思科cisco2950交换机配置手册(中文)word版本.docx
思科cisco2950交换机配置手册(中文)word版本 2950交换机 简明配置维护手册 目录 说明 (3) 产品特性 (3) 配置端口 (3) 配置一组端口 (3) 配置二层端口 (5) 配置端口速率及双工模式 (6) 端口描述 (7) 监控及维护端口 (8) 监控端口和控制器的状态 (8) 刷新、重置端口及计数器 (10) 关闭和打开端口 (10) 配置VLAN (11) 理解VLAN (11) 可支持的VLAN (12) 配置正常范围的VLAN (12) 生成、修改以太网VLAN (13) 删除VLAN (14) 将端口分配给一个VLAN (15) 配置VLAN Trunks (16) 使用STP实现负载均衡 (19) 配置Cluster (23) 第1章说明 本手册只包括日常使用的有关命令及特性，其它未涉及的命令及特性请参考英文的详细配置手册。 第2章产品特性 2950是只支持二层的交换机 支持VLAN ?到250 个VLAN ?支持VLAN ID从1到4094（IEEE 802.1Q 标准） ?支持ISL及IEEE 802.1Q封装 安全 ?支持IOS标准的密码保护 ?支持标准及扩展的访问列表来定义安全策略 ?支持基于VLAN的访问列表 监视 ?交换机LED指示端口状态 ?SPAN及远端SPAN (RSPAN) 可以监视任何端口或VLAN的流量 ?内置支持四组的RMON监控功能（历史、统计、告警及事件） 第3章配置端口 3.1 配置一组端口 当使用interface range命令时有如下的规则: ?有效的组范围: o vlan从1 到4094 o fastethernet槽位/first port - last port, 槽位为0 o gigabitethernet槽位/first port - last port,槽位为0 o port-channel port-channel-number - port-channel-number, port-channel号从1到64 ?端口号之间需要加入空格，如：interface range fastethernet 0/1 5是有效的，而interface range fastethernet 0/1-5是无效的. ?interface range命令只能配置已经存在的interface vlan ?所有在同一组的端口必须是相同类别的。 见以下例子: Switch# configure terminal Switch(config)# interface range fastethernet0/1 - 5 Switch(config-if-range)# no shutdown Switch(config-if-range)# *Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/05, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up 以下的例子显示使用句号来配置不同类型端口的组: Switch# configure terminal Switch(config)# interface range fastethernet0/1 - 3, gigabitethernet0/1 - 2 Switch(config-if-range)# no shutdown Switch(config-if-range)# *Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/ 1, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/ 2, changed state to up *Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/ 3, changed state to up 3.2 配置二层端口 2950的所有端口缺省的端口都是二层口，如果此端口已经配置成三层端口的话，则需要用switchport来使其成为二层端口。 3.2.1配置端口速率及双工模式 3.2.1.1 可以配置快速以太口的速率为10/100Mbps及千兆以太口的速率为10/100/1000-Mbps; 但对于GBIC端口则不能配置速率及双工模式，有时可以配置nonegotiate,当需要联接不支持自适应的其它千兆端口时 Switch# configure terminal Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/3 Switch(config-if)# speed 10 Switch(config-if)# duplex half 3.2.2端口描述 Use the no description interface configuration command to delete the description. This example shows how to add a description on Fast Ethernet interface 0/4 and to verify the description: Switch# config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/4 Switch(config-if)# description Connects to Marketing Switch(config-if)# end Switch# show interfaces fastethernet0/4 description Interface Status Protocol Description Fa0/4 up down Connects to Marketing 3.3 监控及维护端口 3.3.1监控端口和控制器的状态 主要命令见下表： 举例如下: Switch# show interfaces status Port Name Status Vlan Duplex Speed Type Gi0/1 connected routed a-full a-100 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/2 wce server 20.20.2 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/3 ip wccp web-cache notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/4 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/5 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/6 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/7 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/8 disabled routed auto 100 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/9 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/10 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX Gi0/11 disabled routed auto auto unknown Gi0/12 notconnect routed auto auto unknown Switch# show interfaces fastethernet 0/1 switchport Name: Fa0/1 Switchport: Enabled Administrative Mode: static access Operational Mode: down Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q Negotiation of Trunking: Off Access Mode VLAN: 1 (default) Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default) Trunking VLANs Enabled: ALL Pruning VLANs Enabled: 2-1001 Protected: false Unknown unicast blocked: disabled Unknown multicast blocked: disabled Voice VLAN: dot1p (Inactive) Appliance trust: 5 Switch# show running-config interface fastethernet0/2 Building configuration. Current configuration : 131 bytes ! interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport mode access switchport protected no ip address mls qos cos 7 mls qos cos override end 3.3.2刷新、重置端口及计数器 Note clear counters 命令只清除用show interface所显示的计数，不影响用snmp得到 的计数 举例如下： Switch# clear counters fastethernet0/5 Clear "show interface" counters on this interface confirm y Switch# *Sep 30 08:42:55: %CLEAR-5-COUNTERS: Clear counter on interface FastEthernet0/5 by vty1 (171.69.115.10) 可使用clear line命令来清除或重置某一端口或串口，在大部分情况下并不需要这样做: Switch# clear interface fastethernet0/5 3.3.3关闭和打开端口 使用no shutdown命令重新打开端口. 举例如下: Switch# configure terminal Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/5 Switch(config-if)# shutdown Switch(config-if)# *Sep 30 08:33:47: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to a administratively down Switch# configure terminal Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/5 Switch(config-if)# no shutdown Switch(config-if)# *Sep 30 08:36:00: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up 第4章配置VLAN 4.1 理解VLAN 一个VLAN就是一个交换网，其逻辑上按功能、项目、应用来分而不必考虑用户的物理位置。任何交换口都可以属于某一VLAN, IP包、广播包及组播包均可以发送或广播给在此VLAN内的最终用户。每一个VLAN均可看成是一个逻辑网络，发往另一VLAN的数据包必须由路由器或网桥转发（如下图）。由于VLAN被看成是一个逻辑网络，其具有自己的网
