（整理版高中英语）市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练（11）（答案.doc

省随州市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练11答案或解析All too often, a choice that seems sustainable (可持续的)turns out on closer examination to be problematic. Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol(乙醇) for fuel from corn. Corn is a renewable resourceyou can harvest it and grow more, almost limitlessly. So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like a great idea.One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it, which could still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally, but thats not the end of the problem. Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people，which drives up the cost of food. That result leads to turning the fallow land including, in some cases, rain forest in places such as Brazil into farmland, which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) into the air. Finally, over many years, the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.You cannot really declare any practice“ sustainable until you have done a complete life-cycle analysis of its environmental(环境的) costs. Even then，technology and public policy keep developing，and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results. The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis.语篇解读文章通过用玉米转化成乙醇为例子来讨论可持续燃料的问题，来说明一些做法还缺少实际开展利用的根底。1. What might directly cause the loss of the forest according to the text ?A. The growing demand for energy to make ethanol.B. The increasing carbon dioxide in the air.C. The greater need for farmland.D. The big change in weather.解析事实细节题。从第二段“.including，in some cases，rain forest in places such as Brazilinto farmland.可知这些雨林要被变成农田，应选择C。答案C2. The underlined word “it in the second paragraph refers to“_A. the energy benefitB. the forest lossC. climate changeD. burning ethanol解析猜想词义题。从第二段“.the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss.可知，上文中的the energy benefit就是下文it所指代的内容，应选择A。答案A3. The author thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is_.A. impractical B. acceptableC. admirable D. useless解析推理判断题。impractical不切实际的；acceptable可以接受的；admirable受尊敬的；useless无用的。从文中最后一句“The admirable goal of living sustainable requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis.可知，开发这种可持续性燃料还是不太实际，应选择A。答案A4. What does the author mainly discuss in the text?A. Technology.B. Sustainability.C. Ethanol energy.D. Environmental protection.解析主旨大意题。technology技术；sustainability可持续性；ethanol energy乙醇能源；environmental protection环境保护。从文中论述可知作者将乙醇作为例子，以此来谈论可持续问题，应选择B。*结束短文改错(共10小题；每题l分，总分值l0分)I saw an accident happened on my way to home this afternoon. A girl was crossing the street on a zebra crossing while a young man drove a motorbike towards her. The young man saw the girl but tried to stop, but he drove too fast to stop. He hit the girl and fell off her motorbike. The girl was badly hurt and couldnt move. The young man didnt know how to do. I ran to a phone box nearby and dialed 110. Soon the police reached. They send her to the nearest hospital at once. One of the policeman talked to the young man and wrote something down while was talking. I think it is very dangerous to drive very fast.短文改错参考答案(共10小题；每题l分，总分值l0分)I saw an accident happened on my way to home this afternoon. A girl was crossing the street on a zebrahappen 去掉tocrossing while a young man drove a motorbike towards her. The young man saw the girl but tried to stop, when andbut he drove too fast to stop. He hit the girl and fell off her motorbike. The girl was badly hurt and couldnt hismove. The young man didnt know how to do. I ran to a phone box nearby and dialed 110. Soon the policewhatreached. They send her to the nearest hospital at once. One of the policeman talked to the young man andarrived sent policemenwrote something down while was talking. I think it is very dangerous to drive very fast. 