2022年宁夏考研英语考试考前冲刺卷（3）.docx

2022年宁夏考研英语考试考前冲刺卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy (1) it to their pets. Market studies show that two thirds of all dog owners give ice cream to the dogs. (2) , says William Tyznik, an expert in animal nutrition at Ohio State University, ice cream is not good for dogs. It has milk sugar in it, he says, which dogs cannot (3) very well.(4) by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to (5) their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much (6) to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid byproduct of cheese and milk with the sugar (7) . Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It (8) Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and (9) dog food (named Tizbits), three years to (10) the Frosty Paws formulas, and two (11) to commercialize it. After losing 25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to Associated Ice Cream of Westerville, Ohio, which makes the product and (12) it in cups.Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested (13) and that dogs love it. Of 1,400 dogs that have been (14) the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first (15) . Three out of four (16) it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be (17) in the ice cream section of supermarkets, comes in (18) of three or four cups, costing about 1.79.What would happen (19) a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream Nothing, says Tyznik. It’s (20) , but frankly, he says, it won’t taste very good.16（）AswallowBconsumeCdigestDexude2.Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy (1) it to their pets. Market studies show that two thirds of all dog owners give ice cream to the dogs. (2) , says William Tyznik, an expert in animal nutrition at Ohio State University, ice cream is not good for dogs. It has milk sugar in it, he says, which dogs cannot (3) very well.(4) by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to (5) their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much (6) to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid byproduct of cheese and milk with the sugar (7) . Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It (8) Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and (9) dog food (named Tizbits), three years to (10) the Frosty Paws formulas, and two (11) to commercialize it. After losing 25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to Associated Ice Cream of Westerville, Ohio, which makes the product and (12) it in cups.Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested (13) and that dogs love it. Of 1,400 dogs that have been (14) the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first (15) . Three out of four (16) it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be (17) in the ice cream section of supermarkets, comes in (18) of three or four cups, costing about 1.79.What would happen (19) a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream Nothing, says Tyznik. It’s (20) , but frankly, he says, it won’t taste very good.17（）AtrialBtryCtestDpractice3.Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy (1) it to their pets. Market studies show that two thirds of all dog owners give ice cream to the dogs. (2) , says William Tyznik, an expert in animal nutrition at Ohio State University, ice cream is not good for dogs. It has milk sugar in it, he says, which dogs cannot (3) very well.(4) by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to (5) their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much (6) to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid byproduct of cheese and milk with the sugar (7) . Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It (8) Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and (9) dog food (named Tizbits), three years to (10) the Frosty Paws formulas, and two (11) to commercialize it. After losing 25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to Associated Ice Cream of Westerville, Ohio, which makes the product and (12) it in cups.Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested (13) and that dogs love it. Of 1,400 dogs that have been (14) the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first (15) . Three out of four (16) it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be (17) in the ice cream section of supermarkets, comes in (18) of three or four cups, costing about 1.79.What would happen (19) a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream Nothing, says Tyznik. It’s (20) , but frankly, he says, it won’t taste very good.18（）ApleaseBraiseCtrainDcomfort4.Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy (1) it to their pets. Market studies show that two thirds of all dog owners give ice cream to the dogs. (2) , says William Tyznik, an expert in animal nutrition at Ohio State University, ice cream is not good for dogs. It has milk sugar in it, he says, which dogs cannot (3) very well.(4) by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to (5) their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much (6) to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid byproduct of cheese and milk with the sugar (7) . Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It (8) Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and (9) dog food (named Tizbits), three years to (10) the Frosty Paws formulas, and two (11) to commercialize it. After losing 25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to Associated Ice Cream of Westerville, Ohio, which makes the product and (12) it in cups.Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested (13) and that dogs love it. Of 1,400 dogs that have been (14) the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first (15) . Three out of four (16) it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be (17) in the ice cream section of supermarkets, comes in (18) of three or four cups, costing about 1.79.What would happen (19) a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream Nothing, says Tyznik. It’s (20) , but frankly, he says, it won’t taste very good.19（）AoneBotherCaDanother5.Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy (1) it to their pets. Market studies show that two thirds of all dog owners give ice cream to the dogs. (2) , says William Tyznik, an expert in animal nutrition at Ohio State University, ice cream is not good for dogs. It has milk sugar in it, he says, which dogs cannot (3) very well.(4) by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to (5) their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much (6) to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid byproduct of cheese and milk with the sugar (7) . Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It (8) Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and (9) dog food (named Tizbits), three years to (10) the Frosty Paws formulas, and two (11) to commercialize it. After losing 25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to Associated Ice Cream of Westerville, Ohio, which makes the product and (12) it in cups.Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested (13) and that dogs love it. Of 1,400 dogs that have been (14) the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first (15) . Three out of four (16) it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be (17) in the ice cream section of supermarkets, comes in (18) of three or four cups, costing about 1.79.What would happen (19) a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream Nothing, says Tyznik. It’s (20) , but frankly, he says, it won’t taste very good.20（）AincludedBincludingCremovedDremoving6.Text 1Whether or not animals feel is not altogether an easy question to answer. A human being has direct awareness only of the pains which he himself suffers. Our knowledge of the pains even of other human beings is only an inference from their words, and to a lesser extent their behaviors. Animals cannot tell us what they feel. We can, of course, study their bodily reactions to the kind of stimuli which would be painful to human beings and this has often been done. When such stimuli are applied to animals, their pupils dilate, their pulse rate and blood pressure rise, they may withdraw the stimulated limb and they may make struggling movements. Nevertheless it has been pointed out that none of these reactions can safely be taken as indications that the animal experiences pain because they can all be evoked when the parts of the body stimulated have been isolated from the higher nervous centres. Furthermore, when disease produces such an isolation in human beings the corresponding stimuli are painless. We must therefore look for other evidence as the capacity of animals to experience pain.Basically, all the nervous elements which underlie the experience of pain by human beings are to be found in all mammalian vertebrates at least; this is hardly surprising as pain is a response to a potentially harmful stimulus and is therefore of great biological importance for survival. Is there any reason, then, for supposing that animals. though equipped with all the necessary neurological structures, do not experience pain Such a view would seem to presuppose a profound qualitative difference in the mental life of animals and men. The difference between the human and subhuman nervous system lies chiefly in the much greater development of the human forebrain. This would be significant in the present context only if there were reason to believe that it alone was correlated with the occurrence of conscious experiences. But much of our knowledge of the nervous regulation of consciousness is derived from experiments on animals.In everyday life we take it for granted that animals see and hear, and there seems no reason to suppose that they do not feel pain. So, while the reactions of the pupils, pulse rate and blood pressure mentioned above can in exceptional circumstances occur without the conscious experience of pain, it seems likely that in the intact animal they are indications that pain is being experienced.Our knowledge of the pains animals feel can be obtained through（）Aan inference from their words.Bstudy of their direct awareness of the pains.Cstudy of their reaction to pain causing stimuli.Dan inference from their behavior.7.Text 1Whether or not animals feel is not altogether an easy question to answer. A human being has direct awareness only of the pains which he himself suffers. Our knowledge of the pains even of other human beings is only an inference from their words, and to a lesser extent their behaviors. Animals cannot tell us what they feel. We can, of course, study their bodily reactions to the kind of stimuli which would be painful to human beings and this has often been done. When such stimuli are applied to animals, their pupils dilate, their pulse rate and blood pressure rise, they may withdraw the stimulated limb and they may make struggling movements. Nevertheless it has been pointed out that none of these reactions can safely be taken as indications that the animal experiences pain because they can all be evoked when the parts of the body stimulated have been isolated from the higher nervous centres. Furthermore, when disease produces such an isolation in human beings the corresponding stimuli are painless. We must therefore look for other evidence as the capacity of animals to experience pain.Basically, all the nervous elements which underlie the experience of pain by human beings are to be found in all mammalian vertebrates at least; this is hardly surprising as pain is a response to a potentially harmful stimulus and is therefore of great biological importance for survival. Is there any reason, then, for supposing that animals. though equipped with all the necessary neurological structures, do not experience pain Such a view would seem to presuppose a profound qualitative difference in the mental life of animals and men. The difference between the human and subhuman nervous system lies chiefly in the much greater development of the human forebrain. This would be significant in the present context only if there were reason to believe that it alone was correlated with the occurrence of conscious experiences. But much of our knowledge of the nervous regulation of consciousness is derived from experiments on animals.In everyday life we take it for granted that animals see and hear, and there seems no reason to suppose that they do not feel pain. So, while the reactions of the pupils, pulse rate and blood pressure mentioned above can in exceptional circumstances occur without the conscious experience of pain, it seems likely that in the intact animal they are indications that pain is being experienced.The human nervous system differs from that of animals in that（）Aman has more developed forebrain.Bman can feel pains while animals can't.Cman has different neural structures.Dman's mental life is in nature different from that of animals.8.Text 1Whether or not animals feel is not altogether an easy question to answer. A human being has direct awareness only of the pains which he himself suffers. Our knowledge of the pains even of other human beings is only an inference from their words, and to a lesser extent their behaviors. Animals cannot tell us what they feel. We can, of course, study their bodily reactions to the kind of stimuli which would be painful to human beings and this has often been done. When such stimuli are applied to animals, their pupils dilate, their pulse rate and blood pressure rise, they may withdraw the stimulated limb and they may make struggling movements. Nevertheless it has been pointed out that none of these reactions can safely be taken as indications that the animal experiences pain because they can all be evoked when the parts of the body stimulated have been isolated from the higher nervous centres. Furthermore, when disease produces such an isolation in human beings the corresponding stimuli are painless. We must therefore look for other evidence as the capacity of animals to experience pain.Basically, all the nervous elements which underlie the experience of pain by human beings are to