2022年高考英语完形填空常考词汇总结+高考英语完形选项必认单词 .pdf

动词类：1“看”look 看的动作 / see 看的结果 ; watch 观察/observe 为了研究进行的观察; Notice注意 catch sight of 看见 / stare 好奇地看 / glare 瞪着看Glance 瞅见 /glimpse 瞥见see a film watch TV 2“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth 告诉的内容talk with sb about sth 强调说话者之间的交流 Say sth 诉说的内容speak in English 说的语言whisper sth to sb 耳语 Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事Bargain 讨价还价chat聊天repeat 重复 explain 解释warn 警告remind 提醒 Discuss 讨论 debate 辩论 figure 指出 declare宣布claim 自称mention 提起admit 承认 deny 否绝 describe 描述announce 公布 introduce 介绍 complain 抱怨3“叫”cry 哭叫call 叫 shout 大喊scream 尖叫moan 呻吟 sigh 叹气 quarrel 大吵4“问”ask 询问interview 采访express 表达 question 审问5“答”answer 回答respond 回应 (用其他方式回应) reply 回复6 “听”listen to 听的动作hear 听的结果pick up 收听overhear 无意听到7“写”dictate 听写write sth 写 describe 描写 drop a line 写信 draw 画take down/write down写下，记下8“拿 /放”take 拿走bring 拿来hold 举着 carry 扛，挑(无方向性 ) fetch 拿来拿去lift举 Put 放 lay 铺 /放置pull 拉/push 推9“抓”take hold of 抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住 scratch 抠10“打”hit 一次性的打击beat 不间断的打击strike 突然的击打 /突然想到blow 吹刮attack 攻击11“扔”throw 扔 drop 掉 放弃错过fall 倒下无意掉下来wave 招手 shake 摇12“送”send 寄送deliver 递送 give 给 offer 主动给予see off 给某人送行13“摸 /抱” touch 摸 /fold 折叠 /embrace 拥抱 / hug 抱/hold 握 in ones arms 14“踢 /碰” kick 踢/knock 敲/ tip 轻敲15“行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳slip 溜 come/go enter 进入move 搬迁drive开车ride 骑 fly crawl 匍匐前进16“坐”sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站，耸立 / lean 斜靠17 “睡 /休息” lie /on one s back仰卧 / on one side 斜着 / on one s stomach 俯卧stay in bed 卧病在床have a rest 休息一会儿take a nap 打盹 be asleep bend turn over 翻身 rest 18“笑”smile 微笑 (不出声 ) laugh 嘲笑，笑声burst into laughter= burst out laughing忍不住大笑19“哭”cry vt.& vi. 哭; 喊，叫 ; vt.哭着说shed（vt 除掉使流出使脱落n.小屋车棚）tears 留泪weep 呜咽地哭sob 抽泣burst into tears /burst out crying 20“找 /查” find 找到look for 正在找过程find out 查明discover/explore 发现 /探索hunt for 寻找，搜索search for 为寻求 seek 寻求寻找/ seek for in search of 寻找Search sb 搜身search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地Check检查，核实examine 考察发现问题/体检 test 检测，检验inspect 视察21“穿”put on 动作wear 穿戴have on 试穿be dressed in 穿的状态make-up 化装get changed 换衣服be in red 穿着红色的衣服Take off 脱 remove 去除 try on 试穿22 “吃 /喝” eat/drink sip 吮吸 have a meal 吃饭have supper 吃晚饭 toast 烤、敬酒 taste名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 品尝treat sb to 请某人吃help oneself to 随便吃23“得”get obtain acquire 获得知识和技能gain possess 24“失”lose 丢了be lost /be missing人错过失踪，不见gone 不见 (物) great loss die大规模死亡die off 相继死去die away 逐渐消失25“有”have 有 own 是自己的conquer 征服 occupy 占有 =possess 26 “无” nothing left 输得精光 the remaining thing 剩下的东西disappear 消失 be missing /gone 失踪，丢失27“增 /减” rise / go up /drop 人主动抬价raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease 28“买 /卖” buy purchase 购买 afford 支付得起pay 支付 pay off 付清 pay for 为。 。 。付钱 sell 卖 on sale 廉价出售bargain 讨价还价Bill 票据/ cheque 支票 / cash/ credit card 信用卡 notes 票据/ coins 硬币 discounts 打折29“存在 /消失” come into being 形成，产生exist 存在appear 出现 /survive 幸存/ live活着/show 显示 /turn up 出现 / disappear 消失/die /die out灭绝/ pass away 去世 /be out of sight 看不见30 “变化” develop 发展/improve 改善 / become 变得 / grow 发展，生长/ go +bad /wrong/ sour 变坏，故障，变酸或不再受欢迎/without( negative adj.表示负面的一些不好的变化吧) turn + 颜色/change /change into 变成 /reform 改革31“认识的过程”feel 感觉 / sense 感觉 /guess 猜/ suppose 猜想 / wonder 怀疑 / doubt 怀疑/ know 知道/learn 学习/ realize 意识到 / understand 理解 / remember 记得 / be familiar with 对.熟悉 /recall 回想起 /recite 背诵 /apply to 致力于32“ 成功 /失败” make it 做到，好转/succeed 成功 /make progress 取得进步 /come true实现/realize ones dream 实现某人的梦想/win 胜利 /lose 失败 /fail to do 没能做，未做/failure 失败/defeat 战胜，击败 /suffer 容忍，变差 / /beat 打败 /turn sth. into reality 把什么变成现实33 “努力” try 努力 /manage 设法 /make efforts 作出努力 /attempt 试图 /do ones best 尽最大的努力 /as much as one can to do 尽某人最大努力34 祝贺congratulations on sth/to sb 祝贺某事 /某人celebrate/ observe 庆祝 get together 聚会35 赞美 /批评 praise 赞扬 think highly of 对。 