（整理版高中英语）高二英语Unit1Makingadifference（二）人教.doc

高二英语Unit 1Making a difference 二人教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Unit 1Making a difference二本单元语法复习动词不定式结构。二. 知识总结与归纳：一本单元阅读材料内的含不定式结构的句子的总结：1. It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.2. Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood.3. One day, your doctor tells you that you have an incurable disease and may not have more than twelve months to live.4. Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand.5. Scientists, on the other hand, Hawking writes, know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong.6. People who listen to Hawkings lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him, because his thoughts and ideas often seem as large as the universe he is trying to describe.7. At that time, the church said that the earth was the center of the universe and Galileo was not allowed to publish or discuss his observations.8. Perhaps the most important thing if we want to make a difference is to find something that we like to do and that we are good at.二总结：动词不定式结构在句中可以充当除了谓语以外的主语，表语，宾语，名词后面的定语，目的状语，以及宾语后面的补足语。对于这些内容，重点掌握一些动词不定式常用的句型结构。1. 不定式结构做主语，宾语时，it做形式主语或形式宾语的句型：如上面第：1，6，8句Its +形容词/名词+ to do sth.find/make/think/feel it +形容词/名词 to do sth.Its usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs .Both Galileo and Zhang Heng found it difficult to make people believe that their theories were correct.2. 不定式结构做名词的定语：have something to do / there be something to do：如上面第3句。Do you have anything to declare ?Jack is the person for me to turn to in difficult times.They gave us a week to think the problem over.Plants need room to spread their roots to get water and to spread their leaves to get sunlight.Lets find a more comfortable house to live in.There are a lot of TV sets to choose from.There is nothing to worry about.3. 不定式结构做动词宾语：后面跟to do 做宾语的常见动词有：afford; agree; decide; demand; expect; fail; forget; hate; hope; learn; manage; mean; need; offer; plan; prepare; pretend; promise; refuse; regret; remember; seem; want; threaten; wish 等，以及一些动词短语如：would like to do; would prefer to rather than do; would rather do than do; We cant afford to lose such an important member of the staff.She flatly refused to have anything to do with the plan.4. 不定式结构做动词宾语的补足语宾补：在英语中有很多这样的动词结构：动词+宾语+宾语补语。“宾语补语补充说明宾语“做了什么；“正在做什么；“去做什么；或者“被。其中表达“宾语局部去做某事，可以用do, to do,形式做宾语的补足语。即动词不定式做宾语补语。动词+宾语+to do sth. 在这种结构中常见的动词有：advise, allow, ask, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, order, persuade, remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn等。有时候谓语动词和宾语可以变成被动形式，作为宾补的to do短语不变。如单元中例句7Mr. White persuaded Tom not to smoke any more.This kind of medicine easily causes people to sleep.Please remind him to take medicine on time.The teacher encouraged his students to express what they thought freely.They were warned not to cross the old bridge.Residents are not allowed to keep pets in our apartment building.He is considered to be one of the leading statesmen of our country.注意：make, let, have, see, hear, 等动词宾语后面的宾语补语应该接动词原形。do形式，而在这些动词let除外的被动形式里，还应该用to do短语做宾语的补足语例句：He saw a thief rush out of a shop carrying a bag full of money.My boss made me redo my report because he wasnt satisfied with it.The boy was made to wash the windows before he could go outside to play.三不定式to do的时态和被动式：to do结构根据所表达的意义也有不同的时态和被动式表达。1. 一般式：要去做：to do 2. 正在做：to be doing 3. 已经做了：to have done 4. 被：to be done 5. 已经被 to have been done 等Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long.The book is said to have been translated into many foreign languages.He pretended to be working hard when the boss came in.If you dont understand something the examiner says, simply ask for it to be repeated.说明：对于不定式的时态和被动式用法那么在掌握不定式句型的前提下要根据具体句子的语境来使用。四学习建议：1. 认真对待单元内的阅读材料包括workbook中的阅读材料，不要只把他们当成学习某些语言点的来源。通过这些阅读材料可以掌握新词汇，锻炼阅读能力，扩展知识面用英语。例如在READING: NO BOUNDARIES中的第6段可以了解科学家进行科学研究的过程。而INTEGRATING SKILLS 中的MAKING A DIFFERENCE，通过阅读可以了解作者的写作思路，学习一些写作结构文章的布局。同时对两篇材料中许多语句，语段加以背诵，积累是可以成为今后我们写作文的素材。2. 除了背诵warming-up中那些著名科学家的名言之外，可以积累阅读材料中的某些句子：如：1Imagine this:2Instead of giving up, Hawking went on with his research, got his PhD and married Jane.3If knowledge is power, as Sir Francis Bacon wrote in 1597, then perhaps creativity can be described as the ability to use that power.4We must believe in what we do, even other do not.5Perhaps the most important thing if we want to make a difference is to find something that we like to do and that we are good atEveryone has his or her special skills and interests, and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.3. 