（整理版高中英语）语法精讲非谓语动词非谓语动词被动语态的意义.doc

语法精讲非谓语动词非谓语动词被动语态的意义(1)表示被动的意义The party is to be held next week He wanted to be sent to the hard area.(2)有时主动形式表示被动的意义，同被动没什么区别，具有“应该“值的的意思。不定式是主语的承受者，但有时作某些形容词的宾语，如：nice,easy,hard,difficult,fit,suitable,good,heavy,comfortable,cheap等。 The box is not strong enough to stand this.Its too small to see.There is a lot of jobs to do.The house is to let at low rent.I am not to blame.Houses are still to seek.Much remains to do.The passage is hard to learn.(1)表示被动的意义He insisted on being sent to the hard area.(2)在动词need,require等的主动语态和形容词worth后，表示被动的意义My watch needs repairing.The book is worth reading.(1)现在分词表示被动的意义The building being built is a school.Not having been told,he didnt know where to start.(2)过去分词表示被动的意义Heated,the metal expands.考题再现【考例1】(春季高考，39) In the dream Peter saw himself_by a fierce wolf,and he woke suddenly with a start.A.chased B.to be chasedC.be chased D.having been chased解析:himself作chase的逻辑宾语，所以要用动词ed形式作宾补。答案:A【考例2】 经典回放The flu is believed_by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. B.being causedC.to be caused D.to have caused解析:be believed to do sth.据信做某事。根据后面by判断用不定式的被动式。答案:C【考例3】 经典回放Tony was very unhappy for_to the party.A.having not been invited B.not having invitedC.having not invited D.not having been invited解析:invite与Tony构成动宾关系，要用动名词的被动结构。not要放在非谓语动词的前面。答案:D【考例4】(高考，33) _into use in April ,the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. C.Having put D.Being put解析：the hotline是put的动作被执行者，所以要用动词ed形式作状语，表示被动。答案：A