（整理版高中英语）目录2.doc

目 录专题一 单项选择 一、名词 二、冠词 三、数词与主谓一致 四、代词 五、形容词、副词 六、介词 七、连词 八、动词时态、语态 九、情态动词 十、非谓语动词 十一、词语、短语动词 十二、定语从句及名词性从句 十三、倒装句及其他句子 十四、交际英语 专题二 完形填空 专题三 阅读理解 专题四 短文改错 专题五 书面表达 典型例题英语模拟试卷(一) 典型例题英语模拟试卷(二) 参考答案专题一 单英选择本章导言 高考单项选择题考查的内容主要是词法、句法、语法和交际会话。词法的考查需要考生在具体的语言环境中，对同义词(或近义词)(或词组)的意义进行辨析，选出最适宜的来使用。单项填空主要考查：a语法知识b语法知识的运用能力c搭配、习惯用法；对词语的正确理解。考查的范围为大纲中所列的语法工程。重点突出，强调动词的用法考查，15道题中，至少一半与动词有关，包括时态、语态、助动词、情态动词、非谓语形式、虚拟语气及倒装。突出语境的作用，提供语境，间接考查语言知识的运用。从近年单项选择题来看，口语化、生活化的句子逐渐增多，这些句子的特点是句式比拟灵活、松散，用词比拟地道，读完一句会感觉到它是从某一个生活场景语言中截取而来，这一特点表达了现代英语教学的终极目的，即用语言解决实际生活中的问题，促使考生答题时从意义着手，不鼓励死记硬背。因此，教学中不讲语法不对，但不能漫无边际地讲。这是正确的教学、考试开展方向，值得坚持和发扬。一、名 词 高考考点导向 对名词的考查侧重以下几点： 1.名词的可数与不可数。鉴别一个名词是否可数，不要用汉语的习惯思维，要依据英美人的语言习惯进行判断。 2.名词作主语时与谓语动词人称与数的一致。主谓一致及名词的数仍会是一个热点。 3.特殊名词单复数的不同含义。例如：good意思为“好处，利益，而goods意思为“货物。 4.抽象名词的具体化。例如：failure作抽象名词时，意思为“失败，指具体的人或事时，是可数名词。 5.在平时的学习中，多注意一些近义词的区别。 高考考题解析 考题1(典型例题) As a result of destroying the forests, a large _of desert _covered the landA. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have 解析英语里有几种表示“许多“大量的词组，有的其后只能跟不可数名词，如。 great deal of；有的后跟可数名词的复数，如scores of；有的后跟可数名词的单数，如many a；还有的既可跟可数名词的复数又可跟不可数名词，如a lot of，plenty of。因此在使用时要有所选择。 此题中“a large number of所表示的“许多其后应该跟可数名词的复数形式，而 desert是一个不可数名词，因此要排除A、C两个选项。而“a large quantity of那么是一个既可跟可数名词复数又可跟不可数名词的词组，因此答案应在B、D两项中选。由于a large quantity of desert是不可数名词作主语，又因为quantity为单数，因此谓语动词要用单数。 答案B 考题2(典型例题春招，28)The manager has got a good business _so the company is doing well. A. idea B. sense C. thought D. thinking 解析sense：意识；idea：观点；thought：想法；thinking：思考。此句中business sense表示“很有生意头脑。 答案B 考题3(典型例题春招，29)I'm sorry I stepped outside for a smoke, I was very tired.There is no _ for this while you are on duty. A. reason B. excuse C. cause D. explanation 解析excuse：借口；reason： (逻辑上的)理由；cause(直接的)起因；explanation：解释。此题表达“对不起，我刚刚出去抽了一支烟，我太累了。“值班时外出是没有借口的。表示不可原谅。 答案B 考题4(典型例题，50) 解析本句题意为“全球不断变暖的后果之一是自然灾害的增加。根据题意，选择increase“增长。 答案D 考题5(典型例题，46) "I don't think it's my _that the TV blew up. I just turned it on, that's all," said the boy. A. error B. mistake C. fault D. duty解析fault：过失、过错，含有对此负责，应受谴责之意；mistake：由于粗心等的无意过错；error：违反某标准而致错；duty：义务。It's(not)ones fault是常用句型。答案C考题6(典型例题，52)Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their , some people drink alcohol. A. temper B. mood C. consciousness D. pressures 解析lose ones pressure表示减轻压力；pressure压力；temper脾气；mood心情； consciousness意识。 答案D考题7(典型例题春季) I have read the material several times but it doesn't make any to me. A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance解析make sense有意义，固定短语。 答案C高考仿真训练 1. What !Where did you get them? A. big fish B. a big fish C. a piece of big fish D. big a fish 2. You should do more Don't always sit at the desk busy doing your . A. exercise; exercises B. exercises; exercise C. exercises; exercises D. exercise; exercise 3. It won't make much whether you agree or not. A. trouble B. difference C. troubles D. differences 4. Though I spoke to him many times, he never took any of what I said. A. notice B. remark C. observation D. attention 5. When they arrived at the crossroads, they went the wrong . A. path B. way C. street D. direction 6. Why is Jack always playing? He has no of time. A. sense B. idea C. effect D. feeling 7. In order to learn the of the family business, Bill took a job as a messenger boy in one of the offices. A. ins and outs B. dos and don'ts C. heads and tails D. Ts and Fs 8. Do you know we are talking about? Come and I'll tell you. A. which Mark Twin's B. which novel of Mark Twin C. which novel of Mark Twin's D. Mark Twin's which novel 9. The toy is made of . A. glass B. glasses C. a glass D. the glass 10. It's a teacher's to make children learn. A. matter B. affair C. business D. event二、冠 词高考考点导向 冠词是汉语中没有的词类，考查英汉语言之间的差异正是高考的重点之一，平时要特别注意定冠词和不定冠词的根本用法以及零冠词的使用场合和冠词的一些习惯搭配。