阅读指导：以阅读材料MAKING A DIFFERENCE为例，注意论述性的文章的根本结构是作者首先提出论点然后举例加以说明。所以文章的首尾段，每一段的首句都表达的文章的主题。同时注意这些主题句中的连词转折连词but等往往是最重要的内容。例如第一段第一句：It is not necessary to be a great scientist to make a difference, but there are things we can learn from the best minds in this world. 最后一段对make a difference的方法作了总结。【典型例题】一. 单项选择：1.There are five pairs of shoes _, but I am at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosenB. to choose from C. to chooseD. for choosing分析：此题考察在There be句型中动词不定式to do形式修饰名词作定语的用法。意为：有五双鞋可供挑选，从五双鞋中选一双：choose one from five shoes介词from不能丢。 答案：B2. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _everything.A. to tellB. to be toldC. to be tellingD. to have been told分析：此题考查了动词不定式完成被动式用法 to have been done 表示已经被，根据句子意思：妈妈似乎已经被告知了一切。 答案：D3. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen分析：后半句but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.中，whether they will enjoy it.为主语从句，it为形式主语，remain后面接不定式，根据句意see与主语有被动关系。答案：B4. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. what to do with itD. to do what with it分析：根据句意：据说澳大利亚的土地多得超过了政府所能处理的能力。know后面接疑问词+to do 结构 答案：C5. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _ their products more competitive.A. to makeB. makingC. to have madeD. having made分析：strive后面接to do 结构做目的状语：为而努力。 答案：A二. 翻译句子：1. Tom期待着受到邀请参加这次聚会，但很遗憾他没有受到邀请。2. 我的朋友建议我考虑先买一辆二手车而不是新车。 3. 你还有什么要补充的吗？ 4. Only once theyve got an overview do they have anything that they can hang the specific parts from. 5. If the species is to be saved, we must understand and protect the secret life of pandas in the wild. 答案：1. Tom expected to be invited to the party, but he was not. 2. My friend advised me to consider a second-hand car first, instead of a new car. 3. Do you have anything to add?4. 只有得到一个概观后，他们才能有针对性地挑选每一个局部去拼合成整体。 5. 如果要拯救这种稀有动物，我们就必须了解并保护野生大熊猫尚未为人世所知的生活方式。【模拟试题】答题时间：60分钟一. 单项选择：1. I find these problems are easy _.A. to be worked outB. to work out C. to work them outD. to be worked them out2. _ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleepB. SleepingC. SleepD. Having slept3. How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers ?  The key _ the problem is _ the demand which is made by the customers.A. to solve; meetingB. to solving; meetingC. to solve; to meetD. to solving; to meet4. It seems that he has no pen _.A. to writeB. to write withC. writingD. writing with5. The police _ the suburbs for the missing car .A. are seekingB. are findingC. are managingD. are trying6. We had a good many anxious moments, but everything _ all right in the end.A. turned downB. turned upC. turned outD. turned into7. _ she finds out that youve lost her book ?A. What aboutB. If what C. What ifD. That whether8. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way the boys and girls respond to _ situation.A. similarB. alikeC. sameD. likely9. Dont be too _ about things you are not supposed to know.A. strangeB. amusingC. curiousD. conscious10. Ill look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little _.A. waitB. timeC. patientD. rest二. 完型填空：It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics, “ The Art of Eating Spaghetti意大利面条 caught my eyes. The word “spaghetti brought back the _1_ of an evening at Uncle Allens in Belleville _2_ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat _3_ spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was an exotic 外来的treat in _4_ days. Never I eaten spaghetti, and _5_ of the grown-ups had enough experience to be _6_ it. What laughing _7_ we had about the _8_ respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. _9_, I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to _10_ it down simply for my own _11_, not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. _12_, I would write something else.When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no _13_ left to write a proper composition for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to _14_ my work. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the _15_ papers. He said, “ Now, class, I want to read you a composition, The Art of Eating Spaghetti.My words! He was reading my words out _16_ to the whole class. _17_ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show _18_, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, _19_ my words had the power to make people _20_.1. A. memoryB. thoughtC. knowledgeD. experience2. A. whenB. whereC. sinceD. after3. A. cookedB. servedC. gotD. made4. A. theirB. pastC. lastD. those5. A. noneB. oneC. someD. neither6. A. careful aboutB. good atC. fond ofD. interested in7. A. speechesB. lessonsC. sayingsD. arguments8. A. nearlyB. naturallyC. officiallyD. socially9. A. EspeciallyB. ProbablyC. SuddenlyD. Fortunately10. A. settleB. putC. takeD. let11. A. workB. storyC. luckD. joy12. A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. As for himD. Except for that13. A. timeB. excuseC. wayD. idea14. A. give upB. continueC. hand inD. delay15. A. writtenB. gradedC. collectedD. signed16. A. loudB. fastC. publiclyD. calmly17. A. PeopleB. NobodyC. SomebodyD. I18. A. shockB. wonderC. worryD. pleasure19. A. ifB. forC. whileD. although20. A. excitedB. satisfiedC. thinkD. laugh三. 阅读理解：Several years ago, my parents, my wife, my son and I ate at one of those restaurants where the menu is written on a blackboard. After a wonderful dinner, the waiter set the check in the middle of the table. Thats when it happened: my father did not reach for the check.Conversation continued. Finally I realized that I should pick up the check! After hundreds of restaurant meals with my parents, after a lifetime of thinking of my father as the one with dollars, it had all changed. I reached for the check, and my view of myself suddenly changed. I was an adult. I was no longer a kid.Some people mark off区分their lives in years, I measure mine in small events. I didnt become a young man at a particular age, like 16, but rather when a kid who wandered in the streets called me “mister. These events in my life are called “milestones里程碑There have been other milestones. The copspolicemenof my youth always seemed big, even huge, and of course they were older than I was. Then one day they were suddenly neither. The day came when I suddenly realized that all the football players in the game I was watching were younger than I was. They were just big kids. With that milestone gone was the dream that someday, maybe I, too, could be a football player. Without ever having reached the hill, I was over it.I never thought that I would fall asleep in front of the TV set as my father did. Now its what I do best. I never thought that I would go to the beach and not swim, yet I spent all of August at the shore and never once went into the ocean. I never thought that I would appreciate opera, but now the combination of voice and orchestra attract me. I never thought that I would prefer to stay home in the evenings, but now I find myself passing up parties. I used to think that people who watched birds were strange, but this summer I fond myself watching them, and maybe Ill get a book on the subject. I feel a strong desire for a religious belief that I never thought Id want, feel close to my ancestors (祖先) long gone, and echo my father in arguments with my son. I still loseOne day I bought a house. One daywhat a day!I became a father, and not too long after that I picked up the check for my own father. I thought then it was a milestone for me. One day, when I was a little older, I realized it was one for him, too, another milestone.1. The tone established in the passage is one of _A. sad regret B. amusement C. happiness D. deep feeling2. The author mentions the event in the restaurant because _.A. that was one of his milestoneB. he paid the bill but he didnt want toC. he became a father with dollarsD. that was the last restaurant meal with his parents3. “Then they were suddenly neither. Suggests that _.A. suddenly they became older than I wasB. suddenly I knew that they was neither bigger nor older than I wasC. suddenly I realized that I made mistakeD. suddenly I found myself no longer a kid4. Which of the following best expresses the authors thinking ?A. One day is worth two tomorrowB. To save time is to length life C. When an opportunity is lost, it never comes back to youD. Time and tide wait for no man四. 短文改错：This is a story told by my father: “couldnt wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. _about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. _the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, It7. _isnt a good time to do that, dear. At once I apologize8. _and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You9. _know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.10. _五. 书面表达：以A Ten-minute Break为题，写一篇100词左右的短文。内容必须包括以下要点：1. 十分钟的课间休息是必要的。2. 要注意休息的方式。3. 你自己是如何利用课间十分钟的。【试题答案】一. 单项选择：1. B 句型Something be +adj. to do ：某事作起来很，2. A 为了晚点起床，不定式在此做目的状语。3. D the key to doing sth.：做的方法/关键。to：是介词。后面的空是不定式做表语。4. B 不定式结构做定语修饰pen，先行词the pen 做短语to write with 的宾语。5. A 警察搜索郊区，寻找丧失的汽车。Seek for：为寻找而搜索6. C