ecigarettes (electronic cigarettes) be a new choice for the smokers trying to get rid of the habit? Reactions from Americans are mixedMore than half of the people questioned in a survey think ecigarettes should be controlled by the US Food and Drug Administration，but 47 percent believe the ecigarettes should be available to the smokers who want to quit“In the hunt for a safer cigarette，ecigarettes are becoming a popular choice among those either trying to quit or looking to replace standard tobacco smoke with an alternative that manufacturers claim to be safer， Zogby International，which conducted the survey，said in a statement About half of the 4,611 adults who took part in the survey had heard about ecigarettes，which are batterypowered，or rechargeable cigarettes that vaporize a liquid nicotine solutionThey do not produce smoke but a water vapor without smellSold mostly on the Internet，ecigarettes were first made in ChinaLast year the World Health Organization (WHO) warned against using ecigarettes，saying there was no evidence to prove they were safe or helped smokers break the habitThe WHO said people who smoke ecigarettes breathe in a fine fog of nicotine into the lungsNearly a third of people questioned in the survey think that ecigarettes should be allowed in places where smoking is forbidden，because they dont produce smoke，but 46 percent disagreeMen who were aware of the availability of ecigarettes were more likely than women to say they should be a choice available to smokers who want to quitYoung people，aged 1829，and singles were the groups most open to trying ecigarettesSmoking is the single largest cause of preventable death worldwide，according to the WHO64What can we learn from Paragraph 1?AAmericans have different opinions about ecigarettesBAmerican smokers ought to try ecigarettesCEvery kind of cigarettes should be forbidden in AmericaDMost of the Americans dont like ecigarettes65According to Zogby International，ecigarettes _Aare much safer than common cigarettes Bwill take the place of traditional cigarettesCare popular among people who want to quit smokingDare produced in a safer way by manufacturers66What do we know about ecigarettes from the passage? AMost Americans are familiar with themB Most people buy them on the InternetCThey produce a water vapor that cant be seenDThey are a good choice as there is no nicotine67Whats the attitude of the WHO towards ecigarettes?AIndifferent BSupportiveCDoubtfulDNegative参考答案 6467、ACBD*结束3、数据推算。If you register both the VIEW qualification course and the Forum at the same time,you will save_ .A.$100 B.$300 C.$350 D.$400 这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。 3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。来源:学*科*网 来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K来源: 考点二、推理推断。推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。此类题的设问常常包括infer,imply,suggest,conclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：1.We can infer from the Passage that_.2.What can be inferred from the Passage?3.Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage?4.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_.5.The author suggests in this paragraph that_.6.The writer implies that_.7.It can be inferred that_.8.It can be concluded from the Passage that_.9.On the whole,we can conclude that_.10.From the text we can conclude that_.11.After reading the Passage we may conclude that_.12.What conclusion can be drawn from the Passage?13.The author is inclined to think that_.14.When the writer talks about,what he really means is that_.15.Whats the writers attitude/feeling towards.? 16.In the writers opinion,.近年来，高考加大了对学生判断推理能力的考查。判断推理题要求在理解原文外表文字信息的根底上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据外表文字信息做多步推理。做题时要注意题干的语言形，如According to the passage.,It can be inferred from the passage that.；It can be concluded from the passage that.等，虽然从外表上看是问有关全文的题，但实际上不用看全篇，仍然只需要根据选项中的线索找到原文中与之相关的一句话或几句话，然后得出答案。针对推理题的不同形，可以采取以下做法：1.假设题干中有具体线索，根据具体线索找到原文相关句(一句或几句话)，然后做出推理；2.假设题干中无线索，如It can be inferred from the passage that.；It can be concluded from the passage that.等，先浏览一下4个选项，排除不太可能的选项，然后根据最可能的选项中的关键词找到原文相关句，作出推理；3.