。 高度评价 / blame sb for sth 因。 。责备某人/ sb is to blame 某人该受责备criticize 批评/scold sb. for sth. 责骂某人做某事have a low opinion of sb 评价甚低；轻视；瞧不起Speak ill of 说某人坏话36 喜/恶 like 喜欢， 爱好 love 爱 be fond of 喜欢 be keen on 热衷；喜爱 be crazy about 喜欢。adore 敬爱，崇敬preferdoing 喜欢 enjoy 欣赏，喜欢dislike 不喜欢 unlike 不同 hate 厌恶awful 极坏的 disgusting 令人讨厌的ignore 忽视 turn off37 判断think 认为believe 相信consider 认为，考虑find 发现 feel 感觉conclude 推断infer 推理doubt 怀疑38 到达arrive at/ reach/get to 到达 / return to返回到某个地方，状态stay in sp 待在某个地方visit 访问 ;探望 ;参观 ;游览leave 离开leave for 离开去某地on ones way to 在某人去1. on ones way to do 中的 to do 作目的状语，短语意思为“在去做某事的路上”，也就是赶路去做某事，这里的“路”可是货真价实的路，土路、水泥路、柏油路等等，绝不是抽象意名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 义上的路。例句 1： She was on her way to do some shopping when she was knocked down by a car.（参见英语搭配大辞典 ）试译：她在去购物的路上被车撞倒了。2. on one s way to doing 中的 to doing 引出的是某个过程的结果，短语意思为“接近做某事” ，也就是说这里的路是抽象意义上的路，是一个过程。例句 2： He is well on his way to becoming an officer of the company.（参见现代英语用法词典 ）试译：他就快当上公司的高管了。巧合的是， Macmillan English Dictionary 与现代英语用法词典上给出的例句用的都是动词becoming。从上例我们也可以看到，on ones way to doing 可以被 well 修饰，强调“就快做某事”。两者的区别说起来似乎有些复杂，其实也有个简单的辨别办法。因为 on ones way to do 中的不定式是目的， 而不是目的地， 我们就可以在way 后面加上 to someplace， 而 on one s way to doing 则加不了。也就是说，能在way 后面补上目的地（+to someplace）的就接不定式，否则就接动名词。例句 1 就可以改写为：She was on her way to the supermarket to do some shopping when she was knocked down by a car.（试译：她在去超市购物的路上被车撞倒了。）很明显，只有在货真价实的路上她才能被撞，或者碰见老朋友之类的。总之，两者的区别主要来源于意义，即具体和抽象的区别。拓展： go back 与 return 等用法类似。upon one s arrival on doing sth 某人一到达就做一些事情39 受伤hurt/ injured /wound /cut受伤kill drown 淹死bleed 流血 get burnt 遭殃 suffer from 遭受 suffer a loss 受损失40 损坏damage 损坏， destroy 摧毁破坏， ruin 毁灭糟蹋（ n.废墟）break down 分解 发生故障失败be broken 这个应该是被动语态吧被打碎被中断crash撞击崩溃 破产41 修复repair 修复 /rebuild 复原 / restore 恢复 / fix 修理 / recover oneself 恢复正常42 支持 /反对agree 同意disagree 不同意accept 接受receive 接受 refuse 拒绝 turn down 拒绝、关小调低、比率减少43 做饭cook 做饭；厨师 wash 洗 cut 切 chop 砍 boil 煮 fry 煎 steam 水汽 make 制作 mix 混合clean 清洁brush 刷 cover 覆盖uncover 揭开 cooker 炊具44 建议advise suggest recommend/ urge 催促 ; 推进，驱策; 力劝，规劝; 极力主张propose 提议，建议 ; 打算，计划demand persuade 说服45 花费sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sth It +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at ones expense 46 省/存钱 save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time 47 参加take part in 参加join 参加join in 参加attend 出席 compete 竞争 compete in 在.方面竞争compete for 为了 .竞争compete against 和.竞赛48 控告accuse sb. of 指控某人charge sb. With 控告某人做某事49 救治help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程 / cure 结果 sb. Of sth Aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth 50 敬佩admire 赞美 /respect 尊重 /show respect for 对.表示尊重 /to adore envy 爱慕嫉妒/jealousy 嫉妒 /in honor of 为了向表示敬意51 逃避ran away/ flee / 逃跑 escape from 从中逃出hide 隐藏名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 52 阻止 /禁止 prevent / keep/ stop sb. From doing sth forbid doing sth. Ban prohibit 53 对付 /处理handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle 54 效仿copy imitate learn from learn 54 爆发 /发生come about happen to take place break out burst out go off explosion 55 安装 /装备 fasten fix set equip be armed with 用什么武装be equipped with 装备有56 追求pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上 keep up with 跟上57 想/考虑think of 考虑 /+as 把什么看成think about 想起 consider think over 仔细考虑be concerned 担心be considerate towards sb. 58 打算plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do 59 似乎 /好象seem appear look like as if as though 60 开办 /关闭open start set up close/close up end close down 名词类1 假期 vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off 2 旅游trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking 3 职务人员clerk 职员，办事员；书记；店员；记账员waitress 女服务生secretary 秘书；书记；部长； 大臣friend 朋友；助手；赞助者passer-by 过路人、经过者minister 部长；大臣；牧师customer 顾客manager 经理；管理人员guest 客人；顾客；宾客host 主人；主持人 hostess 女主人，女老板；女服务员；舞女；女房东adult 成年人Assistant 助手；助理；助教neighbor 邻居relative 亲戚；亲属Patient 病人；患者vet 兽医 staff 职员 crew船员nurse 护士； 保姆 teacher 老师；导师 conductor 售票员；管理人；领导者tailor 裁缝 Sailor水手；海员inventor 发明家gardener 园丁；花匠；园艺家Guard 守卫；警卫4 餐馆 /定餐 /就餐inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin 5 诊所 /看病 /服药clinic hospital take ones temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient 6 车站 /机场 airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb. 7 身体部位arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist 8 意志will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy 9 才能 /品质 talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable 10 优缺点advantage disadvantage strength weakness 11 目标aim goal intention purpose belief faith 12 方式means method way manner approach 13 身体素质strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight 14 图表photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图15 文章reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志diary 日记Files form make a list of 16 课堂 class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks 17 学校活动match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony 18 建议 /观点 advice suggestion idea proposal view recommendation 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 19气候/天气climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth 20 交通by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike give sb. a lift/ride 21 习惯habit custom get used to regular有规律的 (形容词 ) practice 惯例 (名词 ) 22 感觉sight hearing touch smell sense 23 情感feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow 24 财富money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off 25 运动比赛on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/ 26 衣服clothes, cloth, clothingclothes 统指各种衣服， 谓语动词永远是复数，cloth 指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 27 事件incident, accidentincident 指小事件 , accident 指不幸的事故形容词类1 人的各种感受乐 happy delighted to one s joy pleased amused 悲 sad unhappy painful bitter 平静calm quiet silent/still peaceful 烦 bother bored be fed up with 震惊surprised astonished shocked /amazed 怕 in fear be frightened /scared /afraid 失望 desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed 满意 be satisfied with /be content to do 生气 Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage 2 表程度的副词类narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quite Accidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by far Farther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus . 易考的近义词组Run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ match Hit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /performer Contain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ do Fall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ account Cause/ reason that s why/ that s because because/ since,as/ for Last/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divide Stand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/range Provide/supply/offer/ give/send 高考英语完形选项必认单词gain vt. 获得，增加concentrate vi. 集中（思想、注意力等）connection n. 联系，连接accurately adv. 精确地，准确地predict vt. 预言，预测deserve vt. 应 得 ， 值 得disability n. 残 疾 ； 无 能 力athletic adj. 喜 爱 运 动 的desire n. 渴望，欲望assistant n. 助手bleed vi. 流血astronomy n. 天文学allergic adj. 过敏的，glare v. 怒视，瞪grateful adj. 感激的，感谢的名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - cant help doing sth. 禁不住要做某事devote vt. 献身于，专心致志于insurance n. 保险，charge vt. 收费， 要价take charge of 接管， 控制，consult vt. 