加he或去掉was*结束 Words：405难度系数：建议用时：9分钟A common misconception (误解) about scholarships is that they are only available for the smartest students with the highest GPAs.However, this just isnt even close to true.There are scholarships out there for every type of student seeking a college education.Lets take a look at each type a bit more in depth.Academic ScholarshipsAcademic scholarships are also often referred to as merit (优点) scholarships, though a merit scholarship can mean anything that has some level of contest to it.These are fox; the students with the 4.0 GPAs, the years as a part of several extracurricular (课外的) activities and the well­rounded applications.They typically have the highest payouts and are considered very well­known as they are often national awards.Athletic ScholarshipsFor students with strong academics (学业的) and physical skills, athletic scholarships are the way to go.There is practically a scholarship for every single sport, from volleyball to football; gymnastics to cheerleading.So, if you are good at anything physical，you should definitely pursue an athletic scholarship.Scholarships for MinoritiesThere are also many scholarships for minorities available.Some of these are general and for all minorities as a collective whole, while others are intended for individual ethnic (种族的) groups.It is also a good idea to apply for a minority scholarship if you are part of fully of a certain ethnicity.You will get to represent your culture and possibly win moneywhat more could you ask for?Scholarships for WomenAs with the scholarships for minorities above, there are also scholarships specifically for women.Since colleges were dominated (主宰) by men for many years, scholarships have been created for strong, career­minded women that need assistance paying for college expenses.If you are female, it is strongly recommended you pursue a scholarship for women.Moreover, scholarships for women are typically available in just about any field.Be specific!【解题导语】本文是一篇信息材料类说明文。文章为我们介绍的是美国大学中四种不同类型的奖学金。13In the authors opinion, _.Amost people are well­informed about scholarshipsBmost people think scholarships should go to the smartest studentsCmost people have some misunderstanding about scholarshipsDmost people deserve scholarships though not having applied for them解析：选C。事实细节题。根据首句可知，很多人对奖学金制度不甚了解，有不同程度的误解。 14Tom does well in his lessons and is especially good at sports.The best scholarship he can apply for _.AAcademic Scholarships BAthletic ScholarshipsCScholarships for Minorities DScholarships for Women解析：选B。事实细节题。根据Athletic Scholarships中第一句可得出答案。15Alice is an Indian­American.She prefers to study her own culture and something about ethnology (民族学)Then shed better apply for _.AAcademic Scholarships BAthletic ScholarshipsCScholarships for Minorities DScholarships for Women解析：选C。事实细节题。Alice属于美国的少数民族，故可申请“少数民族学生奖学金。16How many scholarships are intended for all the students?AOne. BTwo.CThree. DFour.解析：选B。深层理解题。文章中第一、第二项奖学金没有设定对象的先天条件，第三和第四项均有先天条件民族或性别限制，故只有前两类适合于全体学生。*结束Words：313难度系数：建议用时：8分钟Some names have special meanings in popular American expressions.One day，an average Joe was walking down the street.An average Joe is a common personeither male or female.He was lost.He did not know where he was going.So average Joe asked John QPublic for directions to the nearest bank.John QPublic is also a common personmale or female.“Jeez Louise，said John QPublic.This is an expression of surprise.“Dont you know that all banks are closed today? It is Saturday.“For Petes sake，said average Joe.This is also an expression used to show a feeling like surprise or disappointment.“I do not believe you，said he.At that moment，Joe Blow was walking down the street with a woman.Joe Blow is also an expression for a common person.Now this Joe Blow was not walking next to a plain Jane.A plain Jane is a woman who is neither ugly nor pretty.The woman with Joe Blow was a real Sheilaa beautiful woman.Average Joe asked the woman if all banks were closed on Saturday.“No way，Jose， she answered.This is a way of saying “no.“Many banks are open on Saturdays.Average Joe did not know either of these two people from Adam.That is，he did not know them at all.But he followed their directions to the nearest bank.When he arrived，he walked to the desk and said：“I am here to withdraw some money so I can pay my taxes to Uncle SamThis represents the United States government.The banker produced some papers and told him to sign his John Hancock at the bottom.A John Hancock is a persons signed namea signature.Historically，John Hancock was one of the signers of the United States Declaration of Independence.Hancock had a beautiful signature and signed his name larger than all the others.【解题导语】本文介绍了美国英语中一些与人名相关的约定俗语的含义及来源。5The main idea of this text is that _.Asome popular American names have special storiesBsome popular American expressions have some special namesCsome popular American names have special meaningsDsome popular American expressions are interesting解析：选C。确定主旨大意题。短文主要介绍美国英语中常用人名所构成俗语的特定含义，故C项正确。6Which of the following refers to an ordinary­looking woman?AAn average Joe. BJohn QPublic.CJoe Blow. DA plain Jane.解析：选D。细节把握题。由第二段倒数第二句可知plain Jane是一位既不丑也不漂亮的妇女。