如果一篇文章中其他题都未涉及文章主旨，那么推理题，如infer,conclude题型，可能与文章主旨有关，考生应该定位到文章主题所在位置(如主题句出现处)；假设其他题已经涉及文章主旨，那么要求推断出来的内容可能与段落主题有关，如果如此，应该找段落主题所在处；如果不与段落主题有关，有时与全文或段落的重要结论有关，这时可以寻找与这些结论相关的原文表达。1.定义法。如:Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即 “退火。It will be very hard but also very brittlethat is,it will break easily.从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆的意思。来源:Z|xx|k.ComThe herdsman,who looks after sheep，earns about 650 yuan a year.定语从句中 looks after sheep 就说明了 herdsman 的词义为“牧人。2.同位法。如:They traveled a long way and at last got to a castle,a large building in old times.同位语局部a large building in old times 给出了 castle 确实切词义，即“城堡。We are on the night shiftfrom midnight to 8 a.m.this week.两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地说明night shift 是“夜班的意思。3.比照法。如:She is usually prompt for all her class,but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是“她今天第一节上了一半才来，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时的结论。4.构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)。如: the next hundred?possibility 是 possible 的同根名词,据此可以判断定 possibility 意思是“可能性。 5.因果法。如：The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken.Sometimes the weakness was permanent.So the player could never play the sport again.从后面的结果“永远不能再运动中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的，永久。*结束完形填空 (·第三次质检) To be or not to be. These six words are the most famous in all the _1_ of the world. They were _2_ by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare's works because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but also for every _3_ man and woman. To be or not to be, to live or not to live, to live _4_ and abundantly and eagerly, or to live dully and meanly and scarcely. A philosopher once wanted to know _5_ he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself _6_. He answered it by saying，“I think, _7_ I am.But the best _8_ of existence ever seen was given by another philosopher who said, “To be is to be in _9_. If this is true, then the more relations a living thing has, the more it is alive. To live abundantly means simply to _10_ the range and intensity of our relations. _11_ we are so used to loving our routine. But apart from our regular _12_，how much are we alive? If you are _13_ only on your regular occupation, you are alive only to that extent. If _14_ things are not concerned so farpoetry, music, pictures, sports，friendships，politics，international affairsyou are _15_. On the contrary，it is true that every time you _16_ a new interest even more, a new accomplishmentyou increase your power of life. No one who is deeply interested in a large variety of subjects can remain _17_；the real pessimist is the person who has lost _18_.To be or not to beto live intensely and richly，merely to exist, that fits with _19_ .Let's widen and strengthen our relations. _20_ we live let live! “To be or not to be.生存还是死亡这六个字在世界文学作品中是最著名的名言。何为存在，何为死亡，哲学家对此有不同的理解，本文列举了两位哲人就“To be or not to be，to live or not to live.说明了自己的观点。1A. literature B. arts C. history D. architecture答案：A。“存在还是死亡这六个字在世界文学(作品)中是最有名的。literature文学，文学作品。2A. talked B. carved C. spoken D. written答案：C。这六个字是莎士比亚名著Hamlet中Hamlet自言自语说的话，也是莎士比亚作品中最著名的名言。3A. devoting B. thinking C. demanding D. suffering答案：B。Hamlet不仅仅是为自己说的，也是替所有有思想的、有理性的男男女女而说的。thinking“思考的，有理性的，有思考力的，为形容词作定语。4A. poorly B. lonely C. independently D. richly答案：D。从空后的abundantly(充裕地)和eagerly(渴望地，热切地)的色彩是“积极的可以推断出richly(丰富地)符合语境，其余三项中poorly(贫穷地，贫乏地)和lonely(孤独的，孤寂的)语义色彩为消极的，可排除；independently(独立地，自立地)虽为积极意义的词汇，但和下文并列结构中的dully(沉闷地，单调地)构不成对称关系，故被排除。(meanly卑贱地，简陋地，吝啬地和上文的abundantly对应，scarcely“勉强地，几乎不，简直没有和上文的eagerly对应。)另外下文空19前的richly也暗示了答案。5A. if B. that C. who D. whether答案：D。一个哲学家曾经想知道他是死是活。此处whether和后面的or not构成搭配意为“是还是。6A. eventually B. occasionally C. apparently D. slowly答案：B。这是每个人都使自己偶尔思考的问题。occasionally偶尔，间或。apparently显然地；eventually“最终和slowly“慢慢地尽管似乎可以说得过去，但不符合语境和逻辑。7A. until B. therefore C. however D. whatever答案：B。我思考，所以我活着。空前后为因果关系，四个选项中只有therefore(因此，所以)表示因果关系。8A. definition B. summary C. comment D. feedback答案：A。但是曾经看过的关于“存在的最好的“定义是另外一位哲人下的。definition定义。9A. reality B. relations C. orders D. sight答案：B。他说，“存在就是处在各种“关系中。relation关系，联系。10A. create B. increase C. decrease D. narrow答案：B。为了活得很充实仅仅意味着增加