请教，查阅，casual adj, 随意的，非正式的，make out 假装nursery n. 托儿所，保育室，moral n. 道德，overcome vt. 克服，战胜inspect v. 仔细检查pay off 得到好结果，取得成功，commit vt. 投入constantly adv. 不断地beneath adv. 在底下，hesitate v. 犹豫，踌躇multiply v. 乘；大量增加，dynamic adj. 精力充沛的，bother v. 打扰，烦扰booming adj. 迅速增长的，迅速发展的arithmetic n. 算术distinguish vt. 区别，辨别；表现突出in addition 此外，simplify vt. 简化qualification n. 资格，资历，secure adj. 稳定的，无忧无虑的lay off 裁员，conservative adj. 保守的，旧式的alternative adj. 可选择的，另类的worthwhile adj. 值得努力的，be accustomed to 习惯于bureaucratic adj. 官僚的beneficial adj. 有用的，有益的assume vt. 假定，假设高考英语易混淆词对比：the people, a people the people, a people the people 指人 ; a people 指民族，例： The Chinese is a peace-loving people. it, one it 同一物体 ; one 同类不同一，例：I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one. that, this that 指代上文所提到的;例： I was ill. Thats whythis 导出下文所要说的。none, nothing, no one none 强调有多少 ; nothing, no one 强调有没有 ;nothing 指物， no one 指人。anyone, any one anyone 指人，不能接of; any one 指人物均可，可接of 例： any one of you who, what who 指姓名或关系; what 指职业或地位，例：What is your dad? He is a teacher. what, which what 的选择基础是无限制的; which 在一定范围内进行选择，例：Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? other, another other 后接名词复数，例：other students another 后接名词单数，例：another student not a little, not a bit not a little 非常 ; not a bit 一点也不，例：Im not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累many, much, a lot of many 和可数名词连用，例：I dont have many books. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - much 和不可数名词连用; a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句。much more than, many more than much morethan 后接形容词或不可数名词，例：much more water, much more beautiful many morethan 后接可数名词，例：many more people no, not no=not a/any 例： no friend=not a/any friend; no water=not any water no more than, not more than no more than 相当于 only，仅仅，只有; not more than 至多，不超过。majority, most majority 只能修饰可数名词，例：the majority of people most 可数不可数均可。by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself 单独的，独自的; for oneself 为自己 ; to oneself 供自己用的 ; of oneself 自行的，自动的，例：The door opened of itself. at all, after all at all 根本，全然 ; after all 到底，毕竟，例：After all he is a child. tall, high tall 常指人或动物，例：He is tall. high 常指物体。fast, quickly fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，例：run fast quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快，例：answer the question quickly high, highly high 具体的 *ighly 抽象的高，高度的，例：think highly of healthy, healthful healthy 健康的，健壮的; healthful 有益于健康的，例：healthful exercise sleeping, asleep,sleepy sleeping 正在睡觉，例：a sleeping baby asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，例：The baby is asleep. sleepy 困的，有睡意的，例：I*eepy. gold, golden gold 指真金制品，例：a gold ring golden 指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish most, mostly most 用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，例：most people 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - mostly 大部分，是副词，例：the people are mostly just, very just 表强调时是副词，作状语，例：just the man very 表强调时是形容词，用作定语，例：the very man wide, broad wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离; broad 侧重于幅面的宽广，例：broad shoulders wide, broad wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离; broad 侧重于幅面的宽广，例：broad shoulders respectful, respectable respectful 尊敬，有礼貌，例：be respectful to the aged respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的。outwards, outward 二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面; outward 还可用作形容词，例：an outward voyage pleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant 常用作定语 ; pleased, pleasing 常用作表语 ; pleased 主语常为人，pleasing 主语常为物，例：a pleasant trip; The trip is pleasing. understanding, understandable understanding 明白事理的，能体谅的，例：an understanding girl underst