7The name “Jeez Louise is_.Aan expression of surpriseBa feeling like disappointmentCan expression for a common man Da woman who is neither ugly nor pretty解析：选A。词义猜想题。第一段倒数第三句是对Jeez Louise的解释：这是一种惊讶的表达方式。8What does the banker really want to ask Joe to sign on the papers?AJohn Hancock.BUnited States Declaration.CHis own name. DUncle Sam.解析：选C。细节把握题。最后一段第四句对A John Hancock的解释为：A John Hancock是个人签名指代人的签名，所以那个银行职员想让Joe在文件上签上自己的名字。*结束“Everything happens for the best, my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. And youll realize that it wouldnt have happened if not for that previous disappointment.   Mother was right, as I discovered after graduating from college in 1932, I had decided to try for a job in radio, then work my way up to a sports announcer. I hitchhiked to Chicago and knocked on the door of every stationand got turned down every time. In one studio, a kind lady told me that big stations couldnt risk hiring an inexperienced person. “Go out in the sticks and find a small station thatll give you a chance, she said. I thumbed home to Dixon, Illinois. While there were no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local athlete to manage its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasnt hired. My disappointment must have shown. “Everything happens for the best. Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt a job. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur told me they had already hired an announcer. As I left his office, my frustration (挫折) boiled over. I asked aloud, “How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he cant get a job in a radio station? I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling, “What was you said about sports? Do you know anything about football? Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. The preceding (在前的) autumn, my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds with a 65-yard run. I did a 15-minute build-up to that play, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturdays game! On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my mothers words: “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldnt have happened if not for that previous disappointment. I often wonder what direction my life might have taken if Id gotten the job at Montgomery Ward.50. The writer shows his _ by saying “ if Id not gotten the job at Montgomery Ward.  A. regret    B. happiness   C. gratefulness  D. disappointment 51. The underlined phrase “out in the sticks probably means _? A. in radio stations     B. in the country  C. in big cities       D. in Dixon, Illinois 52. Why did the writer mention his mothers words over and again? Because _.  A. it was his mothers words that encouraged him  B. his mother was a person who talked a lot  C. nothing good has happened to him up to now  D. he got turned down every time he tried53. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?  A. There was a small radio station in Dixon, Illinois.  B. Peter MacArthur was a program director in Scotland. Ks*5u  C. WOC Radio in Davenport broadcast imaginary games.  D. Montgomery Ward had a store with a sports department.54. When did the writer decide to take a radio-announcing job?  A. When he hitchhiked to Chicago.   B. After he graduated from college.  C. Before he graduated from college.  D. As soon as he was turned down.参考答案-50.C 51.B 52.A 53.D 54.C *结束Car crashes are the top killer of American teenagers. Most of the crashes result from distracted driving not paying attention to the road.Ryan Didone was a fifteen-year-old passenger in a car that hit a tree. He was one of the nation's more than thirty thousand victims of traffic crashes in . Nearly four thousand deaths, about twelve percent involved drivers age fifteen to twenty.Ryan's father, Thomas Didone, is a police captain in Maryland. "It was an inexperienced, immature driver driving at night with a carload of kids. He was distracted, he was going too fast, and it ended up causing one death and some seriously injured." He shares the story of his son's death to help educate teens and their families about distracted driving.Jim Jennings from the Allstate Insurance Company says the number one cause of distracted-driving accidents is the mobile phone. He says talking on the phone or reaching for it is like drinking four beers and driving. "If you're texting while driving, you are twenty-three times more likely to get into an accident than somebody who isn't."Government and private groups are using public service announcements and events to bring more attention to the problem.