正确使用冠词并不意味着单纯按照所谓“语法规那么使用。因为对冠词的考查不仅仅是停留在冠词这 一知识点上，也可以是通过语言背景做综合能力的考查。 高考考题解析 考题1(NMET 典型例题 Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the 解析前一空的名词animals是复数形式，泛指“一类，不用冠词。这是零冠词的一种根本用法。例如：Pencils，pens and sheets of paper are needed by the students 后一空用不定冠词与kind一起构成固定词组，此类词组在英语中为数不少，例如： have a break， all of a sudden， have a headache， in a hurry， at a loss， at a time， as a rule，make a fire，a good many等。 答案B 考题2(典型例题) Summer in south“France are for most part dry and sunny A；a Bthe； C； Dthe；the 解析“在前门要用at the front door，这是说话人和听话人都知道的那个门，特指某一个门，需用the。第二空中的news的内容，听话者心里还没有数，不是特指听话者所了解的某一消息，不用the。 答案A 考题4(NMET 典型例题 The warmth of sweater will of course be determined by the sort of wool used. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /解析从本句题意看，羊毛衫的保暖性取决于所用羊毛的品种。sweater是可数名词，单数形式与a或the连用时表示类别。答案应在A和B两项中选择。a/thesort (kind) of后的名词无论是可数还是不可数均不加冠词。 答案B 考题5(NMET 典型例题umping out of airplane at ten thousand feet is quite exciting experience. A. /; the B. /; an C. an; an D. the; the 解析此题考查的是冠词的用法。从句意看，“从一架一万英尺高度的飞机上跳下是一欠令人冲动的体验，题中的两个设空表示的均为非特指，表示“某一及“一(次)，故均使用不定冠词。 答案C 考题6(典型例题)I don't like talking on telephone; I prefer writing letters. A. a; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; / 解析on the telephone表示“在 里，这是习惯用法；write letters表示“写信，泛指信，而不是指某一封信，因此不用the。 答案B 考题7(典型例题) One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain good knowledge of basic formation. A. / B. the C. a D. one解析knowledge意为“知识时为不可数名词；而a knowledge of表示“对的掌握。再如：Many people agree that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade(NMET 1996) 答案C 考题8(典型例题春招)The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have third one because second one is rather too small. A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 解析注意序数词前面的冠词的用法：当序数词表示顺序时用定冠词the；表示再宋一次使用不定冠词a (an)。由语境可知，前者表示再吃一个，所以填a；后者表示所吃的第二个，所以填the。此题题意是“蛋糕很好吃。他想再吃一个，因为他吃的第二个太小了。 答案C 考题9(典型例题春招)There's dictionary on desk by your side. A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the 解析dictionary第一次出现，表示泛指用不定冠词；desk后有介词短语限制，故应用the。 答案A 考题10(典型例题春招) An accident happened at crossroads a few meters away from bank.Aa；a B./；a C/；the Dthe；/ 解析句中crossroads和bank均第一次出现，含有泛指性质，故用不定冠词。 答案A 考题11(NMET 典型例题he sign reads "In case of fire, break the glass and push red button. A. /; a B. /; the C. the; the D. a; a 解析fire意为“火灾，可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，在泛指时可用a；button因由red限制，故表示特指，须和the连用。 答案B 考题12(典型例题)I earn 10 dollars hour as _ supermarket cashier on Saturdays. A. a; an B. the; a C. an; a D. an; the 解析此处an hour表示“每小时，a=per；super market cashier为泛指，故必须用不定冠词。 答案1 C 考题13(典型例题春招)As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid .A. by the hour B. by hour C. by an hour D. by hours 解析按照(单位)计算。习惯在表示单位的名词前加the。 答案A 考题14(NMET 典型例题) 27. Tom owns _ larger collection of _ books than any other student in our class. A. the；不填 Ba；不填 C a；the D不填；the 解析a collection of“收集的，后接名词时，名词前不需要冠词。如：a collection of stamps“收藏的邮票。 答案B 考题15(NMET 典型例题f you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off _ A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices 解析选项C the price指“原来的定价。 答案C高考仿真训练 1. There are special foods for _aged and _sick in our dining room. A. the; the B. /; / C. a; a D. a; the 2. When giving an operation on the patient, the doctors found he was in fact_ she. It was really a surprise to her friends. A. a B. an C. one D. /3. For many Shanghaiers, dreams of living in _bigger apartment are becoming_ reality. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a 4. Having received _training of the famous language school, he was offered important job in the company. A. the; an B. /; an C. the; / D. a; a 5. I gave him books to read, but after a page or two he would put _book down and pick up _new one. A. a; the B. the; / C. the; a D. a; a 6. The children had only _slight temperature, but the doctor regarded _illness as serious enough for hospital treatment. A. a; the; / B. /; /; the C. a; /; / D. /; the; the 7. Paris is _most beautiful city, where you can see _famous Effel Tower. A. a; the B. a; / C. the; a D. /; the 8. W: You'd better not make a speech in _public, I think. M: Well, I really want to have go. A. the; a B. /; a C. /; / D. a; / 9. Here is _map for you, which I have used for years. It might be helpful to you. Is it _good one? I need one with places of interest on it. A. a; a B. the; the C. the; a D. a; the 10. You can try _second time if you fail _the first time. A. the; the B. a; the C. a; / I). the; /三、数词与主谓一致高考考点导向 近年高考中有关数词的考题不多，今后也有可能更多地与其他语言现象结合在一起进行考查。复习时多注意年龄、年代、分数、倍数的正确表达。 主谓一致有三个原那么：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。意义一致原那么即主语形式为单数，但意义上却是复数，谓语动词用复数形式；主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。 就近一致原那么指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，在某些结构和句型中与最近的主语保持一致。高考考题解析 考题1(典型例题) _of the land in that district _covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths；is DTwo fifths；are 解析英语中分数由基数词(表示分子)和序数词(表示分母)组成。当分子大于1时，分母应是序数词的复数形式。如果是带分数，整数局部由基数词表示，其后要加连词 and。例如：四分之三：three fourths；五分之一：one fifth；二又三分之一：two and one third。数词作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。“in+the+逢十的数词复数表示“在几十年代答案C 考题2(典型例题)He did it _it took me. A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the time 解析因为定语从句it took me限制time，故须用定冠词，其余各项结构均不正确。 答案D 考题3(典型例题春招)The village is far away from here indeed. It's _walk. A. a four hour B. a four hour's C. a four-hours D. a four hours'解析一个四小时的路程。还可以表达为。a four-hour walk 答案D高考仿真训练1. About five _took part in the strike last week. A. hundred workers B. hundreds workersC. hundreds of workers D. hundreds worker 2. The teacher asked us to write a _article. A. two-thousand-word B. two-thousands-wordC. two-thousands-words D. two-thousand-words 3. What can I do for you? I'd like to take _these tomatoes. A. two dozen of B. two dozenC. two dozens D. two dozens of 4. How long will you stay there? For . A. one and two days B. one and two dayC. one or two day D. a day or two 5. The whole class _the teacher attentively. A. are listening to B. is listening toC. are listening D. is listening 6. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which _difficult. A. is B. are C. was D. were7. Between the two rows of trees _the teaching building.A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are 8. Large quantities of water _for irrigation.A. is needed B. has needed C. are needed D. need 9. What we need good textbooks. A. is B. are C. have D. has 10. _either of your parents come to see you recently? A. Have B. Had C. Has D. Is四、代 词 高考考点导向 由于代词的用法较复杂，使用频率也高，是高考试题中的一个重点。对人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词的考查常交替出现，近年的热点有不定代词、引导名词性从句的what以及代词“的用法等。此外还有one，ones，that，those等替代词的用法。设置特定的语境，对代词数、性、格的变化进行考查仍会是高考的热点，轮番出现在单项填空、完形填空和短文改错等题型中。 高考考题解析 考题1(典型例题)Do you want tea or coffee?_.I really don't mind. A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 解析从下文的I really don't mind上看，这里应当是这两者中的任何一者都行。 答案C考题2(NMET 典型例题f you want to change for a double room, you'll have to pay_ $15. A. another B. other C. more D. each 解析another $ 15是正确的说法；the other 15 dollars以及15 more dollars，15 other dollars也是正确的说法。也就是说在这类表达式中，another放在数词之前，more放在数词之后，other根据冠词来确定位置。 答案A 考题3(NMET典型例题Why don't we take a little break?Didn't we just have_? A. it B. that C. one D. this 解析take a little break表示“休息一小会。take a break=have a rest，break是可数名词，可用one代替。选项A中的it常指上文提到的某个东西，而在这两句话里，上文中的break与下文中的one(代替a break)是完全不同的两个break。答案CIt is the ability to do the job _